Abstract: A backsheet stack for a photovoltaic module is disclosed. The photovoltaic module includes a laminate with embedded solar cells. The backsheet stack includes: an outer protective layer, an inner adhesion layer, at least one barrier layer, and at least one reinforcing layer. The outer protective layer is configured to provide protection from ultra-violet radiation. The inner adhesion layer is configured to provide adhesion to a laminate with embedded solar cells. The at least one barrier layer is formed between the outer protective layer and the inner adhesion layer and forms a sealing layer to moisture penetration. The at least one reinforcement layer is formed between the outer protective layer and the inner adhesion layer and provides mechanical stability for the backsheet stack.

Abstract: A solar module having at least two substring groups, each including an upper substring having solar cells connected in series and arranged in a matrix having two adjacent columns and a plurality of rows, and a lower substring having solar cells connected in series and arranged in a matrix having two adjacent columns and a plurality of rows. The lower and upper substrings include the same number of solar cells. A cross-connector interconnects the lower and upper substrings electrically in parallel forming the substring group. A bypass diode is arranged electrically in the cross-connector, and cross-connectors of each substring group are interconnected electrically in series. Two columns of the lower substring include a different number of solar cells and two columns of the upper substring include a different number of solar cells, such that the number of solar cells of the upper substring and of the lower substring is odd.

Abstract: A backsheet for a solar module having a sequence of layers one above the other in specified order, including: a polyvinyl fluoride layer; an adhesive layer arranged on the polyvinyl fluoride layer; a polymer core layer arranged on the adhesive layer; a further adhesive layer arranged on the polymer core layer; and a further polyvinyl fluoride layer. The polyvinyl fluoride layer is transparent and the adhesive layer and/or the further adhesive layer comprises a dye. Further, the invention relates to a solar module comprising such a backsheet. Furthermore, the invention relates to a use of a dye in an adhesive layer and a transparent polyvinyl fluoride layer for forming a backsheet of a solar module.

Abstract: A solar module having at least two substring groups, each including an upper substring having solar cells connected in series and arranged in a matrix having two adjacent columns and a plurality of rows, and a lower substring having solar cells connected in series and arranged in a matrix having two adjacent columns and a plurality of rows. The lower and upper substrings include the same number of solar cells. A cross-connector interconnects the lower and upper substrings electrically in parallel forming the substring group. A bypass diode is arranged electrically in the cross-connector, and cross-connectors of each substring group are interconnected electrically in series. Two columns of the lower substring include a different number of solar cells and two columns of the upper substring include a different number of solar cells, such that the number of solar cells of the upper substring and of the lower substring is odd.