Abstract: A data transfer circuit (40) according to the invention includes a memory (41) configured to write data in accordance with a write pointer in synchronization with a first clock, and read out the data in accordance with a readout pointer in synchronization with a second clock, a clock generation circuit (44) configured to generate the second clock by multiplying a reference clock by a rational number N, a frequency error estimation circuit (42) configured to estimate a frequency error between the first clock and the second clock based on a change amount of a pointer difference between the write pointer and the readout pointer, and an adjustment circuit (43) configured to output, as an adjustment multiple ?N, a value obtained by dividing the estimated frequency error by a frequency of the reference clock. The clock generation circuit (44) generates the second clock by multiplying the reference clock by a rational number (N+?N) using the adjustment multiple ?N output from the adjustment circuit (43).

Abstract: Fourier transform is performed on a reception signal to obtain a first calculation value. Fourier transform is performed on a known signal to obtain a second calculation value. The first calculation value is divided by the second calculation value to obtain a third calculation value. Inverse Fourier transform is performed on the third calculation value to obtain a fourth calculation value. A maximum value of an amplitude of the fourth calculation value and a sample point at which the maximum value is obtained are detected. The position of the known signal in the reception signal is detected from the sample point at which the maximum value is obtained.

Abstract: Fourier transform is performed on a reception signal to obtain a first calculation value. Fourier transform is performed on a known signal to obtain a second calculation value. The first calculation value is divided by the second calculation value to obtain a third calculation value. Inverse Fourier transform is performed on the third calculation value to obtain a fourth calculation value. A maximum value of an amplitude of the fourth calculation value and a sample point at which the maximum value is obtained are detected. The position of the known signal in the reception signal is detected from the sample point at which the maximum value is obtained.

Abstract: An FIR filter convolutes sampled data obtained by sampling a reception signal with tap coefficients. A phase difference detector detects a phase difference between a synchronization timing of a signal waveform estimated from an output signal of the FIR filter and a sampling timing of the output signal. A tap coefficient adjuster adjusts the tap coefficients so as to reduce the phase difference detected by the phase difference detector and causes the sampling timing of the output signal of the FIR filter to track the synchronization timing.

Abstract: An FIR filter convolutes sampled data obtained by sampling a reception signal with tap coefficients. A phase difference detector detects a phase difference between a synchronization timing of a signal waveform estimated from an output signal of the FIR filter and a sampling timing of the output signal. A tap coefficient adjuster adjusts the tap coefficients so as to reduce the phase difference detected by the phase difference detector and causes the sampling timing of the output signal of the FIR filter to track the synchronization timing.

Abstract: A light modulation device detects a power of the modulated optical signal modulated by each of an I-component optical modulator and a Q-component optical modulator, synchronously-detects a component of a frequency fd from the power of the modulated optical signal, outputs a dither signal of a frequency fd/n (where n is a positive integer equal to or larger than 1) applied to a first bias voltage or a second bias voltage when adjusting the first bias voltage or the second bias voltage, outputs two dither signals having a frequency fd/m (where m is a positive integer equal to or larger than 1, where n<m), which are mutually orthogonal to each other, applied to the first and second bias voltages when adjusting a third bias voltage, and adjusting bias voltages by increasing or decreasing bias voltages based on a synchronous detection result.

Abstract: A light modulation device detects a power of the modulated optical signal modulated by each of an I-component optical modulator and a Q-component optical modulator, synchronously-detects a component of a frequency fd from the power of the modulated optical signal, outputs a dither signal of a frequency fd/n (where n is a positive integer equal to or larger than 1) applied to a first bias voltage or a second bias voltage when adjusting the first bias voltage or the second bias voltage, outputs two dither signals having a frequency fd/m (where m is a positive integer equal to or larger than 1, where n<m), which are mutually orthogonal to each other, applied to the first and second bias voltages when adjusting a third bias voltage, and adjusting bias voltages by increasing or decreasing bias voltages based on a synchronous detection result.

Abstract: An optical signal transmitter of the present invention includes: two phase modulating portions; a phase shifter which displaces carrier phases of two output lights from the phase modulating portions by ?/2; a multiplexing portion which multiplexes two signal lights, carrier phases of the two signal lights being made orthogonal to each other by the phase shifter; a drive signal electrode portion which supplies a differential data signal to each of four paths of interference optical waveguides, each of the two phase modulating portions having the interference optical waveguides, the differential data signal having an amplitude which is equal to a half-wave voltage V? of the two phase modulating portions; a drive amplifier which amplifies the differential data signal to be supplied to each of the four paths of the interference optical waveguides; a data bias electrode portion which supplies a total of four data bias voltages to two arms, each of the two phase modulating portions having the two arms; an orthogona

Abstract: An optical signal transmitter of the present invention includes: two phase modulating portions; a phase shifter which displaces carrier phases of two output lights from the phase modulating portions by ?/2; a multiplexing portion which multiplexes two signal lights, carrier phases of the two signal lights being made orthogonal to each other by the phase shifter; a drive signal electrode portion which supplies a differential data signal to each of four paths of interference optical waveguides, each of the two phase modulating portions having the interference optical waveguides, the differential data signal having an amplitude which is equal to a half-wave voltage V? of the two phase modulating portions; a drive amplifier which amplifies the differential data signal to be supplied to each of the four paths of the interference optical waveguides; a data bias electrode portion which supplies a total of four data bias voltages to two arms, each of the two phase modulating portions having the two arms; an orthogona

Abstract: A scenario display method, apparatus and computer program for displaying in a current scene, included as one of a plurality of sequential scenes of a scenario, information indicating relations between the current scene and scenes occurring before and after the current scene. Relation information is stored indicating relations between actors, resources and actions performed by the actors on the resources with respect to the scenes. Information of a current scene including actors, resources and actions performed by the actors on the resources is displayed. A retrieval operation is performed to retrieve information indicating relations between the resource of the current scene and actions performed on the resources of the current scene by actors in scenes occurring before and after the current scene. The retrieved information is displayed in the current scene.

Abstract: A scenario display method, apparatus and computer program for displaying in a current scene, included as one of a plurality of sequential scenes of a scenario, information indicating relations between the current scene and scenes occurring before and after the current scene. Relation information is stored indicating relations between actors, resources and actions performed by the actors on the resources with respect to the scenes. Information of a current scene including actors, resources and actions performed by the actors on the resources is displayed. A retrieval operation is performed to retrieve information indicating relations between the resource of the current scene and actions performed on the resources of the current scene by actors in scenes occurring before and after the current scene. The retrieved information is displayed in the current scene.

Abstract: A program described by using a graphic representation is edited and a text language type programming language is generated from the edited graphic representation. A data table for managing data to be used in programming, a process management table for managing processes applicable to the data and a program table for storing step information of the program are prepared. By using those data, the data and the processes applicable to the data are displayed and a user selects from those displays to graphically represent the program and store the step information of the program in the program table. The delivery of the data during the process is represented by the designation of the data sharing by ports accompanied with the graphic representation. Finally, the target program is generated from the program table.

Abstract: A support shaft has an integral protrusion which is abuttingly engageable with an arcuate portion of a support panel for limiting rotation of the support panel relative to the support shaft. A protrusion is provided at each axial end of the support shaft, while an opening with a slit-like opening portion is provided on each side panel of a seat back frame. The protrusion at each axial end of the support shaft and the opening at each side panel are constructed and arranged so that each axial end is capable of passing through the opening only when the support shaft is held in a particular position. The support shaft is put out of the particular position when in use such that each axial end is prevented from slipping out of the opening.

Abstract: A method for detecting and determining a volatile or volatilizable substance in an aqueous solution or liquid and an apparatus employed for this method are disclosed. The volatile component, vaporized from the solution through a water repellent and gas permeable membrane, is brought into contact with a dried or partially dried transparent film-like color developing carrier which is provided adjacent to the membrane, and the determination is carried out by the degree of color-change of the carrier. The apparatus comprises a cover plate with sample holes, a membrane, a color developing carrier, and a cover plate with observation windows. The members are fitted tightly together to form a single composite layer.