Abstract: A thermal fuse having a bow, which has a first end with a first soldering surface for soldering to a first contact surface of a printed circuit board and a second end with a second soldering surface for soldering to a second contact surface of the printed circuit board, a tensioning element, which is secured to the bow between the first and the second end and which is designed to press with a preload against the bow and the printed circuit board once the two soldering surfaces and the contact surfaces of a printed circuit board have been soldered, wherein a portion of the bow, between the two ends thereof, has a measuring resistor connected in series to the two soldering surfaces. A printed circuit board having such a thermal fuse is additionally described.

Abstract: A thermal fuse having a bow, which has a first end with a first soldering surface for soldering to a first contact surface of a printed circuit board and a second end with a second soldering surface for soldering to a second contact surface of the printed circuit board, a tensioning element, which is secured to the bow between the first and the second end and which is designed to press with a preload against the bow and the printed circuit board once the two soldering surfaces and the contact surfaces of a printed circuit board have been soldered, wherein a portion of the bow, between the two ends thereof, has a measuring resistor connected in series to the two soldering surfaces. A printed circuit board having such a thermal fuse is additionally described.

Abstract: An overvoltage protector for an electrical consumer in a motor vehicle, includes an input for connection to the electrical system of a motor vehicle, an output for connection to the electrical consumer to be protected, and a ground terminal which is connected via a line to a branch point between the input and the output, wherein at least one component that blocks below a threshold voltage and conducts above the threshold voltage, and a switch connected in series with the component are located in the line, wherein the switch is controlled by a control circuit that closes the switch when a voltage spike occurs and subsequently reopens it.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for operating a heating element in a motor vehicle by pulse width modulation, wherein fluctuations in the supply voltage are compensated for by adapting the duty cycle so as to achieve a desired heating output. According to the invention, during a voltage pulse the voltage that is present at the heating element and/or the current flowing through the heating element are measured at specified intervals, and the measured values or values determined therefrom are added to calculate a sum value, which rises with the energy that is fed into the heating element by the voltage pulse, and the voltage pulse is ended at the latest when the sum value has reached a target value. The invention furthermore relates to a glow plug controller for carrying out the method according to the invention.

Abstract: The invention relates to an internal combustion engine for vehicles on which a device is mounted and has a semiconductor-based read-only memory, which contains data which are destined to be used for a given purpose of the device, and has an interface enabling an access to the read-only memory. In addition to the data which are destined to be used for the given purpose of the device there are engine-specific data stored in non-volatile manner in the device, the engine-specific data being neither necessary nor destined for the given purpose of the device, and that the engine-specific data, too, can be read out electronically via the said interface.

Abstract: The description discloses a glow plug system for a Diesel engine of a motor vehicle having a glow plug (RG1, RG2) which comprises a positive terminal for connecting a supply voltage (U1) and a ground terminal for connecting to a ground potential (GND), a controlling device (1) for controlling the electric power supplied to the glow plug (RG1, RG2) in operation, whereby the controlling device (1) comprises a measurement input (ADC1) and a ground input (ADC2) in order to determine, in operation, a measured value of the supply voltage (U1) in relation to a reference potential (GND?) applied to the ground input (ADC2).

Abstract: An overvoltage protector for an electrical consumer in a motor vehicle, includes an input for connection to the electrical system of a motor vehicle, an output for connection to the electrical consumer to be protected, and a ground terminal which is connected via a line to a branch point between the input and the output, wherein at least one component that blocks below a threshold voltage and conducts above the threshold voltage, and a switch connected in series with the component are located in the line, wherein the switch is controlled by a control circuit that closes the switch when a voltage spike occurs and subsequently reopens it.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for operating a heating element in a motor vehicle by pulse width modulation, wherein fluctuations in the supply voltage are compensated for by adapting the duty cycle so as to achieve a desired heating output. According to the invention, during a voltage pulse the voltage that is present at the heating element and/or the current flowing through the heating element are measured at specified intervals, and the measured values or values determined therefrom are added to calculate a sum value, which rises with the energy that is fed into the heating element by the voltage pulse, and the voltage pulse is ended at the latest when the sum value has reached a target value. The invention furthermore relates to a glow plug controller for carrying out the method according to the invention.

Abstract: The description discloses a glow plug system for a Diesel engine of a motor vehicle having a glow plug (RG1, RG2) which comprises a positive terminal for connecting a supply voltage (U1) and a ground terminal for connecting to a ground potential (GND), a controlling device (1) for controlling the electric power supplied to the glow plug (RG1, RG2) in operation, whereby the controlling device (1) comprises a measurement input (ADC1) and a ground input (ADC2) in order to determine, in operation, a measured value of the supply voltage (U1) in relation to a reference potential (GND?) applied to the ground input (ADC2).

Abstract: The invention relates to an internal combustion engine for vehicles on which a device (1) is mounted comprising a semiconductor-based read-only memory (1a), which contains data which are destined to be used for a given purpose of the device (1), and comprising an interface (6) enabling an access to the read-only memory (1a). In addition to the data which are destined to be used for the given purpose of the device (1) there are engine-specific data stored in non-volatile manner in the device (1), the engine-specific data being neither necessary nor destined for the given purpose of the device (1), and that the engine-specific data, too, can be read out electronically via the said interface (6).

Abstract: In a system for controlling a brake valve, the supply voltage available for controlling the electromagnet of the brake valve is continually measured during operation and the effective value of the voltage present at the coil of the electromagnet is varied by varying the duty factor of the pulse times according to the supply voltage supplied at the time.

Abstract: In a system for controlling a brake valve, the supply voltage available for controlling the electromagnet of the brake valve is continually measured during operation and the effective value of the voltage present at the coil of the electromagnet is varied by varying the duty factor of the pulse times according to the supply voltage supplied at the time.

Abstract: In a vehicle having a duty brake and a sustained-action brake (retarder), the actual braking moment produced by the sustained-action brake, as well as the braking command of the driver, are taken into consideration in the electrically controlled adjustment of the duty brake.

Abstract: A process for monitoring several inductive rpm sensors includes superposing a direct current voltage on an alternating voltage signal from one rpm sensor in one rpm sensor circuit to form a combined voltage signal and monitoring a voltage level of the combined voltage signal at a monitoring point in the one rpm sensor circuit to detect a fault such as a break in a sensor feed line.