Abstract: A fluorescent lamp according to the present invention includes: a glass tube 1 in which mercury and a rare gas are enclosed; a protective film 3 that is attached so as to cover an inner face of the glass tube 1; and a phosphor layer 4 that is laminated on the protective film 3. The protective film 3 has a thickness of 0.5 ?m to 3 ?m. Further, the protective film 3 is formed of inorganic particles and has a volume ratio of 0.1 to 0.5. Preferably, the inorganic particles are of at least one selected from the group consisting of aluminum oxide, silicon dioxide, magnesium oxide, zinc oxide, titanium oxide, cerium oxide, yttrium oxide, and calcium halophosphate.

Abstract: The present invention provides a fluorescent lamp, comprising: a glass bulb; mercury that is enclosed within the glass bulb, an amount of the mercury being from 2.2 ?g/cm3 to 8.8 ?g/cm3; a rare gas that is enclosed within the glass bulb; an electrode that is attached to the glass bulb; a protective layer that is formed on an inside surface of the glass bulb, and includes metal oxide particles and at least 50 wt % of silica, a thickness of the protective layer being from 0.5 ?m to 5.0 ?m; and a phosphor layer that is formed over the protective layer.

Abstract: A fluorescent lamp according to the present invention includes: a glass tube 1 in which mercury and a rare gas are enclosed; a protective film 3 that is attached so as to cover an inner face of the glass tube 1; and a phosphor layer 4 that is laminated on the protective film 3. The protective film 3 has a thickness of 0.5 ?m to 3 ?m. Further, the protective film 3 is formed of inorganic particles and has a volume ratio of 0.1 to 0.5. Preferably, the inorganic particles are of at least one selected from the group consisting of aluminum oxide, silicon dioxide, magnesium oxide, zinc oxide, titanium oxide, cerium oxide, yttrium oxide, and calcium halophosphate.

Abstract: In evaluating whiteness of light from a light source or a luminaire, whiteness W is given by the following equation, W=?5.3C+100, wherein chroma C is determined by the CIE 1997 Interim Color Appearance Model (Simple Version).

Abstract: In evaluating whiteness of light from a light source or a luminaire, whiteness W is given by the following equation, W=?5.3C+100, wherein chroma C is determined by the CIE 1997 Interim Color Appearance Model (Simple Version).

Abstract: In evaluating whiteness of light from a light source or a luminaire, whiteness W is given by the following equation, W=?5.3C+100, wherein chroma C is determined by the CIE 1997 Interim Color Appearance Model (Simple Version).

Abstract: The present invention provides a fluorescent lamp, comprising: a glass bulb; mercury that is enclosed within the glass bulb, an amount of the mercury being from 2.2 ?g/cm3 to 8.8 ?g/cm3; a rare gas that is enclosed within the glass bulb; an electrode that is attached to the glass bulb; a protective layer that is formed on an inside surface of the glass bulb, and includes metal oxide particles and at least 50 wt % of silica, a thickness of the protective layer being from 0.5 ?m to 5.0 ?m; and a phosphor layer that is formed over the protective layer.

Abstract: In evaluating whiteness of light from a light source or a luminaire, whiteness W is given by the following equation, W=?5.3C+100, wherein chroma C is determined by the CIE 1997 Interim Color Appearance Model (Simple Version).

Abstract: In evaluating whiteness of light from a light source or a luminaire, whiteness W is given by the following equation,

Abstract: A tractor transmission includes a change speed mechanism, a shift lever (30) for shifting the change speed mechanism, a super-reduction mechanism (16) for decelerating and outputting power inputted thereto, the super-reduction mechanism having a larger reduction ratio than the change speed mechanism, and an overdrive mechanism (45) for accelerating and outputting power inputted thereto. A single switching device (29) is provided for operating both the super-reduction mechanism and overdrive mechanism. The switching device is shiftable, when the super-reduction mechanism is in neutral, from a state of operating the super-reduction mechanism to a state of operating the overdrive mechanism.

Abstract: In evaluating whiteness of light from a light source or a luminaire, whiteness W is given by the following equation,

Abstract: An automatic operation control system for controlling the automatic operation of a computer system, stores in a storage unit the status informations of hardware configuration and software configuration of a computer system, a running event of the operating system and application programs, and an operation event of the computer system, and supplies a procedure for an operation command to be executed in accordance with the configuration information and the occurred event.

Abstract: In an information processing system including a file shared by computer systems each having a central processing system and a main memory, a method for controlling access to the shared file includes a step of storing blocks read from the file into the main memory when the blocks of the file are updated, and a step of comparing at least a portion of the blocks held in a cache memory with at least a portion of the blocks stored in the main memory. When the comparison of at least the portion of the blocks held in the cache memory with at least the portion of the blocks stored in the main memory indicates mismatching, the block is read from the file into the main memory, and when the comparison indicates matching, the block of the main memory is updated. The data to be updated may be in a resident area, an input/output buffer or a same area.

Abstract: Ultra smooth ceramic materials are prepared by the low temperature sintering of a ceramic body that has been infiltrated prior to sintering with an inorganic polymer. The infiltration allows for a decrease in the sintering temperature which translates into a smoother, stronger ceramic material.

Abstract: A hydraulically operable transmission comprises change speed gears, a hydraulic clutch, and a hydraulic circuit for operating the change speed gears and hydraulic clutch. The hydraulic circuit includes a plurality of hydraulic actuators interlocked with the change speed gears, and a pilot type control valve for controlling the hydraulic actuators. An oil line leading to the hydraulic clutch includes a pressure increase adjustor for adjusting pressure increase characteristics when the hydraulic clutch is engaged. The pressure increase adjustor includes, arranged parallel to one another, a normally open first switch valve closable when a secondary hydraulic pressure exceeds a first set level, a normally closed second switch valve openable when the secondary hydraulic pressure exceeds a second set level higher than the first set level, and a restrictor. The first switch valve is urged toward an open position by a spring whose urging force is increased when the control valve is operated to a high speed range.

Abstract: An improved method for producing endosseous implants by thermally spraying a ceramic material onto the surface of a metallic core material having a rough surface, i.e. a maximum surface roughness of 15 to 100 .mu.m, which can produce implants which have excellent characteristics in regard to the metallic material and ceramic material and do not dissolve out harmful metal ions. The endosseous implants are useful for implantation in various bones including tooth roots and joints in living bodies.

Abstract: A method for producing an inorganic sintered body, comprising the steps of:providing an inorganic powder;providing an oxygen-containing wax type binder;providing the inorganic powder and wax type binder in a molding device;subjecting the combined inorganic powder and wax type binder to a molding process selected from the group consisting of extrusion molding and injection molding to produce a molded body; andproducing an inorganic sintered body from the molded body.