Abstract: A method for heating a catalytic converter includes a) switching on a compressor; b) at least partially opening an injection valve; c) setting a combustion-air/fuel ratio of ?<1 in combustion chambers; d) detecting an actual value of the oxygen content in the exhaust gas; and e) comparing the actual value with a target value, where the target value corresponds to an exhaust-gas oxygen content that would be set in a region of the catalytic converter if the combustion-air/fuel ratio in the combustion chambers is approximately ?=1, where a manipulated variable output by a controller on a basis of a deviation of the actual value from the target value is kept constant when the actual value reaches one of two limit values of a value range within which the target value is ranged, and where the two limit values deviate from the target value by approximately 3%.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides engineered carboxyesterase enzymes that have the ability to catalyze amide bond formation. Also provided are polynucleotides encoding the carboxyesterase enzymes, host cells capable of expressing the engineered carboxyesterase enzymes, and methods of using the engineered carboxyesterase enzymes to make commercially valuable amides. Also provided are amides that are made using the engineered carboxyesterase enzymes.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides engineered carboxyesterase enzymes that have the ability to catalyze amide bond formation. Also provided are polynucleotides encoding the carboxyesterase enzymes, host cells capable of expressing the engineered carboxyesterase enzymes, and methods of using the engineered carboxyesterase enzymes to make commercially valuable amides. Also provided are amides that are made using the engineered carboxyesterase enzymes.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides engineered carboxyesterase enzymes that have the ability to catalyze amide bond formation. Also provided are polynucleotides encoding the carboxyesterase enzymes, host cells capable of expressing the engineered carboxyesterase enzymes, and methods of using the engineered carboxyesterase enzymes to make commercially valuable amides. Also provided are amides that are made using the engineered carboxyesterase enzymes.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are novel processes for the production of oligonucleotides that are suitable for use in the production of chemically modified oligonucleotides, such as those for use in therapy.

Abstract: The invention relates to an enzyme that comprises or includes a sequence according to SEQ. ID No. 1 or SEQ. ID No. 2, to a method for the production thereof, and to the use thereof as a catalyst in the oxidative cleavage of vinyl aromatics.

Abstract: The invention relates to an enzyme that comprises or includes a sequence according to SEQ. ID No. 1 or SEQ. ID No. 2, to a method for the production thereof, and to the use thereof as a catalyst in the oxidative cleavage of vinyl aromatics.

Abstract: A valve control device for a vehicle, in particular, an agricultural, commercial vehicle, comprises a control unit for the control of an electromagnetically actuatable valve, wherein the control unit, upon activation of a self-calibration mode, requests an identification feature correlated with the electromagnetically valve, determines a valve type corresponding to the requested identification feature, and selects a control algorithm correlated with the determined valve type to control the electromagnetically actuatable valve. In accordance with the invention, the identification feature is a characteristic actuating distance of an actuating unit provided for the electromagnetic actuation of the valve.

Abstract: A hydraulic hitch system for a vehicle includes a hydraulic source, a hydraulic reservoir, a hydraulic cylinder, an operator-controlled actuating means for generating a command signal, a hydraulic control valve for controlling the hydraulic cylinder, and an electronic control unit for controlling the control valve. To make it easier for the operator to set the hydraulic functions when working with different attachments, a pressure sensor generates a pressure signal and is connected to the hydraulic cylinder, and a control device is used to select a pressure control program for the hydraulic cylinder. The control valve is activated by a control signal which is generated by the control unit as a function of the selected pressure control program, the pressure signal and a command signal generated by the control device.