Abstract: An oil or fat phase is provided above an aqueous phase in a substrate-feeding chamber such that there is a distinct interface between the phases. The phases are separately removed from the chamber, mixed together and fed to an immobilized-enzyme reaction column to produce a reaction mixture. The mixture is fed to the substrate-feeding chamber and introduced into the oil or fat phase such that the interface remains distinct and undisturbed, and monoglycerides, diglycerides and fatty acids remain in the oil or fat phase and water and glycerol separate into the aqueous phase. Steps of the process are repeated while maintaining the interface distinct and undisturbed in the substrate-feeding chamber until a desired degree of oil or fat hydrolysis is obtained. The mixture from the reaction column may be fed to a mixing chamber, mixed with water from the substrate-feeding chamber, and fed to the substrate-feeding chamber.

Abstract: An apparatus for discriminating optical disks has an optical pickup provided with an objective lens having an effective numerical aperture of 0.55 to 0.65, which can compatibly reproduce information from a CD and an SD. The apparatus discriminates presence/absence of waveforms of two focus error signals detected when the effective numerical aperture of the objective lens is set at 0.55 to 0.65 and 0.20 to 0.45 respectively in a process of performing focus servo control, thereby discriminating various types of optical disks from each other. Thus, optical disks having different substrate thicknesses, different track pitches, different minimum pit lengths and different reflectivity can be quickly and simply discriminated from each other.

Abstract: An apparatus for discriminating optical disks has an optical pickup provided with an objective lens having an effective numerical aperture of 0.55 to 0.65, which can compatibly reproduce information from a CD and an SD. The apparatus discriminates presence/absence of waveforms of two focus error signals detected when the effective numerical aperture of the objective lens is set at 0.55 to 0.65 and 0.20 to 0.45 respectively in a process of performing focus servo control, thereby discriminating various types of optical disks from each other. Thus, optical disks having different substrate thicknesses, different track pitches, different minimum pit lengths and different reflectivity can be quickly and simply discriminated from each other.

Abstract: An imaging apparatus for endoscopes includes an endoscope relaying an object image through an observing optical system, and an imaging section removably mounted to the rearmost end of the endoscope, including a stop unit provided with a variable stop capable of changing an aperture size thereof, an imaging lens system, a focus lens system, and an image sensor. The relative positions of the variable stop, the imaging lens system, and the image sensor are constant, and the focus lens system can be moved along the optical axis of the imaging section. In this way, the imaging apparatus for endoscopes can be provided which is simple in structure, small in size, and low in cost.

Abstract: The process for increasing the bulk of a food having a decreased bulk in the present invention comprises applying a means of internal vibration heating such as a microwave oven to a food having a decreased bulk, which has been prepared by subjecting a porous food comprising a cereal flour and water, such as breads, to a treatment such as compression, and has maintained the thus decreased bulk. The food of which the bulk has been increased by such a way has a bulk comparable to the one immediately after baking and exhibits excellent taste and feelings during eating.

Abstract: The ozone generating and condensing system includes an oxygen generator for isolating oxygen from an air, an ozonizer provided downstream of the oxygen generator for generating ozone from the oxygen, two parallel-connected ozone absorption towers provided downstream of the ozonizer, an ozone absorption switching mechanism for allowing the ozone to flow into one of the absorption towers from the ozonizer and for recirculating to the ozonizer residual oxygen discharged from the one of the ozone absorption towers after an ozone absorption cycle therein, and an ozone release switching mechanism for introducing the nitrogen generated by the oxygen generator as a carrier gas to the one of the absorption towers after completion of ozone absorption cycle to release the absorbed ozone from the one of the ozone absorption towers and further for causing the released ozone to flow into a reactor tower located downstream of the absorption towers.

Abstract: A digital X-ray photography device, including an X-ray tube unit, a rotation supporting unit for rotating around a subject, an image system unit installed on the rotation supporting unit, for detecting X-rays transmitted through the subject, a first image processing unit, installed on the rotation supporting unit, for constructing a rotational stereoscopic image of the subject based on a signal from the image system unit, an X-ray detector, installed on the rotation supporting unit, for detecting X-rays transmitted through the subject, a second image processing unit, installed on the rotation supporting unit, for constructing a CT image of the subject based on a signal from the X-ray detector, and a unit for controlling pulse-shaped X-rays to be continuously radiated during a forward rotation and a backward rotation of the rotation supporting unit in order to perform a rotational stereoscopic photographing.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for press fitting characterized in permitting the simultaneous measurement of a press fitting body with the press fitting, and characterized in improving the accuracy of the press fitting.

Abstract: A lens barrel incorporating electric parts such as motors. The lens barrel has a double-sided printed circuit board disposed such that its major plane extend substantially orthogonally to the optical axis. Chip elements such as circuit elements are mounted on the front side of the double-sided printed circuit board while flexible connecting members for connection to the electrical parts are provided on the rear side of the double-sided printed circuit board. A land for allowing electrical check of electric circuit is also provided on the rear side of the double-sided printed circuit board.

Abstract: An optical accessory includes a bayonet mount attachable to a camera body side mount and accessory side connection terminals which contact the camera body side connecting terminals when the accessory side bayonet mount is attached to the camera body side bayonet mount. The accessory side connecting terminals have their end portions arranged to project in the direction of the optical axis behind the accessory side bayonet mount. In one preferred embodiment, the optical accessory further includes a member having a projection projecting in the direction of the optical axis behind the accessory side connecting terminals. The projection is positioned on the inner circumference side of the accessory side connecting terminals and is arranged near to the accessory side connection terminals. In another preferred embodiment, the end portions of the connecting terminals have plural height differences, and a contact seat also is provided for holding the accessory side connecting terminals.

Abstract: A connector structure for a camera having bayonet mounts on the side of a camera body and on the side of an accessory, the camera body and the accessory being interconnected by rotating the mounts round relative to each other and being disconnected by reversely rotating the mounts. A group of contact pins is arranged at a camera body side connector to be slidingly brought into contact with a group of contact pins arranged at an accessory side connector by the rotational mounting action. The group of contact pins at the accessory side connector being in paired contact with the pins of the group of contact pins at the camera body side connector to permit communication between the camera body and the accessory upon completion of the mounting action. A first conductive member is arranged to be electrically connected in parallel with a first contact pin among the group of contact pins arranged at one of the connectors.

Abstract: A small-sized electric mechanical transducer wherein plates are disposed to surround a bobbin in association with yokes. Magnetic passages are formed among the plates. Each of a pair of magnets drives the bobbin in accordance with the electric signals input into the driving coil. Also, an optical type pickup apparatus positively capable of the signal reading operation in which the lens holder is not out of shape even if the lens holder is driven in the focusing direction and the tracking direction, because the gravity center of the lens holder is conformed to the action point of the resultant force of the forces to be produced by the control signals to be input into the driving coil, and by the magnetic field of the magnetic circuit.

Abstract: A optical type pickup apparatus wherein the center of gravity of the lens holder coincides with the action point of the resultant force of the forces to be produced by the control signals input into the driving coil and by the magnetic field of the magnetic circuit. Thus, this apparatus may be provided which is capable of a signal reading operation wherein the lens holder is not out of shape even if the lens holder is driven in the focusing direction and the tracking direction.

Abstract: An optical pickup device in which a laser light source is so disposed that one of two dividing lines of a photo-detector having at least four sensing portions symmetrically divided by the dividing lines so as to detect focusing deviation of a light beam onto a signal surface of a record disc, is aligned with the tangential direction of the signal track at the portion where the light beam is projected onto the signal surface, whereby the optical pickup is free from a wrong focusing control due to erroneous detection even during track jumping.

Abstract: A turbine casing, a shroud and a gas outlet cover together define a closed doughnut-shaped space. A nozzle driving ring inserted in the space is slidably clamped by the turbine casing and the gas outlet cover. Nozzle shafts extending from nozzle blades are connected through links to the nozzle driving ring. The nozzle driving ring can be driven from outside the space. The nozzle driving ring for simultaneously varying the angle of the nozzle blades is restrained in the axial direction effectively with a high degree of accuracy.

Abstract: A display device for a display in a camera. Within a view finder thereof in particular are arranged illuminating light emitting elements to illuminate a display member which is provided with a plurality of photography mode display marks. A segment light emitting element displays a computed value of photography information obtained from photography information computing apparatus.

Abstract: In the disclosed camera, an operation switch for entering information or controlling a function has an information setting button disposed on the camera's upper surface near the shutter release button. An externally directed display behind the information setting button indicates photographic information set by the information setting button.

Abstract: In the disclosed film rewind device a detecting switch detects the movement of film which is taken up on a spool during the process of electrically rewinding the film into a cartridge and a timer automatically brings the film rewinding operation to a stop a predetermined period of time after a detecting switch ceases detecting the film movement. The period of time set at the timer is shortened in response to even a slight degree of film movement after the predetermined period of time.

Abstract: A rotary table unit having a stationary base element and a table element rotatably mounted on the stationary base element is provided with hydrostatic and hydrodynamic bearing guides forming a composite bearing guide mechanism for enabling smooth and stable rotation of the table element under application of local load to the table element. The rotary table unit is also provided with a main drive motor for rotating the table element and an auxiliary drive motor for supplementing a drive force of the main drive motor in response to a change in load applied to the table element.

Abstract: In the disclosed camera, an operation switch for entering information or controlling a function has an information setting button disposed on the camera's upper surface near the shutter release button. An externally directed display behind the information setting button indicates photographic information set by the information setting button.