Abstract: [Object] To freeze droplets of a raw material liquid in a shorter drop distance while maintaining a cooling velocity, which is a super high speed, without deteriorating a solute or dispersoid.

Abstract: A freeze vacuum drying apparatus includes: a spraying unit; a pipe unit; a heating unit; and a collection unit. The spraying unit sprays a raw material liquid into a vacuum chamber. The pipe unit has a non-linear shape, includes a first opening end and a second opening end, and traps frozen particles via the first opening end, the frozen particles being formed by self-freezing of liquid droplets formed by spraying the raw material liquid into the vacuum chamber. The heating unit heats the frozen particles in the pipe unit for sublimation drying, the frozen particles moving in the pipe unit from the first opening end toward the second opening end by kinetic energy produced during spraying. The collection unit collects dried particles that are formed by sublimation drying of the frozen particles in the pipe unit and released from the second opening end of the pipe unit.

Abstract: A freeze vacuum drying apparatus includes: a spraying unit; a pipe unit; a heating unit; and a collection unit. The spraying unit sprays a raw material liquid into a vacuum chamber. The pipe unit has a non-linear shape, includes a first opening end and a second opening end, and traps frozen particles via the first opening end, the frozen particles being formed by self-freezing of liquid droplets formed by spraying the raw material liquid into the vacuum chamber. The heating unit heats the frozen particles in the pipe unit for sublimation drying, the frozen particles moving in the pipe unit from the first opening end toward the second opening end by kinetic energy produced during spraying. The collection unit collects dried particles that are formed by sublimation drying of the frozen particles in the pipe unit and released from the second opening end of the pipe unit.

Abstract: Support information or related information regarding an input operation target is explicitly displayed when the proximity is detected before a user selects and fixes an input operation target, so as to support a user's accurate input operation, thereby improving operability. A portable terminal includes a proximity detection unit that detects a proximity of the finger to a screen, and a key image combining unit that displays enlarged images of an item displayed at a proximity correspondence position on the screen and all items adjacent to the item at the proximity correspondence position which is a position on the screen corresponding to proximity coordinates of the finger of which the proximity is detected, or in a vicinity of the proximity correspondence position, as related information or support information regarding the item displayed at the proximity correspondence position on the screen.

Abstract: [Object] To provide a freeze-drying apparatus and a freeze-drying method, which are capable of increasing a drying efficiency of frozen particles. [Solving Means] The freeze-drying apparatus 100 includes a freezing chamber 10 into which a raw material fluid F is injected. During the injection of the raw material fluid F, after the injection of the raw material fluid F, or for a time period covering the start to the termination of the injection of the raw material fluid F, a shelf 16 is vibrated in a horizontal direction due to an actuation of vibration generators 31. With this, the frozen particles deposited on the shelf 16 are evenly diffused on the shelf 16 in such a manner that a deposition thickness thereof becomes smaller or a single layer thereof is formed. With this, a freezing efficiency and the drying efficiency of individual particles are promoted.

Abstract: A DC-DC converter circuit includes a DC-DC converter IC that inputs, via an input terminal connected to a power supply input line, a direct-current voltage converted from an alternating-current voltage and supplied by the power supply input line. The DC-DC converter IC outputs a direct-current voltage having a value converted by operation of the DC-DC converter IC. The DC-DC converter IC is able to operate when a voltage of a specified threshold value or greater is input from an enable terminal. The DC-DC converter circuit also includes an enable control circuit that makes the voltage input to the enable terminal equal to the threshold voltage or greater when the direct-current voltage supplied from the power supply input line reaches a specified value.

Abstract: This power supply circuit includes a comparison portion configured to compare the value of a voltage based on a voltage input to a primary winding of a transformer with the value of a voltage based on the full-wave rectified voltage of an alternating current source, a load circuit supplied with power output from the secondary side of the transformer, and a stop portion configured to stop power supply to the load circuit.

Abstract: A vacuum freeze-drying apparatus capable of rapid drying is provided. A cold trap for drying, which is arranged inside a drying chamber, is set to a low temperature of ?70 degrees Celsius or below, and heat is supplied to frozen particles on a conveyor belt to a degree such that the frozen particles do not melt. The amount of the liquid component evaporating from the frozen particles increases, and the amount of the liquid component entering the frozen particles decreases so that the time for drying the frozen particles is shortened.

Abstract: A DC-DC converter circuit includes a DC-DC converter IC that inputs, via an input terminal connected to a power supply input line, a direct-current voltage converted from an alternating-current voltage and supplied by the power supply input line. The DC-DC converter IC outputs a direct-current voltage having a value converted by operation of the DC-DC converter IC. The DC-DC converter IC is able to operate when a voltage of a specified threshold value or greater is input from an enable terminal. The DC-DC converter circuit also includes an enable control circuit that makes the voltage input to the enable terminal equal to the threshold voltage or greater when the direct-current voltage supplied from the power supply input line reaches a specified value.

Abstract: [Object] To provide a freeze-drying apparatus and a freeze-drying method, which are capable of increasing a drying efficiency of frozen particles. [Solving Means] The freeze-drying apparatus 100 includes a freezing chamber 10 into which a raw material fluid F is injected. During the injection of the raw material fluid F, after the injection of the raw material fluid F, or for a time period covering the start to the termination of the injection of the raw material fluid F, a shelf 16 is vibrated in a horizontal direction due to an actuation of vibration generators 31. With this, the frozen particles deposited on the shelf 16 are evenly diffused on the shelf 16 in such a manner that a deposition thickness thereof becomes smaller or a single layer thereof is formed. With this, a freezing efficiency and the drying efficiency of individual particles are promoted.

Abstract: [Object] To provide a freeze-drying apparatus capable of achieving an increase of a processing capacity without causing a variation of a particle diameter. [Solving Means] A freeze-drying apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a freezing chamber 10 forming a vacuum chamber; and an injector 25. The injector 25 includes a tube member 29 provided to the vacuum chamber, and a nozzle 9 including a plurality of injection holes 92 open to an inside of the tube member 29. The injector 25 injects a raw material fluid F, which is fed to the tube member 29, from the nozzle 9 into the vacuum chamber. The respective injection holes 92 are each formed so as to be open to the inside of the tube member 29, and hence the raw material fluid F is injected through the respective injection holes 92 at the same injection pressure. With this, it is possible to achieve the increase of the processing capacity without causing the variation of the particle diameter.

Abstract: [Object] To provide a freeze-drying apparatus and a freeze-drying method, which are capable of increasing a collection rate of a raw material without a need for providing a member such as a baffle plate or the like. [Solving Means] The freeze-drying apparatus 100 includes: a container 4 to store a raw material fluid F; a freezing chamber 10 being a vacuum chamber; a vacuum pump 1 to exhaust the freezing chamber 10; and an injection mechanism 25 to inject the raw material fluid F stored in the container 4 into the freezing chamber 10. The cold trap 20 is arranged within the freezing chamber 10, and hence a phenomenon that the raw material is discharged to the outside of the vacuum chamber together with a vapor as in the past can be prevented. With this, the collection rate of the raw material can be increased. Further, it becomes unnecessary to provide the baffle plate or the like for preventing the phenomenon in vicinity of an exhaust port of the vacuum chamber.

Abstract: A vacuum freeze-drying apparatus capable of rapid drying is provided. A cold trap for drying, which is arranged inside a drying chamber, is set to a low temperature of ?70 degrees Celsius or below, and heat is supplied to frozen particles on a conveyor belt to a degree such that the frozen particles do not melt. The amount of the liquid component evaporating from the frozen particles increases, and the amount of the liquid component entering the frozen particles decreases so that the time for drying the frozen particles is shortened.

Abstract: A method for producing a ceramic substrate of the present invention includes a first process of providing holes in a shrinkage suppressing layer, a second process of filling the holes with a thick film material, a third process of laminating the shrinkage suppressing layer filled with the thick film material on an outermost layer of a ceramic substrate sintered in a preparatory process, followed by pressing, thereby obtaining a laminate, a fourth process of sintering the laminate, and a fifth process of removing the shrinkage suppressing layer. Thus, the kind of convex portions formed on the outermost layer of the ceramic substrate can be increased.

Abstract: A method for producing a ceramic substrate of the present invention includes a first process of providing holes in a shrinkage suppressing layer, a second process of filling the holes with a thick film material, a third process of laminating the shrinkage suppressing layer filled with the thick film material on an outermost layer of a ceramic substrate sintered in a preparatory process, followed by pressing, thereby obtaining a laminate, a fourth process of sintering the laminate, and a fifth process of removing the shrinkage suppressing layer. Thus, the kind of convex portions formed on the outermost layer of the ceramic substrate can be increased.

Abstract: The optical disk writing system disclosed is one in which a data written on an optical data writing medium is verified essentially simultaneously with the writing on the medium. The written data is verified by detecting a timing of the light irradiated on the medium and by measuring return light doses at a rise and a fall of the light irradiated on the medium and comparing the doses thereof with predetermined reference values. The medium used is one which uses a phase transition reversible between a crystal state and an amorphous state for writing/reading/erasing of data on a data writing film and includes, a first protective film, a phase transition type data writing film, a second protective film, a reflection film formed in this order on a transparent substrate.

Abstract: The optical disk writing system disclosed is one in which data written on an optical data writing medium is verified essentially simultaneously with writing on the medium. The written data is verified by detecting a timing of the light irradiated on the medium and by measuring return light doses at rise and fall of the light irradiated on the medium and comparing the doses thereof with predetermined reference values. The medium uses a phase transition reversible between a crystal state and an amorphous state for writing/reading/erasing of data on a data writing film, and includes a first protective film, a phase transition type data writing film, a second protective film, and a reflection film, formed in this order, on a transparent substrate.

Abstract: A computer (CPU) applied a faulty operation prevention circuit outputs a pulse signal having a predetermined period during normal operation. If the computer does not output the pulse signal during the predetermined period, a AND gate in the faulty operation prevention circuit shuts off a control signal output from the computer which can ignite a squib in a vehicular occupant protecting system because the computer is not working. The AND gate keeps shutting off the control signal until the computer outputs the pulse signal. Therefore, the faulty operation prevention circuit prevents the squib from being ignited based on a faulty operation of the computer.