Abstract: A liquid crystal device includes a first substrate, a second substrate, a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, the liquid crystal layer including liquid crystal molecules, a spacer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, the spacer being configured to define a distance between the first substrate and the second substrate, an electrode disposed between the first substrate or the second substrate and the liquid crystal layer, the electrode being configured to apply an electric field to the liquid crystal layer, and an inorganic oriented film disposed between the electrode and the liquid crystal layer.

Abstract: In a liquid crystal device, a first pixel area is provided in a pixel area of a first substrate, and a second pixel area is provided between the first pixel area and a seal material. The first pixel area has a first pixel electrode to which an image signal is applied, the image signal having a potential alternately switching between a positive polarity and a negative polarity with reference to a first central potential. The second pixel area includes a second pixel electrode to which a first driving potential is applied, the first driving potential having a potential alternately switching between a positive polarity and a negative polarity with reference to a second central potential, the first central potential and the second central potential having a potential difference set therebetween. Therefore, ionic impurities can be efficiently swept from the first pixel area to the second pixel area.

Abstract: An electro-optical device includes a display region and a peripheral region located around the display region, the electro-optical device including a first substrate, a second substrate, an electro-optical layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, the electro-optical layer having an optical property that varies in accordance with an electric field, a spacer disposed in the peripheral region and having an insulating property, the spacer being configured to define a distance between the first substrate and the second substrate, and a peripheral electrode disposed in the peripheral region, the peripheral electrode being configured to trap an ionic impurity present in the electro-optical layer, wherein the spacer and the peripheral electrode do not overlap with each other in plan view.

Abstract: In a liquid crystal device, a first pixel area is provided in a pixel area of a first substrate, and a second pixel area is provided between the first pixel area and a seal material. The first pixel area has a first pixel electrode to which an image signal is applied, the image signal having a potential alternately switching between a positive polarity and a negative polarity with reference to a first central potential. The second pixel area includes a second pixel electrode to which a first driving potential is applied, the first driving potential having a potential alternately switching between a positive polarity and a negative polarity with reference to a second central potential, the first central potential and the second central potential having a potential difference set therebetween. Therefore, ionic impurities can be efficiently swept from the first pixel area to the second pixel area.

Abstract: A liquid crystal device includes a first substrate, a second substrate, a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, the liquid crystal layer including liquid crystal molecules, a spacer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, the spacer being configured to define a distance between the first substrate and the second substrate, an electrode disposed between the first substrate or the second substrate and the liquid crystal layer, the electrode being configured to apply an electric field to the liquid crystal layer, and an inorganic oriented film disposed between the electrode and the liquid crystal layer, wherein the inorganic oriented film includes a vapor deposition film including a columnar column extending inclinedly with respect to a normal line to a surface of the electrode, the vapor deposition film includes a first region and a second region located between the first region and the spacer in plan view, and a film thickness of the second r

Abstract: An electro-optical device includes a display region and a peripheral region located around the display region, the electro-optical device including a first substrate, a second substrate, an electro-optical layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, the electro-optical layer having an optical property that varies in accordance with an electric field, a spacer disposed in the peripheral region and having an insulating property, the spacer being configured to define a distance between the first substrate and the second substrate, and a peripheral electrode disposed in the peripheral region, the peripheral electrode being configured to trap an ionic impurity present in the electro-optical layer, wherein the spacer and the peripheral electrode do not overlap with each other in plan view.

Abstract: A projection-type display apparatus synthesizes and emits light emitted from a plurality of liquid crystal devices with a projection optical system. Provided that a liquid crystal at an inner side of a seal material in the plurality of liquid crystal devices is V1 in volume and a liquid crystal in a display region is V2 in volume in the plurality of liquid crystal devices, in a second liquid crystal device (a liquid crystal device for blue light) on which light having a wavelength shorter than the wavelength of light being incident on a first liquid crystal device (a liquid crystal device for green light) is incident on the display region, a liquid crystal volume ratio V1/V2 is greater than that of the first liquid crystal device, among the plurality of liquid crystal devices.

Abstract: A projection-type display apparatus synthesizes and emits light emitted from a plurality of liquid crystal devices with a projection optical system. Provided that a liquid crystal at an inner side of a seal material in the plurality of liquid crystal devices is V1 in volume and a liquid crystal in a display region is V2 in volume in the plurality of liquid crystal devices, in a second liquid crystal device (a liquid crystal device for blue light) on which light having a wavelength shorter than the wavelength of light being incident on a first liquid crystal device (a liquid crystal device for green light) is incident on the display region, a liquid crystal volume ratio V1/V2 is greater than that of the first liquid crystal device, among the plurality of liquid crystal devices.

Abstract: A liquid crystal apparatus is provided with a first electrode to which a first signal is supplied, a second electrode provided between the first electrode and sealing material and to which a second signal is supplied, and a third electrode provided between the second electrode and the sealing material and to which a third signal is supplied, in which the reference potential of the third electrode is different from the reference potential of the first electrode and the second electrode.

Abstract: A liquid crystal device includes a first electrode that is supplied with a first potential, a second electrode that is provided between the first electrode and a sealing member and is supplied with a second potential, and a third electrode that is provided between the second electrode and the sealing member and is supplied with a third potential. A width of the third electrode is greater than widths of the first electrode and the second electrode in a direction from an outer edge of a display region toward the sealing member.

Abstract: A liquid crystal apparatus is provided with a first electrode to which a first signal is supplied, a second electrode provided between the first electrode and sealing material and to which a second signal is supplied, and a third electrode provided between the second electrode and the sealing material and to which a third signal is supplied, in which the reference potential of the third electrode is different from the reference potential of the first electrode and the second electrode.

Abstract: In a liquid crystal device according to the invention, a pre-tilt angle of a liquid crystal layer is greater on an opposing electrode side than on a pixel electrode side. A high potential and a low potential relative to an opposing electrode potential are alternately applied to pixel electrodes through switching elements; and the opposing electrode potential is higher than a standard potential, the standard potential being a potential in which the average potential between the high potential and the low potential has been shifted by an amount equivalent to the average value of the amount of change in the potential of the pixel electrodes caused by parasitic capacitance in the switching elements when the high potential is applied to the pixel electrodes and the amount of change in the potential of the pixel electrodes caused by parasitic capacitance when the low potential is applied to the pixel electrodes.

Abstract: A liquid crystal device includes a first electrode that is supplied with a first potential, a second electrode that is provided between the first electrode and a sealing member and is supplied with a second potential, and a third electrode that is provided between the second electrode and the sealing member and is supplied with a third potential. A width of the third electrode is greater than widths of the first electrode and the second electrode in a direction from an outer edge of a display region toward the sealing member.

Abstract: In a liquid crystal device according to the embodiment of the invention, a high potential and a low potential relative to the counter electrode potential are alternately applied to the pixel electrode through the switching element. Here, the counter electrode potential is set to be lower than a reference potential, when the reference potential is an electric potential which is obtained by shifting an average electric potential between the high potential and the low potential by an average value between an amount of change in an electric potential of the pixel electrode, caused by a parasitic capacitance of the switching element when the high potential is being applied to the pixel electrode, and an amount of change in the electric potential of the pixel electrode caused by the parasitic capacitance when the low potential is being applied to the pixel electrode.

Abstract: In a liquid crystal device according to the embodiment of the invention, a high potential and a low potential relative to the counter electrode potential are alternately applied to the pixel electrode through the switching element. Here, the counter electrode potential is set to be lower than a reference potential, when the reference potential is an electric potential which is obtained by shifting an average electric potential between the high potential and the low potential by an average value between an amount of change in an electric potential of the pixel electrode, caused by a parasitic capacitance of the switching element when the high potential is being applied to the pixel electrode, and an amount of change in the electric potential of the pixel electrode caused by the parasitic capacitance when the low potential is being applied to the pixel electrode.

Abstract: In a liquid crystal device according to the invention, a pre-tilt angle of a liquid crystal layer is greater on an opposing electrode side than on a pixel electrode side. A high potential and a low potential relative to an opposing electrode potential are alternately applied to pixel electrodes through switching elements; and the opposing electrode potential is higher than a standard potential, the standard potential being a potential in which the average potential between the high potential and the low potential has been shifted by an amount equivalent to the average value of the amount of change in the potential of the pixel electrodes caused by parasitic capacitance in the switching elements when the high potential is applied to the pixel electrodes and the amount of change in the potential of the pixel electrodes caused by parasitic capacitance when the low potential is applied to the pixel electrodes.

Abstract: An electro-optical device of the invention includes a first substrate and a second substrate facing each other with an electro-optical medium sandwiched therebetween, a pixel region having a plurality of pixels, and an ion trap section having an electrode formed in a region outside of the pixel region. A trapping voltage applied to the electrode of the ion trap section varies in accordance with a calculated voltage value that is calculated from a driving voltage applied to the electro-optical medium in one or a plurality of the pixels serving as a reference. The trapping voltage is set relatively high when the calculated voltage value belongs to a relatively high voltage range, and the trapping voltage is set relatively low when the calculated voltage value belongs to a relatively low voltage range.

Abstract: In a liquid crystal device according to the embodiment of the invention, a high potential and a low potential relative to the counter electrode potential are alternately applied to the pixel electrode through the switching element. Here, the counter electrode potential is set to be lower than a reference potential, when the reference potential is an electric potential which is obtained by shifting an average electric potential between the high potential and the low potential by an average value between an amount of change in an electric potential of the pixel electrode, caused by a parasitic capacitance of the switching element when the high potential is being applied to the pixel electrode, and an amount of change in the electric potential of the pixel electrode caused by the parasitic capacitance when the low potential is being applied to the pixel electrode.

Abstract: An electro-optical device includes a first substrate, a second substrate and a liquid crystal, and has a display region and a peripheral region. The peripheral region of the first substrate has a peripheral electrode and a first orientation film covering the peripheral electrode. Then, since the density of first orientation film in the display region is different from the density of the first orientation film in the peripheral region, it is possible to efficiently capture ionic impurities present in the liquid crystal.

Abstract: An electro-optical device of the invention includes a first substrate and a second substrate facing each other with an electro-optical medium sandwiched therebetween, a pixel region having a plurality of pixels, and an ion trap section having an electrode formed in a region outside of the pixel region. A trapping voltage applied to the electrode of the ion trap section varies in accordance with a calculated voltage value that is calculated from a driving voltage applied to the electro-optical medium in one or a plurality of the pixels serving as a reference. The trapping voltage is set relatively high when the calculated voltage value belongs to a relatively high voltage range, and the trapping voltage is set relatively low when the calculated voltage value belongs to a relatively low voltage range.