Abstract: A control circuit allows a memory to start a data write through external access at a time point corresponding to timing O. When a reproduction switch is operated at a time point corresponding to timing Y, the control circuit interrupts the write operation at the memory by deactivating a write control signal. The control circuit also allows the memory to start a read operation by activating a read control signal. The data read out from the memory are provided to an encoder/decoder circuit. Once the data read is completed, the control circuit deactivates the read control signal and activates the write control signal at a time point corresponding to timing P. The memory resumes the data write operation through the external access which has been interrupted since the time point Y.

Abstract: An electronic apparatus including a motherboard, a plurality of multi-chip modules mounted to the motherboard and cooling members for cooling the multi-chip modules. A refrigeration unit is arranged to deliver cooling water to the cooling members. A connection structure is provided for each multi-chip module for thermally and mechanically releasably coupling each multi-chip module to the refrigeration unit.

Abstract: A refrigeration system allows the refrigerant to circulate through a closed circulation channel. A dry evaporator is incorporated in the circulation channel. The dry evaporator is designed to keep a quality smaller than 1.0 in evaporating the refrigerant. The quantity of heat transfer per unit area, namely, a heat transfer coefficient depends on the quality. The heat transfer coefficient remarkably drops when the quality of the refrigerant exceeds a predetermined threshold level before the quality actually reaches 1.0. The quality of the refrigerant kept below the predetermined threshold level during vaporization of the refrigerant in the dry evaporator allows a reliable establishment of a higher performance of cooling. On the other hand, if a refrigerant completely evaporates in a dry evaporator in a conventional manner, the heat transfer coefficient of the refrigerant remarkably drops after the quality of the refrigerant exceeds the predetermined threshold level.

Abstract: In a facsimile communication method, when a home facsimile machine makes the transition to simplified protocol phase B because of sensing polarity inversion, CED reception from an associated machine, etc., it stores 9600 bps as the initial value of control signal communication speed and sends a communication speed notification signal of the frequency corresponding to the stored communication speed to the associated machine, then sends an NSS thereto at the stored communication speed. When receiving the communication speed notification signal, the associated machine previously senses execution of the simplified protocol and the communication speed of the subsequently received NSS from the notification signal and receives the NSS at the sensed communication speed, then sends a communication speed notification signal of the frequency corresponding to the sensed communication speed and subsequently sends an NSF at the communication speed.

Abstract: A color image reading apparatus improves the reproducibility of colors at the black level end of the brightness scale of each of component color images of an original medium. The color image reading apparatus includes an illuminating unit that illuminates the original medium such as a film original, an imaging device that forms images of the original medium based on three component colors of red, green and blue and outputs a red color signal, a green color signal and a blue color signal, a gain controlled amplifying device that amplifies each of the component color signals output from the imaging device and a gain setting device that sets a common, adjustable gain for each of the component color signals using the single amplifying device.

Abstract: A fuel-effusion prevention valve includes a first housing member having an evaporation passage, a first engaging portion and a first cylindrical portion, and a second housing member having a partition portion, a communicating passage, a second engaging portion and a second cylindrical portion. The first cylindrical portion is formed so as to extend axially from the first engaging portion, and its diameter is smaller than that of the second engaging portion. The second cylindrical portion is formed so as to extend axially from the second engaging portion. A floating valve is disposed in a chamber so as to be able to open and close the valve hole in response to its buoyancy due to fuel flowing into the second chamber through the communicating passage. The first cylindrical portion is fused with the second cylindrical portion. A circular seal member is fitted into an installation hole formed on the fuel tank and its inner hole is fitted onto the outer circumferential surface of the first cylindrical portion.

Abstract: A two-port electromagnetic valve is disclosed. The electromagnetic valve incorporates a first port, a second port and a passage for communicating the first and second ports and a cylindrical bobbin having an electrical coil. A fixed core is arranged inside the cylindrical bobbin and has an inner space defined therein. A movable core is arranged near the fixed core. A valve is connected with the movable core for opening and closing the passage between both the ports. An insert member is arranged into the inner space of the fixed core.

Abstract: Disclosed is a data communication method using a plurality of communication lines. In the method, a larger number of communication lines than the number of communication lines to be actually used for communication are connected, then other communication lines are disconnected when the number of communication lines to be actually used for communication are secured, and data are transmitted in parallel by means of the communication lines secured.

Abstract: An apparatus comprises an image sensing optical system including an image pickup element for converting an image to an electrical signal and a projection lens for projecting an image onto a photo-sensing plane of the image pickup element. The image sensing optical system is driven along an optical axis thereof while maintaining a relative positional relationship between the projection lens and the image pickup element to adjust the focal position. An apparatus may also comprise an image sensing optical system including an image pickup element for scanning an image to convert it to an electrical signal and a projection lens for projecting an image onto a photo-sensing plane of the image pickup element, a focus adjusting device for adjusting a focal position of the image sensing optical system and a detector for detecting an in-focus position of the image sensing optical system to the object.

Abstract: A data communication method in which a transmitting station divides data into a plurality of data blocks and transmits the data blocks in parallel through a plurality of communication lines, and a receiving station receives the data blocks transmitted from the transmitting station through the plurality of communication lines and composes the data blocks into original data. In the data communication method, it is detected that a new transmission request is present during a parallel data transmission through a plurality of communication lines, one or more of the communication lines are released to continuously use the remaining communication lines for the parallel data transmission in response to the detected new transmission request, and a new data transmission is performed through the released communication line or lines.

Abstract: A variable valve timing system in an engine having a rotating cam-shaft includes a timing pulley driven by the engine and a damper case rotatably fixed to the crank-shaft. A piston is movable in a space defined by the timing pulley and the damper case and has helical gears engaging helical gears of the timing pulley and damper case such that the angular position between the timing pulley and the damper case varies as the piston is moved. Movement of the piston is induced by hydraulic pressure in a pressure chamber selectively connected to hydraulic pressure by an electronically controlled solenoid valve. Engaging labyrinth grooves on the timing pulley and damper case damp rotational vibrations which would otherwise be induced by variations in the torque applied to the damper case, and so prevent undesirable movement of the piston.

Abstract: A supercharging pressure control device for an internal combustion engine provided with a supercharger includes a first intake passage interposed between the engine and the supercharger, a second intake passage interposed between a throttle valve and the supercharger, a by-pass passage interposed between first and second passages for by-passing the supercharger, a supercharging pressure control valve interposed between first and second passage for controlling the opening and closing of the by-pass passage and a control valve interposed between the first intake passage and the supercharging pressure control valve for increasing the value of the positive pressure in accordance with the increase of the RPM of the engine and the opening degree of the throttle valve.

Abstract: A pressure regulator for regulating a pressure differential between a fuel pressure and an intake manifold vacuum, which includes a casing member, a diaphragm dividing the casing member into a vacuum chamber and a fuel pressure chamber, a valve member associated with the diaphragm, and a spring biasing the diaphragm and constructed of a material having a temperature-actuated shape memory alloy.