Abstract: [Task] A task is to improve the flexibility for setting a muffler and making a V-type engine compact. [Solution] A V-type engine (1) includes an engine body (3) including a crankcase (7) configured to rotatably support a crankshaft (11), and a first and second cylinder banks (8, 9) extending from the crankcase (7), a first exhaust pipe (41) connected to the first cylinder bank (8); a second exhaust pipe (42) connected to the second cylinder bank (9); a merging pipe connected to the first and second exhaust pipes (41, 42); a first catalyst (32a) accommodated in the first exhaust pipe (41); a second catalyst (32b) accommodated in the second exhaust pipe (42); and a muffler (33) detachably connected to the merging pipe, wherein the first catalyst (32a) is arranged along an outer surface of the first cylinder bank (8), and the second catalyst (32b) is arranged along an outer surface of the second cylinder bank (9).

Abstract: Short-arc discharge lamp designed to minimize the phenomenon of foil floating between the metal foil located in the foil sealing area and the sealing quartz component that is in contact with the inside of the metal foil so as to prevent cracks from forming in the foil sealing area, gas leakage from the lamp, and premature breaking of the lamp. The short-arc discharge lamp includes electrodes which are located in an emission space, a metal foil electrically connected to the electrodes, a quartz tube part which surrounds the metal foil, a sealing quartz component in contact with the inside of the metal foil, and a metallic component inserted into the sealing quartz component and electrically connected to the metal foil. The foil sealing area is formed from the metal foil, the quartz tube, and the sealing quartz component, which are sealed against one another. By the sealing action of the foil sealing area, sealing of the emission space is ensured.

Abstract: Short-arc discharge lamp designed to minimize the phenomenon of foil floating between the metal foil located in the foil sealing area and the sealing quartz component that is in contact with the inside of the metal foil so as to prevent cracks from forming in the foil sealing area, gas leakage from the lamp, and premature breaking of the lamp. The short-arc discharge lamp includes electrodes which are located in an emission space, a metal foil electrically connected to the electrodes, a quartz tube part which surrounds the metal foil, a sealing quartz component in contact with the inside of the metal foil, and a metallic component inserted into the sealing quartz component and electrically connected to the metal foil. The foil sealing area is formed from the metal foil, the quartz tube, and the sealing quartz component, which are sealed against one another. By the sealing action of the foil sealing area, sealing of the emission space is ensured.

Abstract: A short-arc discharge lamp (10) including a light-emitting tube (1) having at least 15 mg/cc of mercury sealed therein, an anode (2) and cathode (3) facing each other and disposed within the light-emitting tube (1), and a heat-release layer (6) covering a substantial portion of an outer surface of the cathode (3) so that when the short-arc discharge lamp (10) is provided with electricity having a current value of at least 50 A, an inter-electrode power value defined by a ratio Y/X is at least 500 W/mm, X being defined as a distance in millimeters between the anode (2) and the cathode (3), and Y being defined as an input power in Watts provided to the short-arc discharge lamp (10).

Abstract: To devise a mercury lamp of the short arc type with high power in which an arc tube can be kept unfouled over a long time and the demand for an increase in the amount of radiation can be met, in a quartz arc tube, a cathode and an anode are disposed opposite one another and the arc tube is filled with mercury and a rare gas. At least argon (Ar) and/or krypton (Kr) in an amount from 1.0 to 8 atm at room temperature is added as the rare gas. The amount depends on the value of ((Wd).sup.1/2 /R) where R is half the maximum diameter of the bulb in cm, d is the thickness of the bulb in cm, and W the input power supplied to the lamp in kW.

Abstract: A discharge lamp of the short arc type with good light intensity stability in which arc fluctuation is suppressed is achieved, according to the invention by providing a discharge lamp of the short arc type which has an arc tube which surrounds the discharge space, hermetically sealed portions on the two ends of the arc tube, a cathode and an anode which are arranged opposite one another in the arc tube and which is operated such that the cathode is pointed upward, in by the cathode being supported by an inner lead which is held securely by the hermetically sealed portion, the outside diameter of the cathode being greater than the outside diameter of the inner lead, and by the relationship L.gtoreq.2.5D being satisfied, where D is the outside diameter of the cathode (mm) and L is the axial length of the cathode (mm).

Abstract: A mercury lamp of the short arc type with a high degree of maintenance of irradiance is achieved in a mercury lamp of the short arc type by the cathode containing thorium oxide and having a tungsten carbide layer on its surface except at tip end area, by at least one of the cathode or anode being provided with metallic tantalum, and by the condition 1.56.ltoreq.VT/SC being satisfied, where SC is the area of the tungsten carbide layer (cm.sup.2) and VT is the volume of the metallic tantalum (mm.sup.3). Alternatively, a high degree of maintenance of irradiance can be achieved in a mercury lamp of the short arc type by the condition 0.043.ltoreq.VT/VW being satisfied, where VW is the volume of the anode (cm.sup.3) and VT is the volume of the tantalum in the lamp bulb (mm.sup.3).

Abstract: A mercury lamp of the short arc type with high radiant efficiency which satisfies the demand for an increase of the radiation amount of the light source, by suppressing the motion of the bright spot in the vicinity of the cathode tip suppresses the flickering of the irradiance and thus increases the arc stability, is achieved in a mercury lamp of the short arc type in which within an arc tube mercury and at least one rare gas are encapsulated, by either at least Ar being filled as the rare gas at an filling pressure of from 1 to 8 atm, and by the current density in the tip area of the cathode being 10 to 250 A/mm.sup.2 or alternatively, at least Kr being filled as the rare gas at an filling pressure of from 1 to 8 atm, and the current density in the tip area of the cathode being 10 to 310 A/mm.sup.2 during operation of the lamp.

Abstract: A lamp device in which the lamp can be reliably held and moved for adjustment of its position with respect to a concave reflector without being damaged, and in which the position of the lamp can be adjusted with high accuracy is achieved by providing a concave reflector with a cylindrical neck in its center bottom area and a lamp in which there is a hermetically sealed portion on at least one of its ends, and which is arranged with the hermetically sealed portion inserted through the neck of the concave reflector. Furthermore, according to the invention, the lamp device has a lamp base which is attached on the hermetically sealed portion of the lamp, and which extends in the axial direction of the lamp, and has a sleeve component formed of a cylindrical reflector holding portion and a cylindrical lamp base holding portion that are integrally united as one-piece, and in which in the reflector holding portion the neck of the concave reflector is attached.

Abstract: A cadmium/inert gas discharge lamp of the short arc type, which suppresses an unnecessary emission upstream and downstream of the necessary emission spectra in a wavelength range of 210 to 230 nm, achieves a high efficiency of the emission spectra in the range 210 to 230 nm and can be used in very satisfactory manner for industrial applications. Also, a highly efficient projection exposure device through the incorporation of a cadmium/rare gas discharge lamp of the short arc type having good emission spectrum characteristics in the wavelength range 210 to 230 nm, which can transmit in projecting manner fine image patterns with a large depth of focus. The cadmium/rare gas discharge lamp of the short arc type is arranged within a temperature-regulated quartz bulb, and is provided with a pair of adjacently facing electrodes, together with inert gas selected from xenon, krypton, argon, neon or mixtures of them.

Abstract: A vehicle disk player is disclosed in which a disk is inserted through a disk inserting opening, the disk is fixedly mounted on a turn table by a clamper arm when conveyed to a predetermined position in the player, the turn table is rotated for reproduction of data recorded in the disk, and reproducing means including the clamper arm and turn table are supported in a floating manner. The player is provided with a centering mechanism for positioning said disk at the middle of the disk inserting opening with centering pins. The centering pins are arranged out of the range of vibration of the disk which is fixedly mounted on said turn table supported in a floating manner.

Abstract: A disk playback apparatus with a centering mechanism for positioning a small or a large disk which comprises a support frame, a clamper arm swingably mounted on a rear portion of the support frame, and a centering mechanism for guiding large and a small diameter disks from a front side of the playback apparatus to a position between the support frame and the clamper arm when the disk is inserted into the playback apparatus. The centering mechanism has a pair of centering arms for contacting with a circumferential edge of the disk for positioning the disk in place, a centering lever provided in the clamper arm and connected to the pair of centering arms for simultaneously opening/closing the pair of centering arms, and lock arms each rotatably mounted on the associated centering arm for locking the centering arm independently, the lock arms allowing the pair of centering arms to be swingable when both the lock arms are released.

Abstract: A disc player is disclosed which includes a casing having a disc inserting opening, a turntable driven by a spindle motor, a clamper arm operating means for operating a clamper arm in cooperation with said turntable, a centering mechanism for guiding a disc from the disc inserting opening onto the turntable, the centering mechanism including a pair of centering arms (13, 14) each having at distal end portions contact portions which are to be brought into contact with a circumferential edge of the disc, the centering arms being pivotally movable at a predetermined distance in the disc inserting opening, a detecting lever (42) for detecting a condition that the disc is laid on the turntable, and a disc double insertion preventing lock linkage (43, 57) for preventing another disc from being inserted into the casing through the disc inserting opening when the first-mentioned disc is already located on the turntable, the double insertion preventing lock linkage being in cooperation with the centering mechanism.

Abstract: A vehicle disk player is disclosed in which a disk is inserted through a disk inserting opening, the disk is fixedly mounted on a turntable by a clamper arm when conveyed to a predetermined position in the player, the turntable is rotated for reproduction of data recorded in the disk, and reproducing means including the clamper arm and turntable are supported in a floating manner. The player is provided with a centering mechanism for positioning said disk at the middle of the disk inserting opening with centering pins. The centering pins are arranged out of the range of vibration of the disk which is fixedly mounted on said turntable supported in a floating manner. A centering lever (15) directly connects two centering arms (13 and 14).

Abstract: A device for preventing the erroneous insertion of a disc in a vehicle CD player. A movable cover is swingably mounted on a frame through a movable cover opening and closing arm. An operating member is coupled to the movable cover opening and closing arm, the operating member being operated in association with a disc clamping operation of a clamper arm. After the clamper arm clamps the disc, the movable cover opening and closing arm is swung so that the movable cover is swung to a disc-inserting-opening closing position.

Abstract: A disc player is disclosed which comprises a casing having a disc inserting opening, a turntable driven by a spindle motor, a clamper arm operating mechanism for operating a clamper arm in cooperation with said turntable, a centering mechanism for guiding a disc from the disc inserting opening onto the turntable, the centering mechanism including a pair of centering arms each having at distal end portions contact portions which are to be brought into contact with a circumferential edge of the disc, the centering arms being pivotally movable at a predetermined distance in the disc inserting opening, a detecting pin for detecting a condition that the disc is laid on the turntable; a separating mechanism for separating the pair of centering arms away from the circumferential edge of the disc when the disc is loaded on said turntable in cooperation with the clamper arm operating means.

Abstract: A disc reproducing apparatus is disclosed in which a disc is delivered from a disc inserting opening to a predetermined position within a player, a clamper arm that extends over a turntable for clamping the disc is operated to fix the disc on the turntable, and then the turntable is rotated to reproduce information recorded in the disc. A disc guide plate is pivotally mounted to the clamper arm such that the disc guide plate engages and disengages the clamper arm. A disc guiding recess into which a small-diameter disc can be fitted is provided to the disc guide plate. When the small-diameter disc is delivered, the small-diameter disc is fitted into the disc guiding recess to be aligned with a clamp position, and when a large-diameter disc is delivered, the large-diameter disc pushes the disc guide plate away to be aligned with the clamp position on the turntable.

Abstract: A disc reproducing apparatus is disclosed in which a large- or small-diameter disc inserted through a disc inserting opening is transferred to a predetermined position within a player, a clamper arm extending over a turntable on which the disc is placed is operated to fix the disc onto the turntable, and information recorded in the disc is reproduced by rotating the turntable. A pair of stopper arms are disposed on the clamper arm, each of which having an abutment which abuts the periphery of the disc. The pair of stopper arms are disposed such that when the small-diameter disc arrives at the predetermined position on the turntable, the angle made by the longitudinal axis of the respective stopper arms is smaller than the angle made by the radial lines connecting each stopper and the center of the small-diameter disc, but greater than the angle made by the radial lines connecting each stopper and the center of the large-diameter disc when the large-diameter disc is place.

Abstract: A disc reproducing apparatus is disclosed in which a large or small disc inserted through a disc inserting opening is transferred to a predetermined position within a player, a clamper arm extending over a turntable on which the disc is placed is operated to fix the disc onto the turntable, and information recorded in the disc is reproduced by rotating the turntable. A disc guide plate for guiding the small-diameter disc to a clamp position is pivotally mounted to the clamper arm. A disc guiding recess is provided into which the small disc can slip and which has a sufficiently wide opening. A restraining member blocks the advancement of only the large disc into the disc guiding recess. When the small disc is inserted through the disc inserting opening, the small-diameter disc is advanced into the disc guiding recess to be positioned at the clamp position.

Abstract: A front loading disk player comprising a housing provided with a slot into which a disk to be played is inserted, a playback unit installed in said housing and a disk carrier mechanism for carrying said disk to a playback position. The disk carrier mechanism includes a disk loader. The playback unit comprises a carriage for supporting an optical pickup, a driving mechanism for driving the carriage, a turntable and a support member for supporting the carriage, the driving mechanism and the turntable. The support member is secured to the housing through a vibration-damping mechanism. A locking unit is provided for locking the support member to the housing when the disk is not played.