Abstract: An antifouling structure precursor, comprising: a modification layer that contains a modifier having a perfluoropolyether chain; and an oxide layer that has a surface entirely covered with the modification layer, wherein the modification layer has an uneven film thickness and comprises a comparatively thick area and a comparatively thin area that is dispersed in the comparatively thick area, and a coverage rate of covering the oxide layer with the comparatively thick area is equal to or greater than 10%. An antifouling structure, comprising: an antifouling structure precursor; and a lubricant oil on a surface of the antifouling structure precursor.

Abstract: A method for producing an anti-fouling coating film includes: a step (1) of applying a fine uneven layer forming agent containing at least one type of polysilazane as at least one type of silica raw material on at least one surface of a base substrate, the aforementioned at least one surface comprising at least one type of resin, to form a fine uneven layer containing silica and polysilazane; a step (2) of applying a modification layer forming agent containing a reactive organic compound and polysiloxane or perfluoropolyether on a surface of the fine uneven layer obtained in the step (1), to form a modification layer containing polysiloxane or perfluoropolyether, and a step (3) of applying lubricating oil containing silicone oil or fluorinated oil on a surface of the modification layer obtained in the step (2), to form a lubricating oil layer.

Abstract: An antifouling structure precursor, comprising: a modification layer that contains a modifier having a perfluoropolyether chain; and an oxide layer that has a surface entirely covered with the modification layer, wherein the modification layer has an uneven film thickness and comprises a comparatively thick area and a comparatively thin area that is dispersed in the comparatively thick area, and a coverage rate of covering the oxide layer with the comparatively thick area is equal to or greater than 10%. An antifouling structure, comprising: an antifouling structure precursor; and a lubricant oil on a surface of the antifouling structure precursor.

Abstract: A method for producing an anti-fouling coating film includes: a step (1) of applying a fine uneven layer forming agent containing at least one type of polysilazane as at least one type of silica raw material on at least one surface of a base substrate, the aforementioned at least one surface comprising at least one type of resin, to form a fine uneven layer containing silica and polysilazane; a step (2) of applying a modification layer forming agent containing a reactive organic compound and polysiloxane or perfluoropolyether on a surface of the fine uneven layer obtained in the step (1), to form a modification layer containing polysiloxane or perfluoropolyether, and a step (3) of applying lubricating oil containing silicone oil or fluorinated oil on a surface of the modification layer obtained in the step (2), to form a lubricating oil layer.

Abstract: A surface modification method for modifying a surface of an oxide includes: producing a surface modification composition; and applying the surface modification composition onto the surface of an oxide layer. In producing the surface modification composition, a modifier having a perfluoropolyether chain is mixed with a first modification accelerator containing an inorganic acid and a second modification accelerator containing at least one selected from the group consisting of a metal, a metal salt and an organometallic compound.

Abstract: The antifouling structure of the present invention includes an oxide layer, a surface modification layer that modifies the surface of the oxide layer, and an antifouling liquid retained in the surface modification layer. And in the antifouling structure, the surface modification layer is a modification layer derived from a silane coupling agent; the antifouling liquid includes a first antifouling liquid satisfying Equation (1) below and a second antifouling liquid satisfying Equation (2) below; and the volume ratio (first antifouling liquid/second antifouling liquid) of the first antifouling liquid to the second antifouling liquid is from 1/2 to 100/1: Y?3X+2000??Equation (1) Y>3X+2000??Equation (2) in which, in Equations (1) and (2), Y represents the average molecular weight of the antifouling liquid, and X represents a kinematic viscosity (cSt) at 20° C. of the antifouling liquid.

Abstract: The plasma spraying apparatus includes a cathode, a first gas nozzle defining a first gas path between the cathode and itself, a second gas nozzle defining a second gas path between the first gas nozzle and itself, and a third gas nozzle disposed between the first and second gas nozzles to define a third gas path between the first and second gas paths. A wire is disposed at a distal end thereof in front of a nozzle opening of the second gas nozzle. A first gas sprayed through the first gas nozzle is turned into plasma flame, which melts the wire into droplets, and the droplets are sprayed onto a target by a second gas sprayed through the second gas nozzle. The third gas absorbs heat from the plasma flame to thereby turn into a high-temperature gas flow externally of the plasma flame.

Abstract: A plasma spraying apparatus includes a cathode, a first gas nozzle surrounding a head of the cathode therewith to form a first gas path outside of the cathode, and a second gas nozzle surrounding the first gas nozzle therewith to form a second gas path outside of the first gas nozzle. The second gas nozzle is formed with a wire path through which a wire is inserted such that a distal end of the wire is disposed in front of a nozzle opening of the second gas nozzle. The wire path has a substantially rectangular cross section having a longer side extending in a direction in which a plasma flame extends, the wire path causing the wire to bend within an elastic limit of the wire.

Abstract: The blasting material includes abrasives, and water in the range of 5 to 30 mass % both inclusive relative to a mass of the abrasives, the abrasives being prepared in advance such that all of the abrasives are uniformly wet.

Abstract: A method of carrying out post-treatment to a sprayed coating includes spraying aluminum-containing material onto a surface of a steel for forming a sprayed coating on the steel, and coating electrolytic aqueous solution or water base paint containing electrolytic aqueous solution therein onto the sprayed coating.

Abstract: The invention provides a sealer to be used for a bolt including a sprayed preservative coating coated onto at least a threaded portion. The sealer contains a wax therein in the range of 1 to 10 mass % both inclusive.

Abstract: The plasma spraying apparatus includes a cathode, a first gas nozzle surrounding a head of the cathode therewith to form a first gas path outside of the cathode, and a second gas nozzle surrounding the first gas nozzle therewith to form a second gas path outside of the first gas nozzle. The second gas nozzle is formed with a wire path through which a wire is inserted such that a distal end of the wire is disposed in front of a nozzle opening of the second gas nozzle. The wire path has a substantially rectangular cross-section having a longer side extending in a direction in which the plasma flame extends, the wire path causing the wire to bend within elastic limit of the wire.

Abstract: A method of carrying out post-treatment to a sprayed coating includes spraying aluminum-containing material onto a surface of a steel for forming a sprayed coating on the steel, and coating electrolytic aqueous solution or water base paint containing electrolytic aqueous solution therein onto the sprayed coating.

Abstract: The plasma spraying apparatus includes a cathode, a first gas nozzle defining a first gas path between the cathode and itself, a second gas nozzle defining a second gas path between the first gas nozzle and itself, and a third gas nozzle disposed between the first and second gas nozzles to define a third gas path between the first and second gas paths. A wire is disposed at a distal end thereof in front of a nozzle opening of the second gas nozzle. A first gas sprayed through the first gas nozzle is turned into plasma flame, which melts the wire into droplets, and the droplets are sprayed onto a target by a second gas sprayed through the second gas nozzle. The third gas absorbs heat from the plasma flame to thereby turn into a high-temperature gas flow externally of the plasma flame.

Abstract: The invention provides a sealer to be used for a bolt including a sprayed preservative coating coated onto at least a threaded portion. The sealer contains a wax therein in the range of 1 to 10 mass % both inclusive.

Abstract: The blasting material includes abrasives, and water in the range of 5 to 30 mass % both inclusive relative to a mass of the abrasives, the abrasives being prepared in advance such that all of the abrasives are uniformly wet.

Abstract: The invention relates to a curable liquid resin composition comprising: (A) a urethane(meth)acrylate having a structure originating from a polyol and a number average molecular weight of 800 g/mol or more, but less than 6,000 g/mol, and (B) a urethane(meth)acrylate having a structure originating from a polyol and a number average molecular weight of 6,000 g/mol or more, but less than 20,000 g/mol, wherein the total amount of the component (A) and component (B) is 20-95 wt % of the curable liquid resin composition and the content of the component (B) is 0.1-30 wt % of the total of the component (A) and component (B).

Abstract: The present invention provides a curable liquid resin composition which, when cured, exhibits excellent removability from an adjacent coating layer and is suitable for an optical fiber upjacket material. The curable liquid resin optical fiber upjacket composition comprising a urethane (meth)acrylate or a (meth)acrylate oligomer, a reactive diluent, a polymerization initiator, and a polyol compound having a molecular weight of 1500 or more.

Abstract: The present invention provides a curable liquid resin composition which, when cured, exhibits excellent removability from an adjacent coating layer and is suitable for an optical fiber upjacket material. The curable liquid resin optical fiber upjacket composition comprising a urethane (meth)acrylate or a (meth)acrylate oligomer, a reactive diluent, a polymerization initiator, and a polyol compound having a molecular weight of 1500 or more.

Abstract: The present invention provides a curable liquid resin composition which, when cured, exhibits excellent removability from an adjacent coating layer and is suitable as an optical fiber upjacket material. The curable liquid resin optical fiber upjacket composition comprising a urethane(meth)acrylate or a (meth)acrylate oligomer containing two or more (meth)acryloyl groups, a reactive diluent, a polymerization initiator, and a urethane(meth)acrylate compound containing at least one (meth)acryloyl group and selected from (D1) to (D4) shown by the following general formula (1). (DI) In the formula (1), R1 represents a methyl group, R2 and R3 individually represent a divalent organic group, and R4 represents a monovalent organic group. (D2) In the formula (1), R1 represents a hydrogen atom, R2 and R3 individually represent divalent organic groups, and R4 represents a polyol residue having a molecular weight of 1500 or more.