Abstract: A magnetism detecting element detects a leakage magnetism from a scale, on which a magnetic signal with a constant period is recorded, and a relative position between the scale and the magnetism detecting element is detected. The magnetism detecting elements are arranged, along a detection direction of the magnetic signal relative to the scale, in a pattern with a pitch of ½n (n is a prime number of 3 or more) of a wavelength ?? of a signal output by the element. Furthermore, as the pattern for cancelling m odd-order harmonics, the m-th power of 2 magnetism detecting elements are arranged within a range in which a pitch distance L of the magnetism detecting element farthest in the detection direction is expressed by L=(??/2)×(?+?+ 1/7+ . . . 1/(2m+1)).

Abstract: A magnetism detecting element detects a leakage magnetism from a scale, on which a magnetic signal with a constant period is recorded, and a relative position between the scale and the magnetism detecting element is detected. The magnetism detecting elements are arranged, along a detection direction of the magnetic signal relative to the scale, in a pattern with a pitch of ½n (n is a prime number of 3 or more) of a wavelength ?? of a signal output by the element. Furthermore, as the pattern for cancelling m odd-order harmonics, the m-th power of 2 magnetism detecting elements are arranged within a range in which a pitch distance L of the magnetism detecting element farthest in the detection direction is expressed by L=(??/2)×(?+?+ 1/7+ . . . 1/(2m+1)).

Abstract: A scale device includes a scale main body having at least two incremental tracks, at least two or more incremental signal detection heads for detecting incremental signals from the incremental tracks, and an operation processing unit that generates, based upon detection outputs by the two or more incremental signal detection heads, relative positional information in a measuring direction of a measuring axis and parallel movement amount information in a direction orthogonal to the measuring direction.

Abstract: A magnetism detecting element detects a leakage magnetism from a scale, on which a magnetic signal with a constant period is recorded, and a relative position between the scale and the magnetism detecting element is detected. The magnetism detecting elements are arranged, along a detection direction of the magnetic signal relative to the scale, in a pattern with a pitch of 1/2n (n is a prime number of 3 or more) of a wavelength ?? of a signal output by the element. Furthermore, as the pattern for cancelling m odd-order harmonics, the m-th power of 2 magnetism detecting elements are arranged within a range in which a pitch distance L of the magnetism detecting element farthest in the detection direction is expressed by L=(??/2)×(1/3+1/5+1/7+ . . . 1/(2m+1)).

Abstract: A magnetism detecting element detects a leakage magnetism from a scale, on which a magnetic signal with a constant period is recorded, and a relative position between the scale and the magnetism detecting element is detected. The magnetism detecting elements are arranged, along a detection direction of the magnetic signal relative to the scale, in a pattern with a pitch of ½n (n is a prime number of 3 or more) of a wavelength ?? of a signal output by the element. Furthermore, as the pattern for cancelling m odd-order harmonics, the m-th power of 2 magnetism detecting elements are arranged within a range in which a pitch distance L of the magnetism detecting element farthest in the detection direction is expressed by L=(??/2)×(?+?+ 1/7+ . . . 1/(2m+1)).

Abstract: A magnetism detecting element detects a leakage magnetism from a scale, on which a magnetic signal with a constant period is recorded, and a relative position between the scale and the magnetism detecting element is detected. The magnetism detecting elements are arranged, along a detection direction of the magnetic signal relative to the scale, in a pattern with a pitch of 1/2n (n is a prime number of 3 or more) of a wavelength ?? of a signal output by the element. Furthermore, as the pattern for cancelling m odd-order harmonics, the m-th power of 2 magnetism detecting elements are arranged within a range in which a pitch distance L of the magnetism detecting element farthest in the detection direction is expressed by L=(??/2)×(1/3+1/5+1/7+ . . . 1/(2m+1)).

Abstract: A highly accurate position detection is performed by the use of a magneto-resistance effect element such as a TMR element. At least two magnetic detecting elements 21-1 and 21-2 are provided to detect leakage magnetism from a scale 11 having a magnetic signal magnetically recorded thereon, and to output a recording signal of a position where the leakage magnetism is detected. The at least two magnetic detecting elements 21-1 and 21-2 are disposed side by side in a direction y perpendicular to a direction x of scanning the scale 11 and also disposed at positions approximately equidistant from a magnetic signal recording surface of the scale 11.

Abstract: A position detecting device that includes a recording medium provided with a first recording track in which a non-repetitive signal composed of binary information is recorded and a second recording track in which a signal for specifying a reading section within a section of information of 1 unit for the non-repetitive signal and information reading means that includes a first detection head and a second detection head and for reading each 1 unit information of the non-repetitive signal from the first recording track by using the first detection head in the reading section within a section of information of 1 unit for the non-repetitive signal specified based upon the signal recorded in the second recording track by the second detection head.

Abstract: A displacement detection apparatus includes a scale unit and a detection head unit. The scale unit has a reference track unit and sub-track units, the pitch directions of these units being different from one another. The detection head unit has three or more detection units configured to read scales of the reference track unit and the sub-track units and to output signals in accordance with the read scales. The three detection units detect displacement in two orthogonal directions on a plane parallel to a plane along which the detection head unit moves.

Abstract: A highly accurate position detection is performed by the use of a magneto-resistance effect element such as a TMR element. At least two magnetic detecting elements 21-1 and 21-2 are provided to detect leakage magnetism from a scale 11 having a magnetic signal magnetically recorded thereon, and to output a recording signal of a position where the leakage magnetism is detected. The at least two magnetic detecting elements 21-1 and 21-2 are disposed side by side in a direction y perpendicular to a direction x of scanning the scale 11 and also disposed at positions approximately equidistant from a magnetic signal recording surface of the scale 11.

Abstract: A magnetism detecting element detects a leakage magnetism from a scale, on which a magnetic signal with a constant period is recorded, and a relative position between the scale and the magnetism detecting element is detected. The magnetism detecting elements are arranged, along a detection direction of the magnetic signal relative to the scale, in a pattern with a pitch of 1/2n (n is a prime number of 3 or more) of a wavelength ?? of a signal output by the element. Furthermore, as the pattern for cancelling m odd-order harmonics, the m-th power of 2 magnetism detecting elements are arranged within a range in which a pitch distance L of the magnetism detecting element farthest in the detection direction is expressed by L=(??/2)×(1/3+1/5+1/7+ . . . 1/(2m+1)).

Abstract: A displacement detection apparatus includes a scale unit and a detection head unit. The scale unit has a reference track unit and sub-track units, the pitch directions of these units being different from one another. The detection head unit has three or more detection units configured to read scales of the reference track unit and the sub-track units and to output signals in accordance with the read scales. The three detection units detect displacement in two orthogonal directions on a plane parallel to a plane along which the detection head unit moves.

Abstract: To provide a position detecting device capable of easily obtaining a stable recording state without using “absence of record” upon reproducing a binary signal. The position detecting device is provided with a scale unit 10 having an absolute track 11 in which non-repetitive signals composed of binary information are recorded and an incremental track 12 in which a signal for specifying a reading section within a section of information of 1 unit for the non-repetitive signal is recorded; and within a reading section in a section of information of 1 unit for the repetitive signal specified based upon the signal recorded in the incremental track 12, each 1 unit information of the non-repetitive signal is read from the absolute track 11 by an absolute pattern detection head 21. In the absolute track 11, each 1 unit information is recorded in an effective section longer than the reading section within the section of information of 1 unit for the non-repetitive signal.

Abstract: A scale device includes a scale main body having at least two incremental tracks, at least two or more incremental signal detection heads for detecting incremental signals from the incremental tracks, and an operation processing unit that generates, based upon detection outputs by the two or more incremental signal detection heads, relative positional information in a measuring direction of a measuring axis and parallel movement amount information in a direction orthogonal to the measuring direction.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a position sensor including, a magnetic recording medium including two incremental layers and an absolute layer, the absolute layer provided between the incremental layers, each of the layers having magnetic information recorded therein, and a magnetic detection section including three magnetoresistance effect devices opposite to the layers of the magnetic recording medium, being moved relative to the magnetic recording medium in the extending direction of the layers, and being operative to detect the magnetic information in the layers by the magnetoresistance effect devices.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a position sensor including, a magnetic recording medium including two incremental layers and an absolute layer, the absolute layer provided between the incremental layers, each of the layers having magnetic information recorded therein, and a magnetic detection section including three magnetoresistance effect devices opposite to the layers of the magnetic recording medium, being moved relative to the magnetic recording medium in the extending direction of the layers, and being operative to detect the magnetic information in the layers by the magnetoresistance effect devices.

Abstract: In a magnetic sensor (1) including a substrate (10) having a magnetism-sensitive element (11) formed thereon, a hard membrane (14) is formed on the outermost surface, an organic film (13) to relieve the stress caused by the hard membrane (14) is formed under the hard membrane (14), and an inorganic film (12) to relieve the stress caused by the organic film (13) is formed between the organic film (13) and magnetism-sensitive element (11). Also, an intermediate film formed from an element having a large force of bonding to carbon may be formed between the organic film (13) and hard membrane (14). Thus, the magnetic sensor (MR sensor, for example) can be protected against an external shock.

Abstract: A sensor coil is provided on a core which forms a magnetic circuit for driving a linear motor, and the core is excited by electrifying the sensor coil at a high frequency. The high-frequency excitation is carried out in such a manner that the sensor coil is not magnetically saturated, and an eddy current is generated in the core. The impedance of the sensor coil is detected in this state and the quantity of a magnetic flux generated in the core constituting the magnetic circuit is detected on the basis of the impedance. Thus, the influence on the magnetic circuit itself is reduced and higher accuracy, miniaturization and lower power consumption are realized.

Abstract: In a magnetic sensor (1) including a substrate (10) having a magnetism-sensitive element (11) formed thereon, a hard membrane (14) is formed on the outermost surface, an organic film (13) to relieve the stress caused by the hard membrane (14) is formed under the hard membrane (14), and an inorganic film (12) to relieve the stress caused by the organic film (13) is formed between the organic film (13) and magnetism-sensitive element (11). Also, an intermediate film formed from an element having a large force of bonding to carbon may be formed between the organic film (13) and hard membrane (14). Thus, the magnetic sensor (MR sensor, for example) can be protected against an external shock.

Abstract: A position transducer capable of accurately detecting an n-bit code by a small number of ABS detectors when there is provided one ABS track. In an ABS head, the ABS detectors 101 to 10n+m are disposed for a distance &lgr;1 between the first ABS detector 101 and (n+m)th ABS detector 10n+m to satisfy a requirement (n−1)&lgr;+2&dgr;<&lgr;1 and a distance &lgr;2 between two successive ones of the ABS detectors to satisfy a requirement 2&dgr;<&lgr;2<&lgr;−2&dgr;, so that at least one ABS detector is opposite to a stable area T in each of micro-areas at n successive bits.