Abstract: The present application relates to Dynamic Flow Control in beverage preparation machines, to dynamically regulate the flow rate of water supplied to brewing assemblies of professional espresso coffee machine so as to dynamically modify the coffee dispensing conditions, varying the organoleptic properties of the in-cup beverage accordingly.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an anti slip device (10) for a wheel (40) having a first side (40a), a second side (40b) and a tread (41). A securing arrangement (100) is used to secure the anti slip device (10) to the wheel (40). The securing arrangement (100) of the anti slip device (10) comprises a tensioning member (110) adapted to be foot operated by a user between a first position, in which the anti slip device (10) can be removed from the wheel (40), and a second position, in which the anti slip device (10) is substantially secured to the wheel (40). The present invention also relates to a method for operating the anti slip device (10).

Abstract: The present invention relates to an anti slip device (10) for a wheel (40) having a first side (40a), a second side (40b) and a tread (41). A securing arrangement (100) is used to secure the anti slip device (10) to the wheel (40). The securing arrangement (100) of the anti slip device (10) comprises a tensioning member (110) adapted to be foot operated by a user between a first position, in which the anti slip device (10) can be removed from the wheel (40), and a second position, in which the anti slip device (10) is substantially secured to the wheel (40). The present invention also relates to a method for operating the anti slip device (10).

Abstract: An anti-skid device (1) with mounting from the outside is described, comprising: a central hub (2) designed to be disposed to coincide with the wheel hub (101), a plurality of arms (20) protruding radially from the hub (2) and ending in terminal elements (21) designed to be disposed on the tyre tread, portions of chain (3) connected to the terminal elements (21) so as to form a ring on the tyre tread, an adapter device (5) adapted to be fixed to a wheel-fixing bolt (102) and carrying a tensioning strap (7) which passes through the hub (2) of the anti-skid device (1) to be tensioned by the user so as to move the hub (2) of the anti-skid device (1) towards the hub (101) of the wheel, a tensioning device (8) connected to the hub (2) of the anti-skid device (1), adapted to be operated by the user, to tension and to lock the tensioning strap (7).

Abstract: A snow chain (2) comprises an inner ring (3) designed to be closed on the side of the wheel destined to face toward the inside of the vehicle, an outer ring designed to be closed on the side of the wheel destined to face toward the outside of the vehicle and a series of portions of anti-skid chain (10, 10?) disposed on the tread of the tyre (1) of the wheel, which join the outer ring and the inner ring (3). The portions of chain (10, 10?) are chains with twisted links, connected to each other by means of joining elements (4) shaped as triangular links and connected to the inner ring (3) by means of an U-bolt connecting system (5).

Abstract: A snow chain (2) comprises an inner ring (3) designed to be closed on the side of the wheel destined to face toward the inside of the vehicle, an outer ring designed to be closed on the side of the wheel destined to face toward the outside of the vehicle and a series of portions of anti-skid chain (10, 10?) disposed on the tread of the tyre (1) of the wheel, which join the outer ring and the inner ring (3). The portions of chain (10, 10?) are chains with twisted links, connected to each other by means of joining elements (4) shaped as triangular links and connected to the inner ring (3) by means of an U-bolt connecting system (5).

Abstract: A non return block (5) for locking a tensioning terminal portion (7) of snow chains (2), comprising a body (51) which defines a channel (12) in which the terminal portion (7) passes and a ratchet or a pawl (13) pivoted on the body (51) to lock the terminal portion (7) is described. The non-return block comprises at least one insert (62, 63) of soft material fixed to the body (51) of the non-return block so as to protrude laterally therefrom to come into contact with the rim (8) of the wheel of the vehicle, avoiding deterioration thereof through rubbing.

Abstract: To fasten snow chains to vehicle wheels, an adapter device (100; 200; 300; 400) is used that can be fastened to at least one wheel bolt and comprises a body that is constructed to be connected to connection and installation elements of the snow chains. The adapter device comprises at least one magnet (120; 403) connected to its body which is applied to the head (130) of at least one wheel mounting bolt, so as to retain the body of the adapter device on the wheel by means of magnetic retention.

Abstract: To fasten snow chains to vehicle wheels, an adapter device (100; 200; 300; 400) is used that can be fastened to at least one wheel bolt and comprises a body whereon connection means able to be connected to connection and installation elements of the snow chains are provided. The adapter device comprises at least one magnet (120; 403) connected to its body and able to be applied to the head (130) of at least one wheel mounting bolt, so as to constrain the body of the adapter device to the wheel by means of magnetic retention.

Abstract: A releasing device for snow chains comprising an inner side portion (2) closable as a ring, suitable to be placed on an inner part of a tire (3), an outer side portion (4) suitable to be placed on an outer part of the tire (3), said portions being joined by variously composed elements (5) creating the tread traction, the releasing device comprising a closing device (8), for closure as a ring of the inner side portion (2) and an operating device (50), that can be operated by the user from the outside of the tire to open the closing device (8), the operating device (50) comprising protective members (53, 55) suitable to make it more stable and the closing device (8) being able to be opened manually even without the aid of the operating device.

Abstract: A releasing device for snow chains comprising an inner side portion (2) closable as a ring, suitable to be placed on an inner part of a tire (3), an outer side portion (4) suitable to be placed on an outer part of the tire (3), said portions being joined by variously composed elements (5) creating the tread traction, the releasing device comprising a closing device (8), for closure as a ring of the inner side portion (2) and an operating device (50), that can be operated by the user from the outside of the tire to open the closing device (8), the operating device (50) comprising protective means (53, 55) suitable to make it more stable and the closing device (8) being able to be opened manually even without the aid of the operating device.

Abstract: A sealed laser plasma tube for use in a gas laser system. A Brewster window seals one end of the tube (the cathode end, in a preferred embodiment), and an end mirror which seals the opposite tube end (the anode end, in a preferred embodiment). In a laser system embodying the invention, a second end mirror is positioned adjacent to, but spaced from, the Brewster window. Intra-cavity elements may conveniently be inserted and replaced in the region between the sealed Brewster window and the second end mirror. The sealed mirror which seals the tube end opposite the window is preferably coated with at least an outermost layer of Hafnium oxide, to protect it from hard UV radiation originating within the plasma tube. The inventors have recognized that the problem of sealed window degradation is substantially less severe at the cathode end of an ion laser plasma tube, and that the sealed window should be attached at the tube end at which the window degradation problem is less severe.