Abstract: A patch antenna element includes a parasitic patch which is positioned on a top surface of a substrate. Located beneath the parasitic patch is a driven patch. The driven patch is coupled either directly or capacitively to the center conductor of a coaxial cable and hence provides a signal which signal is coupled to the parasitic patch. The parasitic patch, as well as the driven patch is surrounded by a metal wall cavity. The metal wall cavity increases mutual coupling between antenna patch elements of similar types. Disposed between the parasitic patch and the driven patch are septa elements. The septa elements are oriented parallel to the edges of the patch and are DC connected to the cavity metal sidewalls. The septa operate to reduce total cavity thickness and patch to patch mutual coupling while further allowing control of the bandwidth.

Abstract: A microstrip antenna configuration employs a metallic patch which is positioned on the top surface of a dielectric substrate. The dielectric substrate has the bottom surface coated with a suitable metal to form a ground plane. A hole is formed through the ground plane, through the dielectric to allow access to the bottom surface of the patch. A center conductor of a coaxial cable is directly connected to the patch. The center conductor of the coaxial cable is surrounded by a metallic housing within the substrate area. The patch forms a first plate for the capacitance while the diameter of the outer housing of the coaxial cable within the substrate is increased to form another plate on the end of the coaxial cable. The value of capacitance can be adjusted by the area of the metallic housing the relative dielectric constant of the spacing material, and the spacing between the plates.

Abstract: A patch antenna element includes a parasitic patch which is positioned on a top surface of a substrate. Located beneath the parasitic patch is a driven patch. The driven patch is coupled either directly or capacitively to the center conductor of a coaxial cable and hence provides a signal which signal is coupled to the parasitic patch. The parasitic patch, as well as the driven patch is surrounded by a metal wall cavity. The metal wall cavity increases mutual coupling between antenna patch elements of similar types. Disposed between the parasitic patch and the driven patch are septa elements. The septa elements are oriented parallel to the edges of the patch and are DC connected to the cavity metal sidewalls. The septa operate to reduce total cavity thickness and patch to patch mutual coupling while further allowing control of the bandwidth.

Abstract: A microstrip antenna configuration employs a metallic patch which is positioned on the top surface of a dielectric substrate. The dielectric substrate has the bottom surface coated with a suitable metal to form a ground plane. A hole is formed through the ground plane, through the dielectric to allow access to the bottom surface of the patch. A center conductor of a coaxial cable is directly connected to the patch. The center conductor of the coaxial cable is surrounded by a metallic housing within the substrate area. The patch forms a first plate for the capacitance while the diameter of the outer housing of the coaxial cable within the substrate is increased to form another plate on the end of the coaxial cable. The value of capacitance can be adjusted by the area of the metallic housing the relative dielectric constant of the spacing material, and the spacing between the plates.

Abstract: A power divider directional coupler comprised of coupled transmission line sections at the beginning of each of a plurality of subdivided transmission lines wherein each subdivided transmission line has a unique characteristic impedance, even mode impedance and odd mode impedance. The coupled transmission line sections are shorted and function as quarter-wave transformers providing a center frequency electrical transmission phase of 90 degrees.