Abstract: A conductive rubber elastic material is stably provided which can produce a charging member that may less vary in electrical resistance even with changes in applied voltage, promises uniform electrical properties, has charge characteristics not affected by changes in environments such as temperature and humidity, and enables a charging object member such as a photosensitive member to be kept from being contaminated.

Abstract: Provided is a charging member having an elastic layer to which components derived from a developer hardly adhere even when the charging member is used for a long time period and in which elastic layer the occurrence of compression set is suppressed The charging member includes: a electroconductive support; and a electroconductive elastic layer, in which the elastic layer is formed through irradiation of an electron beam onto a surface of a rubber layer formed of a crosslinked product of a rubber mixture containing an acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber and a styrene-butadiene rubber; the styrene-butadiene rubber has a 1,2-vinyl bond, and at least one selected from a cis-1,4 bond and a trans-1,4 bond; and a ratio of the numbers of moles of the 1,4 bonds to a total number of moles of the 1,2-vinyl bond, the cis-1,4 bond, and the trans-1,4 bond is 31 mol % or more and 61 mol % or less.

Abstract: To provide a charging member that can not easily change in electrical resistance even by any long-term continuous application of direct-current voltage and, as a result thereof, may cause less change in its charging performance with time. The charging member has an electrically conductive support and an electrically conductive elastic layer. The elastic layer contains a vulcanized rubber. The vulcanized rubber is a vulcanized product of a mixture which contains i) a binder polymer containing a polymer having a butadiene skeleton and ii) carbon black, where the polymer having a butadiene skeleton stands modified at the molecular terminal(s) thereof with a group represented by the following formulas (1) or (2).

Abstract: Provided is a charging member in which the hardness of its surface is increased while surface free energy is kept low, the surface is hard to scratch even in long-term use, and a toner or the like is hard to adhere to the surface. The charging member according to the present invention includes a conductive support, a conductive elastic layer, and a surface region containing a cured material of a compound represented by the following formula (1): wherein n represents an integer of 0-6, m represents an integer of 0-6, the total of n and m is from 2 to 6, x and y each independently represent an integer of 0-4, and R1 and R2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.

Abstract: A charging member is provided which can not easily change in charging performance even because of its service over a long period of time. The charging member has a conductive support, an elastic layer and a surface layer. The elastic layer comprises spherical particles in such a way that the spherical particles are exposed at least in part to the surface of the elastic layer so as to make the surface of the elastic layer roughened; the spherical particles are at least one type selected from the group consisting of spherical silica particles, spherical alumina particles and spherical zirconia particles; the surface of the elastic layer is overlaid with the surface layer in such a way that the surface profile of the elastic layer is reflected on the surface profile of the charging member; and the surface layer comprises a high-molecular compound having a specific constituent unit.

Abstract: To provide a charging member that can not easily cause faulty cleaning. A charging member having a conductive support and an elastic layer that is a surface layer; the elastic layer having on its surface a region having been cured by irradiation with electron rays, where the region having been cured supports at least one type of spherical particles of spherical silica particles, spherical alumina particles and spherical zirconia particles in such a state that the spherical particles are exposed at least in part to the surface of the elastic layer so as to make the surface roughened.

Abstract: A charging member is provided which has a low electrical resistance, has less non-uniformity or environmental dependence of the electrical resistance, may less undergo electrification deterioration even when used for a long period of time, and is free of any occurrence of faulty images such as horizontal lines attributable to charging. The charging member is formed of a support with a good electrical conductivity and an elastic layer consisting of at least one layer on the support, and the elastic layer is formed of a semiconductive vulcanized rubber in which carbon black has been dispersed as conductive particles in a binder polymer containing a polymer having a butadiene skeleton, having been modified at a molecular terminal thereof with a specific atomic group.

Abstract: A DMA control device and a data transfer method, which make it possible to use a DMA channel independent of an operation mode of a processor and realize the protection of DMA control parameters during DMA operation (during a data transfer), while reducing the number of shift of an operating mode of the processor as small as possible, are provided. In requesting a DMA start by locking an access to a ch-0 DMA control register 114 in a secure mode, a CPU 101 instructs an unlock set register 118 to release an access lock when the transfer is completed. Then, when a parameter controlling circuit 119 receives a notification of transfer completion from a ch-0 state managing circuit 116, such parameter controlling circuit instructs a lock set register 115 to release the lock in accordance with the setting of the unlock set register 118.

Abstract: To provide a charging member that can have a uniform electrical resistance, can not easily change in electrical resistance even by any long-term continuous electrification and, as a result thereof, may cause less change in its charging performance with time. A charging member having a conductive support and an elastic-material layer; the elastic-material layer comprising a vulcanized rubber; the vulcanized rubber being a vulcanized product of a composition which comprises i) a binder polymer comprising a polymer having a butadiene skeleton and ii) carbon black as electrically conductive particles; and the polymer having a butadiene skeleton has a molecular terminal modified with an atomic group having a specific structure.

Abstract: A recording member cutting device for cutting a continuous recording material along a side of a plurality of cutting areas defined in the continuous recording material includes a nick cutting mechanism, and an area cutting mechanism. The nick cutting mechanism includes a first cutting unit configured to form a hole-shaped nick for each cutting area. Each nick is located outside the plurality of the cutting areas, on a downstream side of the corresponding cutting area in the conveying direction and on a line extending along one side of the corresponding cutting area. The one side is along the conveying direction. The area cutting mechanism includes a second cutting unit configured to insert into the nick. The second cutting unit cuts, when the nick has been formed, the continuous recording material along the one side from a position of the nick.

Abstract: A processor (10) manages, in an instruction management unit (103) and a data attribute management unit (105), secure attributes indicating whether instruction code and data stored in an instruction cache (102) and a data cache (104) of the processor (10) are confidential information. When the instruction code and the data are confidential information, the processor (10) also manages secure processing identification information for indicating in which secure process the confidential information is to be used. When the operating mode is switched from the secure mode to the normal mode, only the confidential information is disabled by a memory disabling unit (108). This prevents confidential information from being analyzed by the processor in the normal mode.

Abstract: A smoke detecting device including: a light-emitting portion that emits light; a light-receiving portion that receives scattered light resulting from the light which the light-emitting portion emits being scattered by smoke generated from a recording medium on which flash-light is irradiated from a flash fusing device; and a judging section that acquires a light amount signal of the received light, from the light-receiving portion, and that judges, on the basis of the light amount signal, whether or not smoke has been generated from the recording medium on which flash-light is irradiated from the flash fusing device, the light that the light-emitting portion emits passing through a space between the flash fusing device and the recording medium, is provided.

Abstract: In an elastic member for electrophotography, having a conductive or semiconductive elastic layer, the elastic layer contains a vulcanized rubber obtained by vulcanizing a material rubber in the presence of a specific sulfur-atom-containing compound as a vulcanization accelerator that can not easily cause any scorching at the time of high-temperature kneading and extrusion, and yet has relatively high vulcanization rate and also can provide vulcanized rubbers with superior quality.

Abstract: A recording member cutting device for cutting a continuous recording material along a side of a plurality of cutting areas defined in the continuous recording material includes a nick cutting mechanism, and an area cutting mechanism. The nick cutting mechanism includes a first cutting unit configured to form a hole-shaped nick for each cutting area. Each nick is located outside the plurality of the cutting areas, on a downstream side of the corresponding cutting area in the conveying direction and on a line extending along one side of the corresponding cutting area. The one side is along the conveying direction. The area cutting mechanism includes a second cutting unit configured to insert into the nick. The second cutting unit cuts, when the nick has been formed, the continuous recording material along the one side from a position of the nick.

Abstract: A charging member is disclosed having a support and at least one cover layer provided on the support., The cover layer has an outermost layer of the cover layer placed at the outermost surface of the charging member; the outermost layer contains i) composite particles composed of first metal oxide particles coated with carbon black, ii) second metal oxide particles and iii) a binder.

Abstract: A smoke detecting device including: a light-emitting portion that emits light; a light-receiving portion that receives scattered light resulting from the light which the light-emitting portion emits being scattered by smoke generated from a recording medium on which flash-light is irradiated from a flash fusing device; and a judging section that acquires a light amount signal of the received light, from the light-receiving portion, and that judges, on the basis of the light amount signal, whether or not smoke has been generated from the recording medium on which flash-light is irradiated from the flash fusing device, the light that the light-emitting portion emits passing through a space between the flash fusing device and the recording medium, is provided.

Abstract: A processor (10) manages, in an instruction management unit (103) and a data attribute management unit (105), secure attributes indicating whether instruction code and data stored in an instruction cache (102) and a data cache (104) of the processor (10) are confidential information. When the instruction code and the data are confidential information, the processor (10) also manages secure processing identification information for indicating in which secure process the confidential information is to be used. When the operating mode is switched from the secure mode to the normal mode, only the confidential information is disabled by a memory disabling unit (108). This prevents confidential information from being analyzed by the processor in the normal mode.

Abstract: A signal output device includes a first selection unit operable to select a plurality of signal lines from a signal line group, a second selection unit operable to select a reference clock of signals carried by the selected signal lines, a determination unit operable to determine an output clock based on the reference clock and the number of selected signal lines, and an output control unit operable to sample the signals carried by the selected signal lines on every cycle of the reference clock and to sequentially output the sampled signals on every cycle of the output clock.

Abstract: A charging member is disclosed having a support and at least one cover layer provided on the support. The cover layer has an outermost layer of the cover layer placed at the outermost surface of the charging member; the outermost layer contains i) composite particles composed of first metal oxide particles coated with carbon black, ii) second metal oxide particles and iii) a binder.

Abstract: A signal output device includes a first selection unit operable to select a plurality of signal lines from a signal line group, a second selection unit operable to select a reference clock of signals carried by the selected signal lines, a determination unit operable to determine an output clock based on the reference clock and the number of selected signal lines, and an output control unit operable to sample the signals carried by the selected signal lines on every cycle of the reference clock and to sequentially output the sampled signals on every cycle of the output clock.