Abstract: Provided according to embodiments of the present invention are Hand Hygiene Compliance Confirmation Systems (HHCCS) that include a Hand Hygiene Composition Dispenser (HHCD); a Hand Hygiene Composition Dispenser Monitor (HHCDM) and a Hand Hygiene Compliance Monitor (HHCM). In some embodiments, the HHCDM detects when said HHCD dispenses Hand Hygiene Composition (HHC) and signals said HHCM to start a clock so that if the hands of a person are presented to said HHCM within a pre-defined period of time from the time that said HHCDM sends said signal to said HHCM, said HHCM sends a signal to at least one display to indicate hand hygiene compliance, referred to as a Green Light Condition or GLC. Related apparatus and methods are also provided.

Abstract: A Hand Hygiene Compliance Confirmation System (HHCCS) is disclosed for confirmation of compliance with Hand Hygiene Compliance Procedures (HHCPs) with minimized Response Time (RT) delay.

Abstract: An apparatus for concentrating a vaporous substance, which comprises: a sorbent material capable of capturing a vaporous substance; a first housing in which the sorbent material is located, a heating element proximate the exterior of the housing; a second housing defining a chamber within which the first housing resides, the first housing being located in said chamber such that there is a space permitting gas flow between the outside of the first housing and the inside of the second housing; and a pump capable of causing an exhaust gas to flow through the space in contact with the outside of the first housing; and methods for making and utilizing such apparatus.

Abstract: Apparatus for concentrating a vaporous substance, which comprises: a sorbent material capable of capturing said vaporous substance; a first housing in which the sorbent material is located, which housing is metallic and has an inlet port and an outlet port, said housing being fitted with a heating element proximate the exterior of the housing, which heating element is capable when activated of delivering an amount of heat energy to a zone within the interior volume of the housing, the amount of said heat energy being sufficient to effect release of said substance captured by the sorbent material; at least one metallic screen element welded to the interior surface of said first housing, said screen element holding the sorbent material in position within the housing between the inlet and outlet ports and in said zone; a second housing defining a chamber within which the first housing resides, the first housing being located in said chamber such that there is a space permitting gas flow between the outside of th