Abstract: A method of operating an implantable blood pump having a first stator, a second stator, and an impeller movably disposed there between. The method includes applying a first voltage waveform at first phase to the first stator to generate a magnetic field to rotate the impeller. A second voltage waveform is applied at a second phase shifted from the first phase to the second stator to rotate the impeller, the second voltage waveform is asymmetric to the first voltage waveform.

Abstract: A method of operating an implantable blood pump including connecting the implantable blood pump to a primary controller, the primary controller being configured to operate the implantable blood pump, and a secondary controller. The secondary controller synchronizes its own motor drive signals to a frequency and phase of the primary controller's motor drive signals, without actively contributing power to the implantable blood pump. An imminent or actual disconnection event is detected in which the primary controller is disconnected from the implantable blood pump. Uninterrupted operation of the implantable blood pump is continued with the secondary controller.

Abstract: A method of operating an implantable blood pump having a first stator, a second stator, and an impeller movably disposed there between. The method includes applying a first voltage waveform at first phase to the first stator to generate a magnetic field to rotate the impeller. A second voltage waveform is applied at a second phase shifted from the first phase to the second stator to rotate the impeller, the second voltage waveform is asymmetric to the first voltage waveform.

Abstract: A method of operating an implantable blood pump having a first stator, a second stator, and an impeller movably disposed there between. The method includes applying a first voltage waveform at first phase to the first stator to generate a magnetic field to rotate the impeller. A second voltage waveform is applied at a second phase shifted from the first phase to the second stator to rotate the impeller, the second voltage waveform is asymmetric to the first voltage waveform.

Abstract: A method of operating an implantable blood pump having a first stator, a second stator, and an impeller movably disposed there between. The method includes applying a first voltage waveform at first phase to the first stator to generate a magnetic field to rotate the impeller. A second voltage waveform is applied at a second phase shifted from the first phase to the second stator to rotate the impeller, the second voltage waveform is asymmetric to the first voltage waveform.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for displaying a time history of a vectorcardiogram. The method enables a clinician to create a history of a three-dimensional vectorcardiogram from an arbitrary time axis and over an arbitrary time range. The apparatus allows the clinician to select a given viewpoint axis from a plurality of selectable viewpoint axes as well as the period of history to be displayed. The apparatus can also display multiple time histories simultaneously on the same display. This allows the display, side by side, of a traditional vectorcardiogram and the same vectorcardiogram as viewed from an arbitrary axis or time. This also enables the clinician to view a vectorcardiogram from various viewpoints simultaneously.

Abstract: In a receiver for receiving an information signal including digital information samples which are contaminated with an interference component having known frequency characteristics, a filter is provided having a signal generator responsive to at least a portion of the received signal for generating an output signal having the frequency characteristics of the interference component and an amplitude and phase controlled by the portion of the received signal. A combiner combines the generator output signal with the received signal for generating a filtered output signal having the interference component substantially removed therefrom, which is then applied to an interpolator. In response to the identification of incorrect digital information samples in the received signal, control of the generator by that portion of the received digital information signal which contains the samples identified as incorrect is disabled.

Abstract: This invention provides an automated single pass dialysate supply apparatus and a method for conducting hemodialysis treatments when the apparatus is used. The apparatus is of the closed circuit type and provides a pair of cylinders, each equipped with a hydraulically driven diaphragm, which supply fresh dialysate to and remove spent dialysate from an artificial kidney on an alternating time basis; the improvement resides in the means which sense the difference in time of arrival of the end of stroke of each diaphragm and automatically counteract these differences to either maintain or restore synchronization of the instant of end of stroke of each diaphragm in each half cycle of operation.The hemodialysis treatment method permits operator presetting of the desired ultrafiltrate removal rate and insures maintenance of that preset rate throughout the hemodialysis treatment period.