Abstract: A manual power transmission includes a transmission casing, input and output shafts coaxially aligned with each other and a layshaft accommodated within the transmission casing and positioned below the input and output shafts. The input and output shaft has a plurality of gears of a varying size or diameter mounted thereon and associated with gearshifting positions and the layshaft has a corresponding number of countergears of a varying size or diameter mounted thereon and paired with the gears on the input and output shafts. Some of the countergears which serve as an idle gear are so juxtaposed in a direction axially of the layshaft that an envelope enclosing all of the those countergears while touching respective outer perimeters of those remaining countergears represents a generally barrel shape having a generally intermediate portion thereof bulged radially outwardly with respect to the layshaft.

Abstract: An automatic transmission shift control system controls a line pressure for initiating a shift of an automatic transmission so that a duration between initiation of the shift and termination of a torque decline during the shift falls within a predetermined shift initiation time period. Also, a line pressure is controlled by the system for terminating a shift of the automatic transmission so that a duration between termination of a torque decline and termination of the shift falls within a predetermined shift termination time period. Both of the line pressures are used in a following shift control of the automatic transmission.

Abstract: A pair of magnetic recording parts are axially spaced on a rotating shaft and a pair of magnetic heads for recording and reproducing a location signal are respectively opposed to the respective magnetic recording parts. Torque of the rotating shaft is calculated based on a quantity of a phase shift of the location signals reproduced by the respective magnetic heads and rotating speed of the rotating shaft is calculated based on a reproducing frequency of the location signal reproduced by one of the magnetic heads so that the magnetic recording parts and the magnetic heads serves as a sensor for detecting both torque and rotating speed. Thus, a number of parts of the sensor is lessened, being compacted with low cost.