Abstract: A cyclic amine compound represented by the following general formula (1): wherein, R1, R2 and R3 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an alkoxy group; W1 an W2 each independently represent N or CH; X represents O, NR4, CONR4 or NR4CO; R4 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, or an alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl, or heteroalkyl group; and l, m and n each represents a number of 0 to 1, a salt thereof and a hydrate thereof are provided. These compounds have inhibitory effects on both cell adhesion and cell infiltration and are useful as anti-asthmatic agents, anti-allergic agents, anti-rheumatic agents, anti-arteriosclerotic agents, anti-inflammatory agents, anti-Sjogren's syndrome agents or the like.

Abstract: A compound of formula (1): wherein A is a single bond, C≡C, CONH or NHCO; W is a carbon atom or a nitrogen atom; X is CH, a nitrogen atom, an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom; Y is CH, CHR1, in which R1 is a hydrogen atom, or a lower alkyl, hydroxy lower alkyl, lower alkoxy-lower-alkyl, aryl, aryl-lower-alkyl or heteroaryl-lower-alkyl group, a nitrogen atom, an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom or NR2, in which R2 is a hydrogen atom, or a lower alkyl, hydroxy lower alkyl, lower alkoxy-lower-alkyl, aryl, aryl-lower-alkyl or heteroaryl-lower-alkyl group; Z is a nitrogen atom, an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, CH or NR3, in which R3 is a hydrogen atom, or a lower alkyl, hydroxy lower alkyl, lower alkoxy-lower-alkyl, aryl, aryl-lower-alkyl or heteroaryl-lower-alkyl group; m is 1 or 2; and n is a number of 1 to 5, with the proviso that one or two of W, X, Y and Z are heteroatoms; an acid-addition salt thereof, or a hydrate thereof.

Abstract: A piperazine compound represented by formula (1): wherein X is —CH2—, —C(O)— or —CH(CH3)—; R1 is a hydrogen atom or alkyl group; and R2 is a hydrogen atom, alkyl group, hydroxyalkyl group, arylalkyl group, heteroarylalkyl group, carboxyalkyl group, carboxamidoalkyl group, aminoalkyl group or guanidinoalkyl group; an acid-addition salt thereof, or a hydrate thereof. The compound has excellent inhibitory effects on both cell adhesion and cell infiltration and is useful for prevention or treatment of diseases such as allergy, asthma, rheumatism, arteriosclerosis and inflammation.

Abstract: A sulfonamide compound of the formula (I):

Abstract: A novel benzimidazole derivative or a salt thereof is provided, which is represented by the formula: wherein R1 represents an alkyl group, etc., R2 represents a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic lower alkyl group, R3 represents an alkyl group, etc., and -X- is represented by the following formula (V): etc. This derivative or a salt thereof is useful as medicine.

Abstract: A cyclic amine compound represented by the following general formula (1): wherein, R1, R2 and R3 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an alkoxy group; W1 and W2 each independently represent N or CH; X represents O, NR4, CONR4 or NR4CO; R4 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, or an alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl, or heteroaralkyl group; and l, m and n each represents a number of 0 or 1, a salt thereof and a hydrate thereof are provided. These compounds have inhibitory effects on both cell adhesion and cell infiltration and are useful as anti-asthmatic agents, anti-allergic agents, anti-rheumatic agents, anti-arteriosclerotic agents, anti-inflammatory agents, anti-Sjogren's syndrome agents or the like.

Abstract: A sulfonamide compound of the formula (I): R1—SO2NHCO—A—R2  (I) wherein R1 is alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl and the like; A is an optionally substituted heteropolycyclic group except benzimidazolyl, indolyl, 4,7-dihydrobenzimidazolyl and 2,3-dihydrobenzoxazinyl; X is alkylene, oxa, oxa(lower)alkylene and the like; and R2 is optionally substituted aryl, substituted biphenylyl and the like, a salt thereof and a pharmaceutical composition comprising the same. The sulfonamide compound is effective for the diseases treatable based on their blood sugar level-depressing activity, cGMP-PDE (especially PDE-V)-inhibiting activity, smooth muscle relaxing activity, bronchodilating activity, vasodilating activity, smooth muscle cell suppressing activity, and antiallergic activity.

Abstract: 4-Hydroxy-2-pyrrolidinone which is useful as a raw material of drugs can be produced rapidly and highly selectively in a high yield from an optically active or recemic 4-amino-3-hydroxybutylic acid derivative or a 4-azido-3-hydroxybutyric acid derivative by adding a base catalyst to the reaction system. 4-Hydroxy-2-pyrrolidinone having a high optical purity can be obtained by carrying out recrystallization of optically active 4-hydroxy-2-pyrrolidinone without using a poor solvent.

Abstract: Novel aromatic ring derivatives represented by formula (I) or their pharmaceutical acceptable salts are provided. wherein Nu represents a 5- or 6-membered aromatic ring; ch1 and ch2 each represents a cross-linking group; and A represents an aromatic ring. These compounds have blood sugar-depressing activity or PDE 5 inhibitory activity and are useful as medicines for treating impaired glucose tolerance, diabetes, diabetic complications, syndrome of insulin-resistance, polycystic ovary syndrome, hyperlipidemia, atherosclerosis, cardiovascular disorders, hyperglycemia, hypertension, stenocardia, pulmonary hypertension, congestive heart failure, glomerulopathy, tubulointerstitial disorders, renal failure, angiostenosis, distal angiopathy, cerebral apoplexy, chronic reversible obstructions, autoimmune diseases, allergic rhinitis, urticaria, glaucoma, diseases characterized by enteromotility disorders, impotence, nephritis, cachexia, pancreatitis, restenosis after PTCA, etc.

Abstract: 4-Hydroxy-2-pyrrolidinone which is useful as a raw material of drugs can be produced rapidly and highly selectively in a high yield from an optically active or recemic 4-amino-3-hydroxybutylic acid derivative or a 4-azido-3-hydroxybutyric acid derivative by adding a base catalyst to the reaction system. 4-Hydroxy-2-pyrrolidinone having a high optical purity can be obtained by carrying out recrystallization of optically active 4-hydroxy-2-pyrrolidinone without using a poor solvent.

Abstract: 4-Hydroxy-2-pyrrolidinone which is useful as a raw material of drugs can be produced rapidly and highly selectively in a high yield from an optically active or recemic 4-amino-3-hydroxybutylic acid derivative or a 4-azido-3-hydroxybutyric acid derivative by adding a base catalyst to the reaction system. 4-Hydroxy-2-pyrrolidinone having a high optical purity can be obtained by carrying out recrystallization of optically active 4-hydroxy-2-pyrrolidinone without using a poor solvent.

Abstract: A purified acid addition salt of a (2S, 3S, 5S)-2,5-diamino-1,6-diphenyl-3-hydroxyhexane, e.g., (2S, 3S, 5S)-2-tert-butoxycarbonylamino-3-hydroxy-5-amino-1,6-diphenylhexane, is obtained from its mixture, in an arbitrary ratio, with its (2S, 3S, 5R) stereoisomer in the presence of an inorganic or organic acid. The desired (2S, 3S, 5S) acid addition salt may be recovered from the mixture by, for example, recrystallization. These purified acid addition salts are useful as intermediates in the synthesis of medicines such as retrovirus protease inhibitors including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) protease inhibitors.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for preparing a 2-isoxazoline compound represented by formula (1) and a 2,5-diamino-1,6-diphenyl-3-hydroxyhexane compound obtainable by reducing the 2-isoxazoline compound and represented by formula (6): ##STR1## wherein Ph is phenyl; and each of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently represents hydrogen, acyl, alkyloxycarbonyl, arylalkyloxycarbonyl, aryloxycarbonyl, alkylaminocarbonyl, arylalkylaminocarbonyl, arylaminocarbonyl, alkyl, arylalkyl, aryl, alkylsulfonyl, acylalkylsulfonyl, or arylsulfonyl, or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are linked to each other to form divalent acyl. These compounds are useful as intermediates in the synthesis of medicines such as retrovirus protease inhibitors including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) protease inhibitors.

Abstract: The present invention provides useful intermediates for the synthesis of 2,5-diamino-1,6-diphenyl-3-hydroxyhexane derivatives which serve as intermediates in the synthesis of medicines such as retrovirus protease inhibitors including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) protease inhibitors, and a method for preparing these intermediates using the former intermediates.More particularly, the invention provides methods for preparing a 2-isoxazoline derivative represented by formula ?1! and a 2,5-diamino-1,6-diphenyl-3-hydroxyhexane derivative obtainable by reducing the 2-isoxazoline derivative and represented by formula ?6!: ##STR1## (wherein Ph is phenyl; and each of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently represents hydrogen, acyl, alkyloxycarbonyl, arylalkyloxycarbonyl, aryloxycarbonyl, alkylaminocarbonyl, arylalkylaminocarbonyl, arylaminocarbonyl, alkyl, arylalkyl, aryl, alkylsulfonyl, arylalkylsulfonyl, or arylsulfonyl, or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are linked to each other to represent divalent acyl).

Abstract: A pipe joint assembly of the type including a joint body formed with a stepped bore the small diameter portion of which is formed to be coupled with a pipe inserted therein, a retainer sleeve member having a cylindrical portion coupled within the larger diameter portion of the stepped bore and a pair of diametrically opposed clamp arms integrally formed with the cylindrical portion and engaged at their external faces with corresponding radial openings of the joint body and at their internal faces with an annular projection of the pipe, and a detachment socket having an annular body portion located in surrounding relationship with the pipe, a plurality of arm portions extended in parallel from the annular body portion in an axial direction and coupled with the joint body and a plurality of leg portions extended in parallel from the annular body portion at each position circumferentially spaced from the arm portions to be located in a space between the clamp arms of the sleeve member.

Abstract: A process for preparing 3-deoxy-.beta.-D-threo-pentofuransyl nucleosides having the formula (II') shown below: ##STR1## wherein B is a purine, pyrimidine, a protected purine or a protected pyrimidine, andR.sup.4 is a hydroxyl protecting group;comprising treating a compound of formula (I'): ##STR2## wherein B is a purine, a protected purine, a pyrimidine or a protected pyrimidine;R.sup.1 is pivaloyl, tosyl, dimethoxytrityl, benzoyl, or hydroxyl;R.sup.2 is mesyl, triflate, or tosyl; andR.sup.3 is pivaloyl, tosyl, dimethoxytrityl, benzoyl, and hydroxyl with a base--an alkaki metal lower alkoxide, an alkaline earth metal lower alkoxide, sodium hydroxide, or potassium hydroxide--along with a reducing agent--an alkali metal borohydride, an alkaline earth metal borohydride, tetraalkylammonium borohydride in an alcohol solvent at a temperature of from 0.degree. C. to 100.degree. C. for five minutes to two hours. The resulting 3'-deoxy-.beta.-D-threo-pentofuranosyl nucleosides are antiviral.

Abstract: The antiviral agent 2',3'-dideoxy-2'-azido-adenosine, a 5'-O- and N6- dimethoxytrityl precursor, and a synthetic intermediate, 2',3'-dideoxy-2'-iodo-adenosinie are disclosed.

Abstract: An experimental nuclear fusion reactor comprising a coaxial plasma gun which has an outer electrode and an inner electrode arranged coaxially with each other, a metallic container which generates an annular plasma round a center conductor and which holds a poroidal magnetic flux, an inlet which introduces a plasma from the coaxial plasma gun into the container, and conductor members which electrically connect the center conductor, either of the outer and inner electrodes, the inlet and the container in succession so as to form a closed circuit, wherein current to flow through the closed circuit is controlled to hold a toroidal magnetic flux of the annular plasma.

Abstract: In a thin film EL display device wherein a transparent electrode, a first dielectric layer, an EL emission layer, a second dielectric layer and a back electrode are laminated in order on a transluscent substrate, a 10 nm-200 nm thickness of thin film made of calcium sulfide or a mixture containing calcium sulfide which is formed by an electron beam vapor deposition method provided between the first dielectric layer and the EL emission layer and between the EL emission layer and the second dielectric layer, thereby obtaining a thin film EL display device which maintains a stable operation for a long period even when it is driven by A.C. pulses which are a symmetric with respect to the time relationship of the driving pulses (e.g.

Abstract: An electroluminescent display panel formed of phosphor and dielectric layers sandwiched between opposing mutually intersecting arrays of drive electrodes, has the thickness of the phosphor layer set to a value which provides minimum power consumption, for a given level of display brightness. This is achieved by determining a value of capacitance per unit area of the panel which results in a maximum allowable value of time being required to charge each display element, then determining a value of phosphor layer thickness providing minimum power consumption, using the latter value of capacitance and the known value of light emission efficiency of the display.