Abstract: There are provided an inorganic film in which the light transmittance is not decreased also when the inorganic film is laminated on organic material such as a resin, and a laminate. An inorganic film 13 which comprises a refractive index gradient film 13a having a refractive index changing continuously from n1 to n2 (n1<n2) and being a functional film; and a refractive index gradient film 13b having a refractive index changing continuously from n3 to n4 (n4<n3) and being a functional film, and in which further, a difference between n2 and n3 is 0.1 or less.

Abstract: There are provided an inorganic film in which the light transmittance is not decreased also when the inorganic film is laminated on organic material such as a resin, and a laminate. An inorganic film 13 which comprises a refractive index gradient film 13a having a refractive index changing continuously from n1 to n2 (n1<n2) and being a functional film; and a refractive index gradient film 13b having a refractive index changing continuously from n3 to n4 (n4<n3) and being a functional film, and in which further, a difference between n2 and n3 is 0.1 or less.

Abstract: A sol to form an inorganic-organic hybrid coating having a thick highly transparent hard coating is described. The hybrid coating is formed from a combined aqueous sol with least one hydrolyzable silane and at least one hydrolyzable metal oxide precursor where the only organic solvents present are those liberated upon hydrolysis of the silanes and metal oxide precursors. In one embodiment an inorganic-organic hybrid coating is formed by combination of a sol, prepared by the hydrolysis of tetraethoxysilane and ?-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane with an excess of water, and a sol, prepared by the hydrolysis of titanium tetrabutoxide and ?-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane with a deficiency of water. A plastic substrate can be coated with the combined sol and the combined sol gelled to a thickness of at least 5 ?m with heating to less than 150° C.

Abstract: The present invention provides a sealing material for a solar cell that seals a solar cell element of a solar cell in a short time in the production of a solar cell module, thereby enabling efficient production of solar cell modules. The sealing material for a solar cell of the present invention has a feature of containing 100 parts by weight of a modified butene-based resin that is produced by graft-modifying a butene-ethylene copolymer having a butene content of 1 to 25% by weight with maleic anhydride and has a total content of the maleic anhydride of 0.1 to 3% by weight, and 0.1 to 15 parts by weight of a silane compound having an epoxy group.

Abstract: The present invention provides a sealing material for a solar cell that seals a solar cell element of a solar cell in a short time in the production of a solar cell module, thereby enabling efficient production of solar cell modules. The sealing material for a solar cell of the present invention has a feature of containing 100 parts by weight of a modified butene-based resin that is produced by graft-modifying a butene-ethylene copolymer having a butene content of 1 to 25% by weight with maleic anhydride and has a total content of the maleic anhydride of 0.1 to 3% by weight, and 0.1 to 15 parts by weight of a silane compound having an epoxy group.

Abstract: A sol to form an inorganic-organic hybrid coating having a thick highly transparent hard coating is described. The hybrid coating is formed from a combined aqueous sol with least one hydrolyzable silane and at least one hydrolyzable metal oxide precursor where the only organic solvents present are those liberated upon hydrolysis of the silanes and metal oxide precursors. In one embodiment an inorganic-organic hybrid coating is formed by combination of a sol, prepared by the hydrolysis of tetraethoxysilane and ?-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane with an excess of water, and a sol, prepared by the hydrolysis of titanium tetrabutoxide and ?-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane with a deficiency of water. A plastic substrate can be coated with the combined sol and the combined sol gelled to a thickness of at least 5 ?m with heating to less than 150° C.

Abstract: A sol to form an inorganic-organic hybrid coating having a thick highly transparent hard coating is described. The hybrid coating is formed from a combined aqueous sol with least one hydrolyzable silane and at least one hydrolyzable metal oxide precursor where the only organic solvents present are those liberated upon hydrolysis of the silanes and metal oxide precursors. In one embodiment an inorganic-organic hybrid coating is formed by combination of a sol, prepared by the hydrolysis of tetraethoxysilane and ?-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane with an excess of water, and a sol, prepared by the hydrolysis of titanium tetrabutoxide and ?-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane with a deficiency of water. A plastic substrate can be coated with the combined sol and the combined sol gelled to a thickness of at least 5 ?m with heating to less than 150° C.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a flexible solar cell module which makes it possible to suitably produce flexible solar cell modules in which a solar cell element and a solar cell encapsulant sheet are well adhered to each other by encapsulating a solar cell by roll-to-roll processing in a continuous manner without the need to perform a crosslinking process and without causing wrinkles and curls.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a flexible solar cell module which makes it possible to suitably produce flexible solar cell modules in which a solar cell element and a solar cell encapsulant sheet are well adhered to each other by encapsulating a solar cell by roll-to-roll processing in a continuous manner without the need to perform a crosslinking process and without causing wrinkles and curls.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a flexible solar cell module which makes it possible to encapsulate a solar cell in a continuous manner without the need to perform a crosslinking process and highly efficiently produce flexible solar cell modules in which a solar cell and a solar cell encapsulant sheet are well adhered to each other without causing wrinkles and curls.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a solar cell encapsulant sheet which makes it possible to suitably produce flexible solar cell modules in which the solar cell encapsulant sheet is well adhered to a solar cell element by encapsulating a solar cell element by roll-to-roll processing in a continuous manner without the need to perform a crosslinking process and without causing wrinkles and curls. The present invention provides a solar cell encapsulant sheet including a fluoropolymer sheet and an adhesive layer that includes a maleic anhydride-modified olefin resin on the fluoropolymer sheet, the maleic anhydride-modified olefin resin being a resin in which an ?-olefin-ethylene copolymer that includes 1 to 25% by weight of ?-olefin units is graft-modified with maleic anhydride, and a total amount of maleic anhydride being 0.1 to 3% by weight.

Abstract: The present invention provides a sealing material for a solar cell that seals a solar cell element of a solar cell in a short time in the production of a solar cell module, thereby enabling efficient production of solar cell modules. The sealing material for a solar cell of the present invention has a feature of containing 100 parts by weight of a modified butene-based resin that is produced by graft-modifying a butene-ethylene copolymer having a butene content of 1 to 25% by weight with maleic anhydride and has a total content of the maleic anhydride of 0.1 to 3% by weight, and 0.1 to 15 parts by weight of a silane compound having an epoxy group.

Abstract: The present invention provides an underside protective sheet for solar cell that is excellent in gas barrier properties to oxygen, moisture vapor, and the like. The underside protective sheet for solar cell of the present invention contains a composite base material 1 containing a polymer having a moisture vapor transmission rate of 10 g/m2·day or less measured in accordance with JIS K7126 at 23° C. with a relative humidity of 90% at a thickness of 100 ?m, and plate-like inorganic particles, and a sol-gel layer 2 laminated and integrated on the composite base material 1 and formed by hardening one or more compounds selected from (A) a silicon compound represented by R1nSi(OX)4-n or a hydrolysate thereof, (B) an organometal compound represented by M(OX)m or a hydrolysate thereof, and (C) an alkali metal polysilicate.

Abstract: The present invention provides an underside protective sheet for solar cell that is excellent in gas barrier properties to oxygen, moisture vapor, and the like. The underside protective sheet for solar cell of the present invention contains a composite base material containing a polymer having a moisture vapor transmission rate of 10 g/m2·day or less measured in accordance with JIS K7126 at 23° C. with a relative humidity of 90% at a thickness of 100 ?m, and plate-like inorganic particles, and a vapor-deposited film and a base material film that are laminated and integrated on the composite base material, and thus, has excellent barrier properties to oxygen, moisture vapor, and the like.

Abstract: A sol to form an inorganic-organic hybrid coating having a thick highly transparent hard coating is described. The hybrid coating is formed from a combined aqueous sol with least one hydrolyzable silane and at least one hydrolyzable metal oxide precursor where the only organic solvents present are those liberated upon hydrolysis of the silanes and metal oxide precursors. In one embodiment an inorganic-organic hybrid coating is formed by combination of a sol, prepared by the hydrolysis of tetraethoxysilane and ?-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane with an excess of water, and a sol, prepared by the hydrolysis of titanium tetrabutoxide and ?-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane with a deficiency of water. A plastic substrate can be coated with the combined sol and the combined sol gelled to a thickness of at least 5 ?m with heating to less than 150° C.

Abstract: A composite hybrid coating having a thick highly transparent hard coating with excellent barrier properties is described. The hybrid coating is the gelled dispersion of nanoparticles in a sol with least one hydrolyzable silane and at least one hydrolyzable metal oxide precursor. In one embodiment a composite hybrid coating is formed by the curing of a dispersion formed by the addition of a suspension of boehmite nanoplatelets in a sol prepared by the hydrolysis of tetraethoxysilane, ?-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane and titanium tetrabutoxide in ethanol. A plastic substrate can be coated with the dispersion and the dispersion gelled to a thickness of at least 5 ?m with heating to less than 150° C.

Abstract: An apparatus to be applicable as a boiler for incinerating wet refuse in a combustion chamber with a fluid and heat medium of solid particles fluidized by an air feed to form a fluidized bed, with the aid of combustion of auxiliary fuel effected below the fluidized bed, is provided with additional one or more adjacent upper fluidized fed chambers in series to have the wet refuse dried and partially incinerated in the lower primary fluidized bed chamber with the balance of the refuse in a form of unburnt carbon particles being forced to fly upward into the additional upper fluidized bed chambers and be incinerated therein. Heat recovery is carried out from a topmost fluidized bed chamber.