Abstract: A closed rotatable extraction system includes at least two tubes where one tube accepts an extractable material, and the system can be evacuated through a valve in the system. At least one conduit comprises at least one flexible hose, bent ridged pipe, t-pipe, curved pipe, or any combination thereof. At least one valve that when open allows evacuation of the system, and optionally for introduction of a solvent for extraction. When the at least one valve is closed a solvent vapor atmosphere is defined as almost exclusively or exclusively the solvent vapor and has a gas pressure that is about the solvents vapor pressure or less in the closed rotatable extraction system. The closed rotatable extraction system or a portion thereof can involve a first rotation orientation for liquid transfer and a second orientation for a vapor transfer.

Abstract: Continuous extraction units (CEUs) are constructed that allow switching of extraction chambers (ECs) that contain extractable material (EM) and extract solution. Extraction chambers can be removable and replaceable, where the CEU has a fluid flow portion and a liquid transfer portion. Quick-connect valves allow exchange of ECs in the CEU while under flow without solvent loss. Alternatively, the CEU employs pairs of ECs where a first EC at equilibrium partitioning of an extract solution drains to an expansion chamber (EXC) with an expansion valve (EV) and a heat transfer tube situated proximal to or shared with a solvent condenser (SC) to form of a double phase change heat exchanger (HE). Solvent from the SC fills a paired EC containing EM. A second pair of ECs has a first EC with EM and solvent establishing equilibrium and a second EC that is emptied of spent EM, filled with fresh EM, and readied to receive solvent.

Abstract: Continuous extraction units (CEUs) are constructed that allow switching of extraction chambers (ECs) that contain extractable material (EM) and extract solution. Extraction chambers can be removable and replaceable, where the CEU has a fluid flow portion and a liquid transfer portion. Quick-connect valves allow exchange of ECs in the CEU while under flow without solvent loss. Alternatively, the CEU employs pairs of ECs where a first EC at equilibrium partitioning of an extract solution drains to an expansion chamber (EXC) with an expansion valve (EV) and a heat transfer tube situated proximal to or shared with a solvent condenser (SC) to form of a double phase change heat exchanger (HE). Solvent from the SC fills a paired EC containing EM. A second pair of ECs has a first EC with EM and solvent establishing equilibrium and a second EC that is emptied of spent EM, filled with fresh EM, and readied to receive solvent.

Abstract: Continuous extraction concentration and isolation units are constructed with at least one extraction chambers containing extractable material. Without disruption of total fluid flow in the unit: an extraction chamber completely depleted of extract can be refilled with fresh extractable material or can be replaced with an extraction chamber containing fresh extractable material. Extract are continuously separated from one or more solvents in expansion chambers and removed. All solvents can be retained within the unit. One or more compressors circulate the fluids through the extraction chambers, the expansion chamber, and a condenser, where the expansion chamber and the condenser can be coupled as a heat exchanger. One or more isolators can be included for selectively removing components that are extracted from the plant material without disruption of the process and provide the removed components in concentrated or pure form.

Abstract: Continuous extraction concentration and isolation units are constructed with at least one extraction chambers containing extractable material. Without disruption of total fluid flow in the unit: an extraction chamber completely depleted of extract can be refilled with fresh extractable material or can be replaced with an extraction chamber containing fresh extractable material. Extract are continuously separated from one or more solvents in expansion chambers and removed. All solvents can be retained within the unit. One or more compressors circulate the fluids through the extraction chambers, the expansion chamber, and a condenser, where the expansion chamber and the condenser can be coupled as a heat exchanger. One or more isolators can be included for selectively removing components that are extracted from the plant material without disruption of the process and provide the removed components in concentrated or pure form.

Abstract: Extraction units are constructed having at least one extraction chamber containing extractable material. The extract is continuously separated from the solvent in an expansion chamber where it is continuously or periodically removed from the unit. One or more means for fluid flow can be used to circulate the fluid through the extraction chambers and the expansion chamber, where the expansion chamber and a condenser or the output of the means for fluid flow are coupled as a heat exchanger.

Abstract: Extraction units are constructed having at least one extraction chamber containing extractable material. The extract is continuously separated from the solvent in an expansion chamber where it is continuously or periodically removed from the unit. One or more means for fluid flow can be used to circulate the fluid through the extraction chambers and the expansion chamber, where the expansion chamber and a condenser or the output of the means for fluid flow are coupled as a heat exchanger.

Abstract: Continuous extraction units are constructed having a plurality of extraction chambers containing extractable material. Without disruption of total fluid flow in the unit: an extraction chamber completely depleted of extract can be evacuated of solvent and replaced with an extraction chamber containing fresh extractable material. The extract is continuously separated from the solvent in an expansion chamber where it is continuously or periodically removed from the unit. All solvent can be retained within the unit. One or more compressors can be used to circulate the fluid through the extraction chambers, the expansion chamber, and a condenser, where the expansion chamber and the condenser can be coupled as a heat exchanger.

Abstract: Continuous extraction units are constructed having a plurality of extraction chambers containing extractable material. Without disruption of total fluid flow in the unit: an extraction chamber completely depleted of extract can be evacuated of solvent and replaced with an extraction chamber containing fresh extractable material. The extract is continuously separated from the solvent in an expansion chamber where it is continuously or periodically removed from the unit. All solvent can be retained within the unit. One or more compressors can be used to circulate the fluid through the extraction chambers, the expansion chamber, and a condenser, where the expansion chamber and the condenser can be coupled as a heat exchanger.

Abstract: Alkylmethylsiloxane-dimethylsiloxane polyalkylene oxide copolymers useful as surfactants for both oil-in-water emulsions and silicone-in-water emulsions are disclosed.

Abstract: Compositions of unstrained perfluorinated organo substituted cyclosiloxanes of formula (I): ##STR1## wherein m is an integer of 1 to 12; n is an integer of 1 to 4; X is a divalent radical which may include O, NH, N(CH.sub.3), OC(O), NHC(O), N(CH.sub.3)C(O)CH.sub.2 ; and R.sup.F is a perfluorinated straight chain or branched chain monovalent alkyl radical of 1 to 25 carbon atoms; or R.sup.F is a perfluorinated ether radical of the general formula (II): ##STR2## wherein p is an integer of 1 to 10 are described, along with copolymer compositions prepared from these cyclopolysiloxanes and from mixtures of these cyclosiloxanes and other siloxanes.

Abstract: The invention provides high purity 3-aminopropylmethylsiloxanes of the general formulae: ##STR1## wherein each R may be the same or different aryl group, or monovalent straight or branched chain alkyl group having from 1 to about 18 carbon atoms, Me is methyl, and x may range from about 3 to about 5, the process comprisinghydrosilylating allylamine with a monohydridomethylsiloxane of the general formulae: ##STR2## wherein each R may be the same or different aryl group, or monovalent straight or branched chain alkyl group with 1 to about 18 carbon atoms, and x may range from about 3 to about 5, in the presence of a neutral platinum catalyst.

Abstract: Compositions of unstrained perfluorinated ether organo substituted cyclosiloxanes of formula (I): ##STR1## wherein m is an integer of 1 to 12; n is an integer of 1 to 4; X is a divalent radical which may include O, NH, N(CH.sub.3), OC(O), NHC(O), N(CH.sub.3)C(O)CH.sub.2 ; and R.sup.F is a perfluorinated ether radical of the general formula (II): ##STR2## wherein p is an integer of 1 to 10 are described, along with copolymer compositions prepared from these cyclopolysiloxanes and from mixtures of these cyclosiloxanes and other siloxanes.

Abstract: Compositions of Formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R is a group selected in accordance with an intended application; R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are protecting groups; and P is a substrate are provided. Methods of producing these compositions are also provided.

Abstract: A composition curable to a thermally reversible rubber comprises(i) a strong acid catalyst having a pK.sub.a of less than about -9,(ii) at least one polycyclosiloxane containing at least one polyfunctional siloxane unit, and(iii) at least one polysiloxane selected from the group consisting of a linear polydimethylsiloxane; a polydimethylcyclosiloxane containing from about 6 to about 50 silicon-oxygen bonds; a linear or cyclic block copolymer of polydimethylsiloxane and a non-siloxane organic polymer; and a linear or cyclic random copolymer of a siloxane of the formula Si(R)(R.sup.1)O wherein R and R.sup.1 are different and are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 hydrocarbon and C.sub.2 -C.sub.18 hydroxyalkyl,wherein the catalyst comprises from about 0.05 to about 0.5 wt % of the composition, and the concentration of polyfunctional siloxane units is at least about two times the catalyst concentration in the composition, but no more than about 0.27 molar.

Abstract: Particulate fillers containing Si-OH groups are functionalized by treatment with a silica bonding agent. The treated particles are effectively polyfunctional, and may be used to prepare highly filled, cross-linked organopolysiloxane networks without the need for additional cross-linking agents. The functionalized particles are highly compatible with silicone fluids, particularly cyclosiloxane fluids. Compositions curable to such filled, cross-linked networks comprise the bonding agent-functionalized particles, a curable organopolysiloxane, and a catalyst for curing the organopolysiloxane.

Abstract: A composition curable to a thermally reversible rubber comprises(i) a strong acid catalyst having a pK.sub.a of less than about -9,(ii) at least one polycyclosiloxane containing at least one polyfunctional siloxane unit, and(iii) at least one polysiloxane selected from the group consisting of a linear polydimethylsiloxane; a polydimethylcyclosiloxane containing from about 6 to about 50 silicon-oxygen bonds; a linear or cyclic block copolymer of polydimethylsiloxane and a non-siloxane organic polymer; and a linear or cyclic random copolymer of a siloxane of the formula Si(R)(R.sup.1)O wherein R and R.sup.1 are different and are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 hydrocarbon and C.sub.2 -C.sub.18 hydroxyalkyl,wherein the catalyst comprises from about 0.05 to about 0.5 wt % of the composition, and the concentration of polyfunctional siloxane units is at least about two times the catalyst concentration in the composition, but no more than about 0.27 molar.

Abstract: The molecular weight distribution of polydimethylsiloxane-.alpha., .omega.-diol fluids is reduced by contacting the fluid with an alkaline earth metal hydride or hydroxide. Molecular weight distributions lower than Poisson distributions may be obtained. The resulting monodispersed polydimethylsiloxane.alpha., .omega.-diol fluids may be substituted by reaction with common silanating reagents to prepare telechelic polydimethylsiloxanes which are nearly monodispersed.

Abstract: Cyclosiloxanes are produced by the acid-catalyzed redistribution of siloxane bonds in polysiloxane fluids at a temperature of about 20-200.degree. C. Little catalyst and no water or solvent is required. Cyclosiloxane product mixtures contain .ltoreq.1 wt. % cyclosiloxane species having more than 18 silicon-oxygen bonds, and .ltoreq.0.5 wt. % cyclosiloxanes having 6 or fewer silicon-oxygen bonds, based upon the weight of the product mixture. The process may be carried out in continuous fashion where redistribution is carried out simultaneously with the stripping of cyclics from the equilibration mixture.

Abstract: A method is provided for the acidic equilibration of aromatic organic-substituted siloxanes, such as diphthalic anhydrode tetraorganicsiloxane with poly(aliphatic organicsiloxane) without significant cleavage of carbon-silicon-bonded aromatic organic radicals. A reduction in the generation of aromatic organic compounds, such as phthalic anhydride, can be achieved by effecting equilibration by adding the aromatic organic-substituted siloxane to a preformed mixture of acid-catalyzed poly(aliphatic organicsiloxane).