Abstract: A measured signal amplifier (1) amplifies an EMG sensor signal (E). The measured signal amplifier (1) includes a sensor interface (2) for receiving the EMG sensor signal (E), at least one device interface (3) for receiving an electrical energy signal as well as for transmitting a processed signal (V), an electrically chargeable energy storage device (4) and at least one computer (5). The computer (5) is configured to derive a processed signal (V) from the EMG sensor signal (E) and to control the charging of the energy storage device (4) by the electrical energy signal as a function of the EMG sensor signal (E) received from the sensor interface (2).

Abstract: A device for detecting electric potentials of the body of a patient has measuring electrode inputs (Y1, . . . , Yn) connected with and a plurality of outputs (A1, . . . , An) via amplifiers (Op1, . . . , Opn). A summing unit (13) is connected with the outputs and outputs a mean value of the signals (E1, . . . , En) output by the amplifiers. Common mode signals are removed from the signals (E1, . . . , En) by a subtracting unit (19) which subtracts the output of the summing unit, amplified by an amplification factor (1/?), from at least a portion of the output of the subtracting unit. The output of the subtracting unit is connected with the inputs of the amplifiers. The subtracting unit amplification factor (1/?) and an amplification (??) of the amplifiers for the output of the subtracting unit are adapted, such that the reciprocal value of the amplification factor (1/?) corresponds to the amplifiers amplification (??).

Abstract: A device, for the pressure-supported or pressure-controlled ventilation of a patient with reduced spontaneous breathing, has a ventilator unit to supply a breathing air flow composed of cyclical ventilation strokes and a control unit generating a control signal to set a pressure and/or a volume flow of the breathing air flow. An EMG unit generates an EMG signal, which may be used as a basis for generating the control signal as a function of a breath of the patient. A unit for analyzing an EMG signal is provided, which analyzes at least one EMG signal recorded during an already concluded breath of the patient. The control unit is configured such that the ventilator unit control signal can be generated, at least at times, by taking into account the analysis of the EMG signal recorded during an already concluded breath of the patient.

Abstract: A filter apparatus (100) having a signal input (101) to which an input signal is applied which contains a useful component and a noise component, a fast signal path (102) and a slow signal path (103) arranged in parallel therewith. The fast signal path and the slow signal path are coupled to the signal input. The fast signal path contains a filter in order to prompt fast filtering of the input signal. The slow signal path contains a filter in order to prompt slow filtering of the input signal. An output of the slow signal path is coupled to the fast signal path by means of a signal line (106). A signal output (104) which is coupled to the fast signal path has an output signal applied to it which essentially contains useful components of the input signal.

Abstract: A ventilator control signaling method includes recording an electromyogram signal of values following one another in time and transforming the electromyogram signal into an evaluation signal by applying an evaluation function. An evaluation signal value is assigned to a signal value of the electromyogram signal in the transformation. The evaluation function is determined by a main parameter set that defines which signal value of the evaluation signal is assigned to a particular signal value of the electromyogram signal when the evaluation function is applied in the transformation. A signal value height of the evaluation signal indicates whether the electromyogram signal corresponds to a first state or a second state. A control signal is generated from signal values and is set to switch a ventilator to an inhalation or an exhalation operating mode depending on the state of the evaluation signal. A ventilator is configured to perform the method.

Abstract: A device for detecting electric potentials includes a plurality of measuring inputs (9) for connecting to measuring electrodes (11), which can be placed on the body of a patient (3), a plurality of measuring amplifiers (Op1, . . . , OpN), and a potential output (27) for connecting to an additional electrode (31), which can be placed on the body of the patient (3), to which a preset voltage can be applied. A summing unit (17) sends a signal, which is an indicator of the mean value of the signals sent by the measuring amplifiers (Op1, . . . , OpN). A current-measuring device (29) sends a current signal, which is proportional to the current flowing through the potential output. An analyzing unit (35) is connected to receive a potential output voltage signal, the summing unit output (19) signal and the current-measuring device signal. The analyzing unit is configured to generate an impedance signal from the fed signals.

Abstract: A device detects electric potentials with measuring inputs (7) for connection to measuring electrodes (9), which can be placed on the body of a patient (3). Measuring amplifiers (Op1, . . . , OpN) have a first and a second input as well as an output (11). A summing unit (13, 23) is connected to the outputs of the measuring amplifiers and sends a signal proportional to a mean value of the signals of the outputs of the measuring amplifiers to an output (15, 17) of the summing unit. Each of the measuring inputs is connected to a first input of a measuring amplifier. The second input of each measuring amplifier is connected to the output (17) of the summing unit. A potential output (19) connects to an electrode and to an output of a further amplifier Opc), with an input connected to the output (15) of the summing unit.

Abstract: A process for automatic control of a respirator changes between two phases of respiration by checking a detected respiratory breathing activity signal for a threshold criterion. If the threshold criterion is met, a changeover is made.

Abstract: An EMG measuring system has a signal processing unit (8) and with at least one electrode (4) for measuring a potential difference in a muscle, a muscle fiber or in a skin area of a patient. At least one measured signal representing the potential difference is transmitted from the electrode (4) to the signal processing unit (8). Another signal, which is transmitted to the at least one external device (9), is generated in the signal processing unit (8) on the basis of this measured signal. A signal transmitted from the at least one external device (9) is processed by the signal processing unit (8) and at least one control signal is generated on the basis of this signal.

Abstract: A respirator or anesthesia system for respirating a patient (20) includes a gas delivery device (3); at least one gas line (4) for forming a breathing air line system, especially a breathing air circulation system; at least one EMG sensor for detecting the electromyographic muscle activity of the respiratory muscles of a patient (20) being respirated; and a control (9) for controlling and/or regulating the output of the gas delivery device (3) as a function of the detected muscle activity of the respiratory muscles. An adaptation of the part of respiration to the performance capacity of the respiratory muscles of the patient (20) being respirated is made possible without invasive measurement of the electromyographic activity of the respiratory muscles by the at least one EMG sensor being an sEMG sensor (6).

Abstract: A method is provided for automatically controlling a ventilation or breathing system with a ventilation unit (7), which is controlled by a control unit (5), in order to deliver an assist pressure preset by the control unit, wherein the current values of the tidal volume flow Flow(t) and those of the volume V(t) are detected in the control unit. The control unit (5) may carry out a proportionally assisting ventilation method (PAV: Proportional Assist Ventilation) by a factor for a degree of compensation (PPSp) being selected by the control unit and by the parameters for the volume assist (VA) and the flow assist (FA) being determined by: VA=PPSp·?E FA=PPSp·?R, wherein ?E is the deviation of a measured or assumed elastance (Emeasured) of the patient from an ideal elastance (Eideal) and ?R is the deviation of a measured or assumed resistance (Rmeasured) of the patient from an ideal resistance (Rideal).

Abstract: A process is provided for the automatic control of a respirator for changing over (triggering) between consecutive phases of respiration (inspiration and expiration phases), wherein a pneumatic breathing activity signal upneu(t) and a non-pneumatic breathing activity signal unon-pneu(t) of a patient are picked up. The intervals ?pneu(t) and ?non-pneu(t) to the associated threshold variables are respectively determined starting from a preset reference point in time since the beginning of the present phase of respiration. The intervals are standardized to one another at ?pneu(t) and ?non-pneu(t), such that the intervals have equal interval values at a preset reference point in time. The standardized intervals ?pneu(t) and ?non-pneu(t) are averaged to a mean interval indicator and a changeover is made into the next phase of respiration when the combined interval indicator is 0.

Abstract: A sensor device for the electromyographic recording of muscle signals on the skin of a living body includes at least two recording electrodes and an earth electrode. The electrodes have a common carrier layer that has at least one perforation at which the carrier layer can be separated. After the separation of the carrier layer at the perforation, each electrode is located separately on a separated part of the carrier layer. Further, the sensor device includes at least one shielded cable, one end of which is connected to one of the electrodes and the other end of which is connected to a contact element. The contact element can be connected to an evaluation unit by means of a connecting element such that signals can be transmitted to the evaluation unit.

Abstract: A filter apparatus (100) having a signal input (101) to which an input signal is applied which contains a useful component and a noise component, a fast signal path (102) and a slow signal path (103) arranged in parallel therewith. The fast signal path and the slow signal path are coupled to the signal input. The fast signal path contains a filter in order to prompt fast filtering of the input signal. The slow signal path contains a filter in order to prompt slow filtering of the input signal. An output of the slow signal path is coupled to the fast signal path by means of a signal line (106). A signal output (104) which is coupled to the fast signal path has an output signal applied to it which essentially contains useful components of the input signal.

Abstract: A device for supplying a patient with breathing gas, in which an initially high initial pressure Paw(t=0) applied from the outside is automatically lowered by means of a control circuit to a lower inspiratory pressure Paw(t) as soon as a pulmonary internal pressure Plung(t) threatens to exceed a predetermined pulmonary target pressure Plung,soll. Overinflation of the lungs due to the respiration is thus ruled out according to the present invention. The device permits, moreover, rapid filling of the lungs with breathing gas and makes thus possible a comparatively long phase of expiration. A process is also provided for regulating a respirator and for respirating a patient.

Abstract: Operating a respirator with an inspiration pressure-vs.-time curve (1), which has an airway target pressure (paw—target) and a PEEP (3), in which the inspiration pressure-vs.-time curve (1) reaches the airway target pressure (paw—target) on a ramp-like curve (17) starting from a starting airway pressure (paw—Start), which is greater than the PEEP (3).

Abstract: A process and a device are provided for monitoring the status of the body fluids of a person. The device includes a piece of clothing with ventilating ducts, a first temperature sensor (6) and a first moisture sensor (11) for measuring the inlet flow (7) into the piece of clothing and a second temperature sensor (17) and a second moisture sensor (12) for measuring the outlet flow (10) from the piece of clothing. A pressure sensor (13) is provided sensing pressure in the inlet flow. A fan (5) or a compressed-air source is provided for transporting the cooling air into the piece of clothing. A measuring and analyzing unit (14) is connected to the sensors and the fan (5) or the compressed-air source.

Abstract: A process for the automatic control of a respirator with a changeover between phases of respiration (inspiration and expiration), by a control unit checking a breathing activity signal for a threshold criterion. If the threshold criterion is met, a changeover is made and the control unit controls the fan of the respirator such that a pneumatic respiration variable (airway pressure, flow) is brought from an actual value to a preset target value for the new phase of respiration. The control unit further divides the change in the respiration variable, from the actual value to the target value, into a plurality of partial steps and checks the current breathing activity signal for the threshold criterion after each partial step. If this threshold criterion is no longer met, the state of operation of the respirator returns to the state before the last changeover, and otherwise, continues with the next partial step.

Abstract: A process is provided for the automatic control of a respirator for changing over (triggering) between consecutive phases of respiration (inspiration and expiration phases), wherein a pneumatic breathing activity signal upneu(t) and a non-pneumatic breathing activity signal unon-pneu(t) of a patient are picked up. The intervals ?pneu(t) and ?non-pneu(t) to the associated threshold variables are respectively determined starting from a preset reference point in time since the beginning of the present phase of respiration. The intervals are standardized to one another at ?pneu(t) and ?non-pneu(t), such that the intervals have equal interval values at a preset reference point in time. The standardized intervals ?pneu(t) and ?non-pneu(t) are averaged to a mean interval indicator and a changeover is made into the next phase of respiration when the combined interval indicator is 0.

Abstract: A process for automatic control of a respirator changes between two phases of respiration by checking a detected respiratory breathing activity signal for a threshold criterion. If the threshold criterion is met, a changeover is made. A dynamic threshold curve, used for changing over into an inspiration phase, is held, after the beginning of the present expiration phase, at high values until the end of a selected inspiratory refractory period, and is then lowered monotonically, dropping to an inspiratory threshold target value at the expected point in time of the phase duration maximum of the present expiration phase.