Abstract: A device is used to apply an electric pulse or spike to a patient to treat the patient. The device can have a series of preset treatments programmed therein. A user can select a treatment from menus displayed on a display. The impedance of the skin and underlying tissue to be treated can be measured prior to the treatment to locate active areas on the skin for treatment. The impedance measurement can be made at a sufficiently low level to avoid treatment of the patient that could cause a change in the impedance.

Abstract: A device (10, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90) is used to apply an electric pulse or spike to a patient to treat the patient. The device can have a series of preset treatments programmed therein. A user can select a treatment from menus displayed on a display (100). The impedance of the skin and underlying tissue to be treated can be measured prior to the treatment to locate active areas on the skin for treatment. A variety of probes can be used with the device, with the device automatically detecting the type of probe attached. Multiple electrodes can be used on the probe, which allows the active areas in contact with the probe to be identified prior to treatment to allow the treatment to concentrate on the active areas.

Abstract: A device (10, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90) is used to apply an electric pulse or spike to a patient to treat the patient. The device can have a series of preset treatments programmed therein. A user can select a treatment from menus displayed on a display (100). The impedance of the skin and underlying tissue to be treated can be measured prior to the treatment to locate active areas on the skin for treatment. The impedance measurement can be made at a sufficiently low level to avoid treatment of the patient that could cause a change in the impedance. A phase detector can be used to isolate the capacitance value in the impedance. The charge delivered to the patient can be measured and the device can adjust the charge as the skin impedance varies during treatment to deliver uniform charges to the skin. A variety of probes can be used with the device, with the device automatically detecting the type of probe attached.

Abstract: A device (10, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90) is used to apply an electric pulse or spike to a patient to treat the patient. The device can have a series of preset treatments programmed therein. A user can select a treatment from menus displayed on a display (100). The impedance of the skin and underlying tissue to be treated can be measured prior to the treatment to locate active areas on the skin for treatment. The impedance measurement can be made at a sufficiently low level to avoid treatment of the patient that could cause a change in the impedance. A phase detector can be used to isolate the capacitance value in the impedance. The charge delivered to the patient can be measured and the device can adjust the charge as the skin impedance varies during treatment to deliver uniform charges to the skin. A variety of probes can be used with the device, with the device automatically detecting the type of probe attached.

Abstract: A cardioplegia system for delivering cardioplegic solution to the heart during open heart surgery in cooperation with an extracorporeal blood circuit employing a heart/lung machine, includes a conduit diverting a portion of the blood flow from the heart/lung machine to a cardioplegia delivery line. A heat exchanger for controlling fluid temperature is provided in the cardioplegia delivery line. A first pump combines the blood from the conduit with a second fluid and delivers the combined flow into the delivery line leading to the heat exchanger. A control panel is operatively connected for adjusting the ratio of blood and second fluid delivered by the first pump and for adjusting the total volumetric rate of flow from the first pump.

Abstract: An infusion pump incorporates a cassette formed by bonding of two substantially flat sheets. The fluid to be infused to the patient comes into contact only with the cassette. The cassette includes first and second flexible sheets which define a pumping chamber therebetween. The infusion pump is provided with a pumping member having a hub and a plurality of petal-shaped sections extending radially outward therefrom and pivotal relative thereto. A stepping motor can be operated to move the pumping member against the second flexible sheet to decrease the volume of the pumping chamber and pump fluid to the patient. A load cell monitors the force exerted by the stepping motor on the hub. An outlet restriction value is electronically controlled by a second stepping motor in response to the pressure sensed by the load cell to control pumping to a predetermined pressure.

Abstract: An infusion pump incorporates a cassette formed by bonding of two substantially flat sheets. The fluid to be infused to the patient comes into contact only with the cassette. The cassette includes first and second flexible sheets which define a pumping chamber therebetween. The infusion pump is provided with a pumping member having a hub and a plurality of petal-shaped sections extending radially outward therefrom and pivotal relative thereto. A stepping motor can be operated to move the pumping member against the second flexible sheet to decrease the volume of the pumping chamber and pump fluid to the patient. A load cell monitors the force exerted by the stepping motor on the hub. An outlet restriction valve is electronically controlled by a second stepping motor in response to the pressure sensed by the load cell to control pumping to a predetermined pressure.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for detecting leaking valves in a volumetric fluid delivery system. The system employs a volumetric chamber divided into two compartments by a moveable membrane, with each compartment having a valved inlet and a valved outlet. In the system, fluid is delivered in discrete increments by alternately opening an inlet and an outlet on opposite sides of the membrane. Between such delivery periods, all valves are closed, and then only a single valve is opened. The membrane is monitored to detect movement while the single valve is opened, indicating a closure failure in one of the supposedly closed valves.

Abstract: A system for sensing flow faults in a membrane system for intravenous fluid introduction is provided. A scanner is pulsed to generate reflected energy signals representative of the position of a membrane within a chamber. The scanner is pulsed both before and after the membrane is commanded to move within the chamber. The signals are then compared by an electronic circuit to determine the difference between them. If there exists a sufficiently large difference between the signals, this indicates that the membrane is moving in response to the command signals and the system is functioning properly. If there exists little or no difference between the signals, this indicates that there is a flow fault in the system, and an alarm is sounded.

Abstract: A cardioplegia system for delivering cardioplegic solution to the heart during open heart surgery in cooperation with an extracorporeal blood circuit employing a heart/lung machine, includes a conduit diverting a portion of the blood flow from the heart/lung machine to a cardioplegia delivery line. A heat exchanger for controlling fluid temperature is provided in the cardioplegia delivery line. A flat pump combines the blood from the conduit with a second fluid and delivery the combined flow into the delivery line leading to the heat exchanger. A control panel is operatively connected for adjusting the ratio of blood and second fluid delivered by the first pump and for adjusting the total volumetric rate of flow from the first pump.