Abstract: Methods for detecting ?-synuclein oligomers in vivo comprise administering an antibody to an individual suspected of carrying soluble ?-synuclein, wherein the antibody is produced from a stabilized soluble ?-synuclein oligomer and is capable of binding the stabilized soluble ?-synuclein oligomer, wherein the stabilized soluble ?-synuclein oligomer has a lower formation rate to a non-soluble aggregated form than a non-stabilized soluble oligomer of the ?-synuclein, and wherein the antibody is labelled with a detectable marker; and detecting the presence of any complex formed between the antibody and soluble ?-synuclein by detection of the marker.

Abstract: Methods for detecting ?-synuclein oligomers in vivo comprise administering an antibody to an individual suspected of carrying soluble ?-synuclein, wherein the antibody is produced from a stabilized soluble ?-synuclein oligomer and is capable of binding the stabilized soluble ?-synuclein oligomer, wherein the stabilized soluble ?-synuclein oligomer has a lower formation rate to a non-soluble aggregated form than a non-stabilized soluble oligomer of the ?-synuclein, and wherein the antibody is labelled with a detectable marker; and detecting the presence of any complex formed between the antibody and soluble ?-synuclein by detection of the marker.

Abstract: Methods of treating or delaying onset of a neurodegenerative disorder with ?-synuclein pathology in an individual comprise administering an antibody which is produced from a stabilized soluble ?-synuclein oligomer and capable of binding a stabilized soluble ?-synuclein oligomer, the stabilized soluble ?-synuclein oligomer having a lower formation rate to a non-soluble aggregated form than a non-stabilized soluble oligomer of the ?-synuclein. The antibody has been collected from a non-human animal to which stabilized soluble ?-synuclein oligomer had been administered or has been produced by hybridoma technology, phage display, ribosome display, mammalian cell display or bacterial display, and the disorder with ?-synuclein pathology is characterized by deposition of Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites or is selected from the group consisting of Parkinson's disease (PD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), the Lewy body variant of Alzheimer's disease, and multiple system atrophy (MSA).

Abstract: Methods of treating or delaying onset of a neurodegenerative disorder with ?-synuclein pathology in an individual comprise administering an antibody which is produced from a stabilized soluble ?-synuclein oligomer and capable of binding a stabilized soluble ?-synuclein oligomer, the stabilized soluble ?-synuclein oligomer having a lower formation rate to a non-soluble aggregated form than a non-stabilized soluble oligomer of the ?-synuclein. The antibody has been collected from a non-human animal to which stabilized soluble ?-synuclein oligomer had been administered or has been produced by hybridoma technology, phage display, ribosome display, mammalian cell display or bacterial display, and the disorder with ?-synuclein pathology is characterized by deposition of Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites or is selected from the group consisting of Parkinson's disease (PD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), the Lewy body variant of Alzheimer's disease, and multiple system atrophy (MSA).

Abstract: A vaccine for delaying an onset of or for treatment of an ?-synuclein-related disorder in an individual comprises a therapeutically effective amount of isolated stabilized soluble ?-synuclein oligomer having a lower formation rate to a non-soluble aggregated form than a non-stabilized oligomer of the ?-synuclein. An antibody for delaying an onset of or for treatment of an ?-synuclein-related disorder in an individual binds soluble ?-synuclein. Methods for delaying an onset of for treatment or for prevention of an ?-synuclein-related disorder employ the vaccine or antibody. Methods of detecting ?-synuclein oligomers employ the antibody.

Abstract: A vaccine for delaying an onset of or for treatment of an ?-synuclein-related disorder in an individual comprises a therapeutically effective amount of isolated stabilized soluble ?-synuclein oligomer having a lower formation rate to a non-soluble aggregated form than a non-stabilized oligomer of the ?-synuclein. An antibody for delaying an onset of or for treatment of an ?-synuclein-related disorder in an individual binds soluble ?-synuclein. Methods for delaying an onset of for treatment or for prevention of an ?-synuclein-related disorder employ the vaccine or antibody. Methods of detecting ?-synuclein oligomers employ the antibody.