Abstract: A three way lighting unit is provided for insertion in a lighting socket. The unit includes first and second lamps for selectively providing either wider area illumination of a first intensity and/or narrower area illumination of a second intensity. The first intensity is a lower intensity and the second intensity is a higher intensity in response to a concurrent energizing of the first and second lamps by a three-way switch.

Abstract: A halogen lamp includes a mains base and a converter operably connected to the mains base. The converter has a lamp socket, a toroid transformer, and a heat sink disposed within a center opening of the toroid transformer. A lamp is removably disposed in the lamp socket. The converter has a power density between 0.75 and 3.75 Watts/cm3. In an alternate embodiment, the halogen lamp includes a low voltage, low pressure IRC lamp operably connected to the converter.

Abstract: A single end incandescent halogen bulb has an envelope (112) having a sealed cavity (114) containing a halide material, a pich or press seal (110) at one end, and a coiled wire filament (100) disposed in the sealed cavity (114). Filament legs (102, 104) comprise portions of the coiled wire filament (100) that have been drawn out straight so as to have a diameter which is approximately the same as a diameter of a wire from which filament (100) is formed. A first current supply (106) wire extends through the press seal (110) into the sealed cavity. This first wire (106) has a first clamp (118) formed at a terminal end thereof. The first clamp (118) clamps a first filament (102) leg to establish a first electrical connection and suspend the filament (100) in the sealed cavity (114). A second current supply wire (108) extends into and terminates within the press seal (110). This second wire (108) has a second clamp (116) which clamps a second filament leg (104) to establish a second electrical connection.

Abstract: A halogen lamp (28) includes a mains base (34); a converter (32) operably connected to the mains base (34), the converter (32) having a lamp socket (38); and a lamp (36) removably disposed in the lamp socket (38); wherein the converter (32) has a power density between 0.75 and 3.75 Watts/cm3. In an alternate embodiment, the halogen lamp (28) includes a mains base (34), a converter (32) operably connected to the mains base (34), and a low voltage, low pressure IRC lamp (36) operably connected to the converter (32).

Abstract: A light source(10) includes a bulb (14) having a pair of outer leads (16,17) extending therefrom in parallel and sealed directly in the glass stem (22), whereby the outer leads (16,17) and the input leads in the glass stem (22) are the same. A protective shroud (30) surrounding the light source (10) may be supported by a metal member (40) welded to one of the leads between the stem (22) and the light source (10). The metal member carries a strap (43) seated in a circumferential constriction (36) of the shroud (30), which may be a commercially available glass vial. In another embodiment, horseshoe-shaped members (18,19) having mutually opposed concavities are welded to respective leads (16,17) and a shroud (30) is locally heated to form a circumferential constriction (36) which shrinks into the concavities, thereby supporting the shroud internally. Alternatively, the shroud can be shrunk directly against the pinch (15) so that it converges toward the open end (35) where it engages leads (16,17).