Abstract: A slurry collection device 1 includes a ring-shaped barrier member 2 provided around a turntable T of a polishing machine E and a ring-shaped slurry collection container 3 provided around the barrier member 2. The turntable T is connected to an upper end of a main rotation shaft T1 that sticks out from a bottom portion of a sink S of the polishing machine E and is lifted from the bottom portion of the sink S. The slurry collection device 1 of the present invention is inserted between the turntable T and the sink S.

Abstract: Incident light from the space between the light-reflecting films in a liquid crystal light valve of a liquid crystal display device, especially in a reflection-type liquid crystal light valve of a projection-type liquid crystal display device is effectively blocked. The liquid crystal light valve having a semiconductor substrate, a counter substrate, light-reflecting films, and liquid crystal comprises a light-blocking layer and light shields formed between the light-blocking layer and the light-reflecting films.

Abstract: To provide a film thickness testing apparatus and a film thickness testing method in which coherence between light reflected from the surface of a film and light reflected from the surface of a substrate is improved so as to accurately visually test film thickness irregularities. Film thickness testing is conducted by using a light source part for irradiating a substrate with light having an intensity peak with a half band width of 30 nm or less and having spectral intensity in a peak wavelength region alone.

Abstract: A slurry collection device 1 includes a ring-shaped barrier member 2 provided around a turntable T of a polishing machine E and a ring-shaped slurry collection container 3 provided around the barrier member 2. The turntable T is connected to an upper end of a main rotation shaft T1 that sticks out from a bottom portion of a sink S of the polishing machine E and is lifted from the bottom portion of the sink S. The slurry collection device 1 of the present invention is inserted between the turntable T and the sink S.

Abstract: An active matrix reflective liquid crystal device includes an array substrate which includes switching elements corresponding to pixels and an array of pixel electrodes connected to the switching elements; and an opposing substrate which has a transparent electrode opposite the array of pixel electrodes with a liquid crystal layer inserted therebetween. Each of the pixel electrodes includes an array of electrode studs, (e.g., divided electrode elements). The regions between the electrodes are filled with an insulating material, and the surface of the stud array is planarized by chemical-mechanical polishing (CMP). A dielectric light reflective film is formed on the planarized surface of the stud array, and a liquid crystal molecule alignment film is deposited thereon.

Abstract: The inspecting apparatus according to the present invention includes an illuminator for emitting radiation onto a substrate having a surface on which a fine feature pattern is formed. Inspection for defects in the pattern is performed by visually inspecting radiation diffracted by the surface. The illuminator provides radiation including two different complementary colors.

Abstract: An active matrix reflective liquid crystal device includes an array substrate which includes switching elements corresponding to pixels and an array of pixel electrodes connected to the switching elements; and an opposing substrate which has a transparent electrode opposite the array of pixel electrodes with a liquid crystal layer inserted therebetween. Each of the pixel electrodes includes an array of electrode studs, (e.g., divided electrode elements). The regions between the electrodes are filled with an insulating material, and the surface of the stud array is planarized by chemical-mechanical polishing (CMP). A dielectric light reflective film is formed on the planarized surface of the stud array, and a liquid crystal molecule alignment film is deposited thereon.

Abstract: An active matrix reflective liquid crystal device includes an array substrate which includes switching elements corresponding to pixels and an array of pixel electrodes connected to the switching elements; and an opposing substrate which has a transparent electrode opposite the array of pixel electrodes with a liquid crystal layer inserted therebetween. Each of the pixel electrodes includes an array of electrode studs, (e.g., divided electrode elements). The regions between the electrodes are filled with an insulating material, and the surface of the stud array is planarized by chemical-mechanical polishing (CMP). A dielectric light reflective film is formed on the planarized surface of the stud array, and a liquid crystal molecule alignment film is deposited thereon.

Abstract: Disclosed are a novel (meth)acrylate having an alkenyl group, a novel epoxy(meth)acrylate, and processes for the preparation thereof. The (meth)acrylate having an alkenyl group of the present invention can be preferably used as resins for coatings, photo-curable resins, and adhesives by (co)polymerization thereof in the presence or absence of a variety of (meth)acrylic monomers, and the (meth)acrylate compound having an alkenyl group is useful as a silane coupling agent, a starting material for epoxy (meth)acrylates, a modifier for silicone resins, a modifier for unsaturated polyester resins, and a crosslinking agent for acrylic rubbers. The epoxy(meth)acrylate has a well-balanced excellent property between a pot life and reactivity in curing, and it does not contain chlorine, resulting in that a resin therefrom is excellent in an anti-corrosive property and an anti-yellowing property.

Abstract: Disclosed are a novel (meth)acrylate having an alkenyl group, a novel epoxy(meth)acrylate, and processes for the preparation thereof.The (meth)acrylate having an alkenyl group of the present invention can be preferably used as resins for coatings, photo-curable resins, and adhesives by (co)polymerization thereof in the presence or absence of a variety of (meth)acrylic monomers, and the (meth)acrylate compound having an alkenyl group is useful as a silane coupling agent, a starting material for epoxy(meth)acrylates, a modifier for silicone resins, a modifier for unsaturated polyester resins, and a crosslinking agent for acrylic rubbers. The epoxy(meth)acrylate has a well-balanced excellent property between a pot life and reactivity in curing, and it does not contain chlorine, resulting in that a resin therefrom is excellent in an anti-corrosive property and an anti-yellowing property.

Abstract: This invention relates to a reflection liquid crystal display device using a reflection liquid crystal light bulb and a method for fabricating such liquid crystal display devices, and an object thereof is to provide a liquid crystal display device and its manufacture wherein the numerical aperture of the subpixel is increased to improve the display brightness.

Abstract: A method of purifying L-ascorbic acid which comprises: bringing an acidic aqueous solution of L-ascorbic acid which contains a cationic surfactant into contact with active carbon activated by chemicals.The method is in particular useful for removing a cationic surfactant from a reaction mixture of diacetone-2-keto-L-gulonic acid or 2-keto-L-gulonic acid with a mineral acid in the presence of an inert solvent and a cationic surfactant, to produce L-ascorbic acid.