Abstract: With respect to an inference method performed by at least one processor, the method includes inputting, by the at least one processor, into a learned model, non-processed object image data of a second object and data related to a second process for the second object, and inferring, by the at least one processor using the learned model, processed object image data of the second object on which the second process has been performed. The learned model has been trained so that an output obtained in response to non-processed object image data of a first object and data related to a first process for the first object being input approaches processed object image data of the first object on which the first process has been performed.

Abstract: A combination toner for xerographic image formation having conductive portions and insulating portions is provided. The conductive portions function to accumulate a charge in the toner particles and the insulating portions function to lengthen the period of discharge of the accumulated charge. The toner can be either magnetic or non-magnetic and improves image formation and transfer.

Abstract: A sol-gel method of preparing doped glass articles is provided. The glass is formed by preparing a sol solution containing hydrolyzed silicon alkoxide and ultrafine particle silica. The sol solution can also include a dopant. The sol solution is gelled in a container, dried and sintered to yield the doped silica glass articles.

Abstract: A method of preparing preforms for optical fibers is provided. The method includes preparation of a first sol solution of a silicon alkoxide hydrolyzed with an acid and ultrafine particle silica, placement of the first sol solution into a container, and gelation of the first sol solution while the container is being rotated to yield a wet gel having a center hole. A second sol solution having a different composition than the first sol solution is prepared and used to fill the center hole in the wet gel. The second sol solution is then gelled to a wet gel composite and the composite is dried and sintered to yield the preform.

Abstract: A method for preparing high quality silica glass articles is provided. The glass is prepared by hydrolyzing silicon alkoxide with a basic reagent to yield a first solution, hydrolyzing a silicon alkoxide with an acid reagent to yield a second solution, mixing the first solution with the second solution at a predetermined mixing rate to yield a sol solution, pouring the sol solution into a container, gelling the sol solution to a wet gel, drying the wet gel to a dry gel, and sintering the dry gel to yield a silica glass.