Abstract: To devise an arrangement with relatively high pressure tightness, in a short-arc super-high pressure mercury lamp which is operated with an extremely high mercury vapor pressure, a light emitting part has a pair of opposed electrodes and is filled with at least 0.15 mg/mm3 of mercury; and side tube parts extend from opposite sides of the light emitting part, and in which the electrodes are partially hermetically sealed and are each welded to a respective metal foil, in the areas in which the electrodes are welded to the metal foils, the electrodes are deformed in the direction perpendicular to the metal foils to a degree of deformation that is at most 10%.

Abstract: To reduce and prevent electrode displacement and at the same time to devise an arrangement of the side tube parts with high adhesion, a short-arc, ultra-high pressure discharge lamp a light emmitting part in which there is a pair of opposed electrodes and which is filled with at least 0.15 mg/mm3 of mercury is provided with side tube parts which extend from opposite sides of the light emitting part in which the electrodes are partially hermeticallly sealed and in which the electrodes are each welded in a central valley of a metal foil that has a cross section with an essentially inverted W-shape. The valley and flanking arches or peaks of the W-shape may be sarpentine or sinusoidal, trapezoidal, or rectangular in addition to the traditional W-shape having acutely angled corners between straight legs.

Abstract: An arrangement with relatively high pressure tightness in a super-high pressure mercury lamp of the short arc type which is operated with an extremely high mercury vapor pressure is achieved by the super-high pressure mercury lamp having the following characteristic: an arc tube portion in which there is a pair of opposed electrodes, and which is filled with greater than or equal to 0.15 mg/mm3 of mercury; and side tube portions which extend from opposite sides of the arc tube portion, in which the electrodes are partially hermetically enclosed, and in which the electrodes and metal foils are welded to one another, and the width of the metal foils in the weld areas is so small that it is less than or equal to the diameter of these electrodes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a heterocyclic compound of the following formula (I-a), its ester, or a salt thereof, and a human neutrophilic elastase inhibitor containing the same as the active ingredient, etc. wherein A and B are the same or different and each is a lower alkylene group being optionally substituted by an oxo group, D is a heteromonocyclic or heterobicyclic group being optionally substituted by an oxo group, R1 and R2 are the same or different and each is a lower alkyl group, R3 and R4 are different from each other, and each is a hydrogen atom or a hydroxy group, or both combine together to form an oxo group, and R5 is 2-benzoxazolyl, trifluoromethyl, benzylamino-carbonyl, etc.

Abstract: An arrangement with relatively high pressure tightness in a super-high pressure mercury lamp which is operated with an extremely high mercury vapor pressure is achieved the following: an emission part contains a pair of opposed electrodes, each of which has a side section and an end face, and which is filled with at least 0.15 mg/mm3 mercury; side tube parts made of quartz glass extend from opposite sides of the emission part and the side section and end face of a respective electrode is partially hermetically enclosed is each side part; the electrodes are arranged in side tube parts with a small intermediate space formed between the side sections and the end faces of the electrodes and the quartz glass of which the side tube parts is made; and the side parts of the electrodes have at least partially concave-convex areas in the side tube parts.

Abstract: A super-high pressure discharge lamp of the short arc type which has an arc tube portion in which there is a pair of opposed electrodes and which is filled with at least 0.15 mg/mm3 mercury, and side tube portions which extend from opposite sides of the arc tube portion and in which there are metal foils. The electrodes are each electrically connected to a respective one of the metal foils by a metallic component with cross-sectional area that is smaller than the cross sectional area of the electrodes in the area in which the electrodes are located in the side tube portions.

Abstract: To reduce and prevent electrode displacement and at the same time to devise an arrangement of the side tube parts with high adhesion, a short-arc, ultra-high pressure discharge lamp a light emitting part in which there is a pair of opposed electrodes and which is filled with at least 0.15 mg/mm3 of mercury is provided with side tube parts which extend from opposite sides of the light emitting part in which the electrodes are partially hermetically sealed and in which the electrodes are each welded in a central valley of a metal foil that has a cross section with an essentially inverted W-shape. The valley and flanking arches or peaks of the W-shape may be serpentine or sinusoidal, trapezoidal, or rectangular in addition to the traditional W-shape having acutely angled corners between straight legs.

Abstract: To devise an arrangement with relatively high pressure tightness, in a short-arc super-high pressure mercury lamp which is operated with an extremely high mercury vapor pressure, a light emitting part has a pair of opposed electrodes and is filled with at least 0.15 mg/mm3 of mercury; and side tube parts extend from opposite sides of the light emitting part, and in which the electrodes are partially hermetically sealed and are each welded to a respective metal foil, in the areas in which the electrodes are welded to the metal foils, the electrodes are deformed in the direction perpendicular to the metal foils to a degree of deformation that is at most 10%.

Abstract: An arrangement with relatively high pressure tightness in a super-high pressure mercury lamp of the short arc type which is operated with an extremely high mercury vapor pressure is achieved by the super-high pressure mercury lamp having the following characteristic:

Abstract: A super-high pressure discharge lamp of the short arc type which has an arc tube portion in which there is a pair of opposed electrodes and which is filled with at least 0.15 mg/mm3 mercury, and side tube portions which extend from opposite sides of the arc tube portion and in which there are metal foils. The electrodes are each electrically connected to a respective one of the metal foils by a metallic component with cross-sectional area that is smaller than the cross sectional area of the electrodes in the area in which the electrodes are located in the side tube portions.

Abstract: An arrangement with relatively high pressure tightness in a super-high pressure mercury lamp which is operated with an extremely high mercury vapor pressure is achieved the following:

Abstract: A super-high pressure mercury lamp with an internal pressure during operation of one hundred and some dozen atm, which has a new arrangement in which in the hermetically sealed portions neither damage the lamp nor shortening its operating service life is achieved, in a high pressure mercury lamp in which a silica glass discharge vessel contains a pair of spaced apart, opposed electrodes and which is filled with a rare gas and with mercury in an amount of greater than or equal to 0.16 mg/mm3, and in which the wall load is greater than or equal to 0.

Abstract: Sealing body for a discharge lamp which consists of a functional gradient material in which one side is rich in dielectric component and the other side is rich in electrically conductive component, and which is sealed by a side tube which is connected to the arc tube of the discharge lamp and by its areas which are rich in a dielectric component, characterized in that in this sealing body an upholding part of an electrode with a tip provided with an electrode is shrink-fitted, and that furthermore on the outer peripheral surfaces of the areas of the sealing body which are rich in dielectric component, surfaces are formed which run obliquely with respect to the center axis of the above described discharge lamp so that the maximum width of the end face of the sealing body on the side of the emission space becomes smaller than the maximum width in one direction perpendicular to the axis of the sealing body and becomes greater than the diameter of the upholding part of the electrode.

Abstract: A method for stabilizing Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF), which comprises adding a stabilizing agent selected from a nonionic surfactant, at least one substance selected from the group consisting of D-glucose, D-galactose, D-xylose, D-glucuronic acid, a salt of D-glucuronic acid, trehalose, a dextran and a hydroxyethyl starch, and mixtures thereof to an aqueous solution or powder containing TNF, and a stable aqueous solution or powder which contains TNF and an effective amount of such a stabilizing agent selected from a nonionic surfactant, a specific sugar or sugar-related compound and mixtures thereof. The aqueous solution or powder containing TNF can be stored for a prolonged period of time without losing its activity, and is stable on freezing, thawing, lyophilization, heat-treatment or the like.