Abstract: A method that includes (a) thermally biasing an electro-optic polymer device using an electrode; and (b) driving the electro-optic polymer device by applying a high frequency signal to the device using the same electrode.

Abstract: A method that includes (a) thermally biasing an electro-optic polymer device using an electrode; and (b) driving the electro-optic polymer device by applying a high frequency signal to the device using the same electrode.

Abstract: In one aspect, an electro-optic device comprises: a) a high speed electrode; b) a ground electrode; c) polymer layers embedding an electro-optic polymer waveguide; and d) at least one integrated resistor in electrical contact with the high speed electrode and the ground electrode, wherein the high speed electrode and the ground electrode are positioned to control light in the electro-optic polymer waveguide.

Abstract: Apparatus and associated systems for transmission of signals within a wide bandwidth (e.g., from DC to 40 GHz and above) include a conduction path and ground structures in an arrangement to provide a smooth transition between propagation in a coplanar waveguide mode and propagation in a microstrip waveguide mode. Some embodiments may be provided without vias, for example, by providing low impedance connections between ground structures on different layers, where the connections are made external to a medium between the layers. Some embodiments may feature a monotonically decreasing gap between a signal conduction path and a coplanar ground structure. Such embodiments may be used, for example, to provide a low loss, wide bandwidth interface between a coaxial transmission line and a microstrip transmission line. As another example, one or more such structures may be used in an electro-optic modulator to control an optical signal.

Abstract: A feed network for coupling elements of a multi-element patch antenna to transmit or receive circuitry may include segments having dimensions that maximize the impedance of the feed network. Increasing the feed network impedance can simplify matching of the feed network to conventional transmission line impedances (e.g., 50 Ohms, 75 Ohms), which reduces reflections of the operating signals as a result of impedance mismatches. By designing the feed network as a hierarchical distribution network of transmission lines of particular lengths selected to maximize impedance, signal reflections may be reduced and bandwidth of the antenna system may be improved.

Abstract: In a reflective shunt-diode radio-frequency modulator the shunting diodes are spaces so that the transmission line sections between diode pairs have non-commensurate lengths. The transmission line length sections between diode pairs are selected so that a minimum in the frequency/attenuation curve resulting from one transmission line section/diode pair is cancelled by a maximum in the frequency/attenuation curve from another transmission line section/diode pair. The superposition of the frequency characteristics from all transmission line section/diode pairs results in a structure in which reactive cancellation occurs over the entire operating frequency range. Consequently, it is not necessary to saturate the shunting diodes at the low band end to maintain maximum attenuation. In addition, to improve insertion loss, capacitive stubs are located along the transmission line which modify the filter characteristics when the shunting diodes are turned "off".