Abstract: A production method for a crystal of a crystalline protein, the method including a step of inducing expression of a crystalline protein in Escherichia coli into which an expression construct of the crystalline protein has been introduced, and incubating the Escherichia coli for a predetermined time until a crystal of the crystalline protein is formed inside the Escherichia coli, and a crystal structure analysis method including a step of subjecting a crystal produced by the above-described production method to an X-ray crystal structure analysis together with the Escherichia coli, are useful as technologies for conveniently producing and analyzing a crystal of a protein.

Abstract: Provided is a three-dimensional object formation method for forming a three-dimensional object by at least repeating: forming a powder material layer using a powder material for three-dimensional object formation containing a base material coated with an organic material; and hardening a predetermined region of the powder material layer by delivering a hardening liquid to the powder material layer formed in the formation of a powder material layer, where the hardening liquid contains a cross-linking agent cross-linkable with the organic material.

Abstract: This method for producing a protein crystal includes: a step (a) for adding, to a protein synthesis system, a nucleic acid that encodes crystalline protein; and a step (b) for incubating the protein synthesis system during the predetermined time until the crystalline protein encoded by the added nucleic acid is expressed and the expressed crystalline protein completes the formation of crystals, wherein the protein synthesis system is a cell-free protein synthesis system.

Abstract: Provided is a three-dimensional object formation method for forming a three-dimensional object by at least repeating: forming a powder material layer using a powder material for three-dimensional object formation containing a base material coated with an organic material; and hardening a predetermined region of the powder material layer by delivering a hardening liquid to the powder material layer formed in the formation of a powder material layer, where the hardening liquid contains a cross-linking agent cross-linkable with the organic material.

Abstract: Provided is a three-dimensional object formation method for forming a three-dimensional object by at least repeating: forming a powder material layer using a powder material for three-dimensional object formation containing a base material coated with an organic material; and hardening a predetermined region of the powder material layer by delivering a hardening liquid to the powder material layer formed in the formation of a powder material layer, where the hardening liquid contains a cross-linking agent cross-linkable with the organic material.

Abstract: Provided is a liquid material for forming a three-dimensional object. The liquid material is adapted to harden a powder material for forming a three-dimensional object containing an organic material. The liquid material contains a solvent and a cross-linking agent. A dynamic contact angle of the liquid material over a film made of the organic material is from 20° to 80°.

Abstract: Provided is a liquid material for forming a three-dimensional object, the liquid material adapted to be delivered to a powder material for forming a three-dimensional object to harden the powder material, the powder material containing an organic material and a base material, the liquid material including a cross-linking agent cross-linkable with the organic material and a resin having a glass transition temperature of 50° C. or higher or a melting point of 50° C. or higher.

Abstract: To provide an ink, which contains: water; a pigment; and a first water-soluble organic solvent, wherein the first water-soluble organic solvent contains a water-soluble organic solvent (G) having a boiling point of 280° C. to 300° C., a water-soluble organic solvent (X) having a boiling point of 180° C. to 190° C., and a water-soluble organic solvent (Y) having a boiling point of 190° C. to 200° C., wherein the first water-soluble organic solvent contains a water-soluble organic solvent (G) having a boiling point of 280° C. to 300° C., a water-soluble organic solvent (X) having a boiling point of 180° C. to 190° C., and a water-soluble organic solvent (Y) having a boiling point of 190° C. to 200° C., wherein the ink satisfies the following formulae: 24?X?40 2?X/Y?20 where X [% by mass] is an amount of the water-soluble organic solvent (X), and Y [% by mass] is an amount of the water-soluble organic solvent (Y).

Abstract: An inkjet recording method includes forming an image on a coated layer provided at least one side of the substrate of a recording medium with ink containing a colorant; and then applying a post-processing fluid comprising a resin to the image; wherein the application amount per unit area of the post-processing fluid to the image is controlled to be less than the application amount per unit area of the ink to form the image.

Abstract: Provided is a three-dimensional object formation method for forming a three-dimensional object by at least repeating: forming a powder material layer using a powder material for three-dimensional object formation containing a base material coated with an organic material; and hardening a predetermined region of the powder material layer by delivering a hardening liquid to the powder material layer formed in the formation of a powder material layer, where the hardening liquid contains a cross-linking agent cross-linkable with the organic material.

Abstract: Provided is a liquid material for forming a three-dimensional object, the liquid material adapted to be delivered to a powder material for forming a three-dimensional object to harden the powder material, the powder material containing an organic material and a base material, the liquid material including a cross-linking agent cross-linkable with the organic material and a resin having a glass transition temperature of 50° C. or higher or a melting point of 50° C. or higher.

Abstract: An inkjet recording method performed by inkjet recording device including nozzle plate with nozzle to eject droplets of ink; recording head including liquid chamber with which the nozzle is in communication, and pressure-generating unit configured to generate pressure in the liquid chamber; and signal-generating unit configured to generate signal applied to the pressure-generating unit, and allowing the droplets of ink to eject by pressure generated by the pressure-generating unit according to the signal, wherein the ink has static surface tension of 18.0 mN/m to 27.0 mN/m at 25° C., the ink has receding contact angle on the nozzle plate of 50° or more, the signal has two-step pull pulse for pulling the ink into the nozzle in two-step manner within one printing unit cycle, and the method includes pulling the ink located in proximity to nozzle outlet into the nozzle of the two-step pull pulse, to form meniscus at predetermined position.

Abstract: Provided is a liquid material for forming a three-dimensional object. The liquid material is adapted to harden a powder material for forming a three-dimensional object containing an organic material. The liquid material contains a solvent and a cross-linking agent. A dynamic contact angle of the liquid material over a film made of the organic material is from 20° to 80°.

Abstract: An inkjet recording method, containing: applying a stimulus to an inkjet recording ink to jet the ink, to form an image on a recording medium, wherein the ink contains water, a water-soluble organic solvent, a colorant, and a surfactant, and has a predetermined surface life time as measured by a maximum bubble pressure method and a predetermined static surface tension, wherein the recording medium contains a support, and a recording layer provided at least one surface of the support, where the recording layer contains a cationic resin in a predetermined amount, and is a medium for a concealing postcard where the recording medium is folded to bond a surface of the recording layer to face each other with an adhesive after information is recorded on the surface of the recording layer, in which the surface of the recording layer has a predetermined 10-sec Cobb size degree.

Abstract: Ink containing a pigment, an alcohol alkoxylate-based surfactant, a water-soluble organic solvent, water, and a dispersion agent represented by the following chemical structure 1, wherein the ink has a dynamic surface tension of 36 mN/m or less when the life of foam at 25° C. as measured by the maximum bubble pressure technique is 15 msec: where R1 represents an alkyl group having one to four carbon atoms, an aryl group, and an aralkyl group having one to eight carbon atoms, L represents zero or an integer of from 1 to 7, and n represents an integer of from 20 to 80.

Abstract: A howling suppression device includes a subtractor which subtracts a pseudo feedback signal from an input signal; an adaptive filter which produces a pseudo feedback signal for a next input signal; and a coefficient update control unit which controls an update rate of a filter coefficient of the adaptive filter and includes: a level calculation unit which calculates a signal level of the input signal; a signal-rising-edge detection unit which detects a rising-edge point; a reverberation section detection unit which detects a reverberation section; and an update rate control unit which sets the update rate to a first rate in the reverberation section and to a second rate in other sections. The adaptive filter updates the filter coefficient at the update rate set by the update rate control unit.

Abstract: Ink containing a pigment, an alcohol alkoxylate-based surfactant, a water-soluble organic solvent, water, and a dispersion agent represented by the following chemical structure 1, wherein the ink has a dynamic surface tension of 36 mN/m or less when the life of foam at 25° C. as measured by the maximum bubble pressure technique is 15 msec: where R1 represents an alkyl group having one to four carbon atoms, an aryl group, and an aralkyl group having one to eight carbon atoms, L represents zero or an integer of from 1 to 7, and n represents an integer of from 20 to 80.

Abstract: An inkjet recording method is performed using an inkjet recording device including a recording head provided with a nozzle, a pressure chamber, a pressure generator and a driving signal generator, the method satisfying the following requirements (1) and (2): (1) it is required to use aqueous ink having a dynamic surface tension larger by 10 mN/m or more than a static surface tension when the surface life measured at 25° C. by a maximum foaming pressure method is 15 ms and a dynamic surface tension larger by 5 mN/m or more than a static surface tension when the surface life measured by a maximum foaming pressure method is 1500 ms and (2) it is required that the signals have a drawing pulse in one print period and a meniscus of the aqueous ink is drawn into the nozzle in two stages by the drawing pulse.

Abstract: An inkjet recording method is performed using an inkjet recording device including a recording head provided with a nozzle, a pressure chamber, a pressure generator and a driving signal generator, the method satisfying the following requirements (1) and (2): (1) it is required to use aqueous ink having a dynamic surface tension larger by 10 mN/m or more than a static surface tension when the surface life measured at 25° C. by a maximum foaming pressure method is 15 ms and a dynamic surface tension larger by 5 mN/m or more than a static surface tension when the surface life measured by a maximum foaming pressure method is 1500 ms and (2) it is required that the signals have a drawing pulse in one print period and a meniscus of the aqueous ink is drawn into the nozzle in two stages by the drawing pulse.

Abstract: An ink jet recording method including attaching a liquid dispersant in which an amphoteric polymer containing a core portion having a cation group and a shell portion having an anion group that covers the core portion is dispersed in a dispersing medium to a recording medium and discharging and attaching cationic ink containing a coloring material and water to the surface of the recording medium to which the liquid dispersant is attached.