Abstract: A structured cross-channel packing element for a column for at least one of mass transfer and heat exchange between a heavy fluid phase and a light fluid phase. The structured cross-channel packing element comprises at least two adjacent layers made of expanded metal sheets each comprising openings that are surrounded and separated from each other by separating elements. At least two of layers are arranged in a longitudinal direction parallel and in touching contact with each other such that an open space extending from one end to an opposite end of the layers is provided between the layers such that at least one of the heavy fluid phase and the light fluid phase may flow therethrough. A ratio between an average width of at least 50% of the separating elements between adjacent ones of the openings and a sheet material thickness is at least 15.

Abstract: A structured packing element for a column for at least one of mass transfer and heat exchange between a heavy fluid phase and a light fluid phase. The structured packing element comprises at least two layers of a grid comprising openings that are surrounded and separated from each other by separating elements. At least two of the layers are arranged in a longitudinal direction parallel and in touching contact with each other such that an open space extending from one end to an opposite end of the layers is provided between the layers such that at least one of the heavy fluid phase and the light fluid phase may flow therethrough. An average width of at least 50% of the separating elements between adjacent openings is at least 15 times a layer material thickness and is between 70% and 125% of an average hydraulic diameter of the adjacent openings.

Abstract: A plant for producing a structured cross-channel packing element. The structured cross-channel packing element comprises at least two adjacent layers made of expanded metal sheets each comprising periodic deformations. The plant comprises a stretching machine configured to cut and stretch a metal sheet to form one of a plurality of first expanded metal sheets, a calibration machine configured to roll the first expanded metal sheets to a desired thickness, a sheet storage unit configured to directly receive each of the first expanded metal sheets rolled in the calibration machine, a forming machine configured to form each of the first expanded metal sheets to form the expanded metal sheets comprising periodic deformations, and a stacking machine configured to stack the expanded metal sheets comprising periodic deformations to form the structured cross-channel packing element. The sheet storage unit is configured to release the first expanded metal sheets directly to the forming machine.

Abstract: The invention relates to a packing layer (1) for structured packing (20), the packing layer (1) having a plurality of structural elements (2), and the structural elements (2) being shaped and arranged in such a manner that they form a first fine structure (3), and adjacent structural elements (2) having a first spacing (a), the packing layer (1) having a plurality of protrusions (4) that are shaped and arranged in such a manner that they form a second fine structure (5), and adjacent protrusions (4) having a second spacing (b). According to the invention, the structural elements (2) and the protrusions (4) are formed without perforations.

Abstract: The invention relates to a turning plate for measuring the pushing-off forces of swimmers in a swimming pool when turning and includes force sensors for determining the pushing-off forces and a stiff plate, which can be secured in a stable position parallel to the pool wall. The turning plate has a stiff rectangular frame on which the stiff plate is secured with pre-tensioning by a clamping screw at four locations, in each case over a force sensor. Moreover, next to each of these force sensors, an adjusting pin is arranged on the frame and can be driven out from the frame in order to support the frame on the pool wall. The frame has at least one, preferably two stiff securing brackets for mounting it on the pool edge, preferably on a starting block.

Abstract: A static devolatilization apparatus (1) for germ reduction of a fluid is disclosed. The apparatus (1) comprises a housing (10), an inlet (12), an outlet (14), a fluid-contacting surface (20) comprising a biocide (22) embodied to reduce the germ count of the fluid (2), wherein the fluid-contacting surface (20) is a fluid-contacting surface (20) of a static mixing element (30). The present invention further relates to a process for reducing the germ count of a fluid containing germs (2?) using the apparatus (1) and also to the use of the apparatus (1) in the germ reduction of fuel oil, of food products, or water decontamination, preferably decontamination of waste water, industrial process water, or the treatment of drinking water.

Abstract: A liquid mixing collector includes first and second sump zones, a first and optionally a second liquid collection region, first and second interspersed sets of spaced apart liquid collection channels positioned in the first liquid collection region, the first and second sets of collection channels being associated with the first and second respective sump zones, wherein adjacent liquid collection channel sets are vertically displaced in parallel horizontal planes. The invention also relates to the process of using the collector within a heat or mass transfer column.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of CD89 activating molecules, in particular Fc alpha comprising molecules, and more particularly, IgA, for inducing apoptosis in neutrophils. Anti-CD89 antibodies can alternatively be used. The CD89 activation is beneficial in the treatment of various disorders associated with increases in neutrophils, such as autoimmune disorders, inflammatory disorders, NETosis, or cystic fibrosis.

Abstract: The invention relates to a turning plate for measuring the pushing-off forces of swimmers in a swimming pool when turning and includes force sensors for determining the pushing-off forces and a stiff plate, which can be secured in a stable position parallel to the pool wall. The turning plate has a stiff rectangular frame on which the stiff plate is secured with pre-tensioning by a clamping screw at four locations, in each case over a force sensor. Moreover, next to each of these force sensors, an adjusting pin is arranged on the frame and can be driven out from the frame in order to support the frame on the pool wall. The frame has at least one, preferably two stiff securing brackets for mounting it on the pool edge, preferably on a starting block.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of CD89 activating molecules, in particular Fc alpha comprising molecules, and more particularly, IgA, for inducing apoptosis in neutrophils. Anti-CD89 antibodies can alternatively be used. The CD89 activation is beneficial in the treatment of various disorders associated with increases in neutrophils, such as autoimmune disorders, inflammatory disorders, NETosis, or cystic fibrosis.

Abstract: A liquid mixing collector 1 is disclosed which comprises a first and a second sump zone, 10, 20, a first and optionally a second liquid collection region, 40, 50, a first and a second interspersed set, 60, 70, of spaced apart liquid collection channels 80 positioned in a first liquid collection region 40; said first set 60 being associated with said first sump zone 10; said second set 70 being associated with said second sump zone 20; wherein adjacent liquid collection channels 80 of the first and second sets, 60, 70, are vertically displaced from each other in one of at least two to four parallel horizontal planes 100. The present invention also relates to a column comprising said collector 1, the use of said collector 1 in a mass transfer or heat exchange column, and a method of collecting and mixing descending liquid in a column.

Abstract: The invention relates to a packing layer (1) for structured packing (20), the packing layer (1) comprising a plurality of structural elements (2), and the structural elements (2) being shaped and arranged in such a manner that they form a first fine structure (3), and adjacent structural elements (2) having a first spacing (a), the packing layer (1) comprising a plurality of protrusions (4) that are shaped and arranged in such a manner that they form a second fine structure (5), and adjacent protrusions (4) having a second spacing (b). According to the invention, the structural elements (2) and the protrusions (4) are formed without perforations.

Abstract: A static devolatilisation apparatus (1) for germ reduction of a fluid is disclosed. The apparatus (1) comprises a housing (10), an inlet (12), an outlet (14), a fluid-contacting surface (20) comprising a biocide (22) embodied to reduce the germ count of the fluid (2), wherein the fluid-contacting surface (20) is a fluid-contacting surface (20) of a static mixing element (30). The present invention further relates to a process for reducing the germ count of a fluid containing germs (2?) using the apparatus (1) and also to the use of the apparatus (1) in the germ reduction of fuel oil, of food products, or water decontamination, preferably decontamination of waste water, industrial process water, or the treatment of drinking water.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of CD89 activating molecules, in particular Fc alpha comprising molecules, and more particularly, IgA, for inducing apoptosis in neutrophils. Anti-CD89 antibodies can alternatively be used. The CD89 activation is beneficial in the treatment of various disorders associated with increases in neutrophils, such as autoimmune disorders, inflammatory disorders, NETosis, or cystic fibrosis.

Abstract: The use of a cross-passage packing made of a metal fabric relates to a method in which an exchange of material and/or of heat is carried out between a liquid stream and a gas or vapour stream. The fabric packing (1) used is composed of vertical layers (11?, 12?) which consist of corrugated or pleated metal fabrics (11, 12) which form flow passages (13). The gas or vapour stream flows in the flow passages and the liquid stream flows on the metal fabric. The flow passages of adjacent layers cross in an open manner. The angle between crossing passages is lower than approximately 100°. In this method, the fabric packing is acted on by a relatively small liquid loading. The metal fabric forms a carrier for the liquid stream that is largely free of holes or other apertures.

Abstract: The use of a cross-passage packing made of a metal fabric relates to a method in which an exchange of material and/or of heat is carried out between a liquid stream and a gas or vapour stream. The fabric packing (1) used is composed of vertical layers (11?, 12?) which consist of corrugated or pleated metal fabrics (11, 12) which form flow passages (13). The gas or vapour stream flows in the flow passages and the liquid stream flows on the metal fabric. The flow passages of adjacent layers cross in an open manner. The angle between crossing passages is lower than approximately 100°. In this method, the fabric packing is acted on by a relatively small liquid loading. The metal fabric forms a carrier for the liquid stream that is largely free of holes or other apertures.