Abstract: A system for providing information about physical entities to users includes an information server accessible to a plurality of user-held receivers. An exemplary server has access to characteristic accessibility data for candidate physical entities. The server receives a user's request for information about physical entities of interest (which may be mobile), including the user's search domain relative to the user's location (the user may also be mobile). The search domain does not necessarily require the user to provide a network address of, or perform a keyword search for the networked data pages of, the physical entities of interest. The server determines which (if any) of said candidate physical entities satisfy the request, and reports to the user at the receiver over an electronic network.

Abstract: A web navigation system includes a virtual link creator that creates an electronic file that contains positional data of a physical location and a web address of a web page associated with the physical location. A virtual link server system receives the electronic file. The server system can transmit the electronic file to any remote receiver system that is near the physical location via a communication network. A receiver system, capable of communicating with the server system and accessing external Internet, receives the electronic file from the server system when the receiver system is near the physical location such that the web address of the web page is virtually posted at the physical location without employing a physical object to host the web address at the physical location. A system for creating such a virtual link is also described. Also described is a system for virtually posting a web address of a web page associated with a physical location.

Abstract: An optical encoder can detect relative movement of a target without the use of a systematic pattern on the target. Natural features of different areas of the target are imaged by a photosensor array. The photosensor array generates a sequence of data frames of the imaged areas, and a processor processes patterns in the data frames of the imaged areas to detect a relative motion or displacement of the target. The processor can determine incremental relative motion or rate of relative motion.

Abstract: A system for providing operational power to network access points includes a router having an external power supply to transmit network signals to the network access points. Each self-powered access point includes power extraction circuitry for extracting power from the network signals and a power storage subsystem for storing the extracted power. Signal conversion circuitry is connected to the power storage subsystem for receiving operating power to perform signal conversion of received network signals addressed to a computer and to reconfigure data received from the computer for transmission over the network. In a preferred embodiment, the power extraction circuitry includes a full-power extraction mode and a partial power extraction mode. A data analyzer monitors received network signals to determine whether the signals are required by the computer for processing.

Abstract: A scanning device and method of forming a scanned electronic image include an imaging sensor and at least one navigation sensor. For an embodiment, the imaging sensor enables sensing of color images. In the preferred embodiment, the imaging sensor is a linear array of sensor elements, with a two-dimensional navigation sensor array at each end. The scanning device has three degrees of freedom, since position information from the navigation sensors allows manipulation of an image signal from the imaging sensor to reduce distortion artifacts caused by curvilinear scanning. Acceptable sources of the position information include printed matter and contrast variations dictated by variations in the inherent structure-related properties of the medium on which the scanned image is formed. Inherent structure-related properties can also include color contrast.

Abstract: A method and device for tracking relative movement between the device and a region of interest include correlating a reference frame of signals with a subsequently acquired sample frame of signals, with the correlating including generating a correlation output for each of a number of nearest-neighbor shifts of signals of one of the frames. Preferably, the frames are comprised of a two-dimensional array of pixels and the signals are pixel values. The pixels of a frame are operatively associated with photoelements in a two-dimensional array of photoelements, with the pixel values being indicative of light energy received at the photoelements. By correlating the reference frame and the sample frame using the nearest-neighbor approach, it is possible to determine the movement of an imaged feature during the time period between acquisition of the reference frame and acquisition of the sample frame.

Abstract: A scanning device and method for forming a scanned electronic image include using navigation information that is acquired along with image data, and then rectifying the image data based upon the navigation and image information. The navigation information is obtained in frames. The differences between consecutive frames are detected and accumulated, and this accumulated displacement value is representative of a position of the scanning device relative to a reference. The image data is then positioned-tagged using the position data obtained from the accumulated displacement value. To avoid the accumulation of errors, the accumulated displacement value obtained from consecutive frames is updated by comparing a current frame with a much earlier frame stored in memory and using the resulting difference as the displacement from the earlier frame. These larger displacement steps are then accumulated to determine the relative position of the scanning device.

Abstract: An aqueous-based, shear-thinning, erasable ink and a roller-ball pen containing same. In a preferred embodiment, the ink comprises a blend of three different non-carboxylated, styrene-butadiene aqueous emulsions, a water-insoluble or water-dispersible pigment and a shear-thinning, viscosity-adjustment agent in the form of a silicate clay. The ink further comprises an antioxidant preparation, which includes tocopherol and vitamin C, for use in extending the time period over which the ink remains erasable after being applied to a substrate, a shear-stabilizing agent in the form of potassium oleate for use in preventing unwanted coagulation of the styrene-butadiene copolymer due to shear, a pH-adjusting agent in the form of triethanolamine for shifting the pH of the ink to a pH of about 9-10, and an anti-drying agent in the form of a 3:1 mixture of sorbitol to glycerine.

Abstract: A scanning device and method of forming a scanned electronic image include an imaging sensor and at least one navigation sensor. In the preferred embodiment, the imaging sensor is a linear array of sensor elements, with a two-dimensional navigation sensor array at each end. The scanning device has three degrees of freedom, since position information from the navigation sensors allows manipulation of an image signal from the imaging sensor to reduce distortion artifacts caused by curvilinear scanning. Acceptable sources of the position information include printed matter and contrast variations dictated by variations in the inherent structure-related properties of the medium on which the scanned image is formed. Illumination for optimal operation of the navigation system may be introduced at a grazing angle in some applications or in the normal to a plane of the original in other applications, but this is not essential.

Abstract: A color-changeable marking composition well-suited for drawing and coloring activities. In a preferred embodiment, the composition comprises (a) an emulsion, the emulsion having an aqueous continuous phase characterized by a basic pH and a noncarboxylated styrene-butadiene rubber latex discontinuous phase; (b) a pigment insoluble in the aqueous continuous phase of the emulsion; and (c) an acid dye soluble in the aqueous continuous phase of the emulsion, the acid dye having a different color than the water-insoluble pigment. Upon contact with the surface of a conventional porous marking substrate, the emulsion breaks, causing the aqueous continuous phase to be absorbed by the substrate and the rubber latex discontinuous phase to form a cohesive film on the surface of the substrate. The acid dye, because of its solubility in the aqueous continuous phase, is also absorbed by the substrate and cannot readily be removed therefrom.

Abstract: A communications distribution interface unit assembly is mountable to an appropriate frame behind an opening in a wall panel, for instance. A unitary cover is adapted for mounting to the frame and includes a front face, a rear face, and a perimeter wall alignable with the opening in the wall panel. The cover includes integral structural support ribs rigidifying the cover in a direction generally perpendicular to the wall panel. At least one communications module is mountable to the rear of the cover. The module includes at least one connector exposed at the rear of the assembly for easy access thereto. The entire communications module assembly can be preassembled and, thereafter, mounted to the frame behind the opening in the wall panel.

Abstract: A hardware switch level simulator for LSI/VLSI MOS circuits capable of simulating circuits with pass transistors and performing timing analysis. The simulator has a stack memory containing lists of nodes to be operated on, a solve unit having programmed logic arrays for performing simulation steps using Bryant algebra plus an addition step for detecting unblocked paths to a controlling gate of a pass transistor, a traversal unit having gate memory storing a gate list of nodes for each transistor and having link memory storing a netlist of transistor switches with parameters such as preset transistor switch state, transistor strength, and pointers to nodes to which a transistor connects. A timing unit performs delay calculations. In order to simulate pass transistor circuits, the traversal unit has two sets of memory addressing gates. One set ordinarily accesses link memory, while a second set ordinarily addresses gate memory.