Abstract: An analysis material sheet is disclosed which is comprised of layers of material with strong adhesion for one another. The sheet includes a water-impermeable support having provided directly or indirectly thereon a layer of fabric. The fabric contains a hydrophobic organic polymer fiber and is physically activated on at least one surface thereof, with the physically activated surface being adhered directly or indirectly to the support. A reagent layer can be provided directly or indirectly on the liquid sample-spreading layer of fabric. By utilizing a fabric containing a hydrophobic organic polymer fiber, body fluids to be analyzed can be quickly and uniformly spread and by utilizing the physically activated surface of the fabric, strong adhesion between the layers can be obtained.

Abstract: A liquid sample-spotting apparatus having a base, a holder which is mounted on the base by an elastic body such as a spring in such a manner that said holder is movable downward against an action of the elastic body for recovering the original form, and a manually operable micropipette which is detachably supported by the holder. A process for spotting a liquid sample on an analytical element using said apparatus, which comprises steps of moving downward the holder and the micropipette with a droplet of the liquid sample formed on the pointed end against the recovering action of the elastic body; stopping the downward movement of the micropipette when the droplet of the liquid sample bridges the micropipette and the surface of the analytical element to spot the droplet on the element; and elevating the micropipette to the original position by the recoverable action of the elastic body.

Abstract: A multi-layered, chemical analysis material for analysis of an aqueous liquid, which comprises in one embodiment(a) a light-transmitting, water-impermeable support having provided thereon in sequence(b) a reagent layer and(c) a porous, sample-spreading layer, with(i) the reagent layer (b) containing a lake dye precursor dispersed in a hydrophilic binder,(ii) urease incorporated in the reagent layer (b) or in a layer adjacent the reagent layer (b), and(iii) a lake forming metal salt or lake forming metal oxide, which does not substantially inhibit the activity of urease, incorporated in the reagent layer (b) or in a layer adjacent the reagent layer (b) or a lake forming metal salt or oxide incorporated in a layer adjacent the reagent layer (b); and in a second embodiment the chemical analysis material includes(d) a radiation-blocking layer interposed between said reagent layer (b) and said porous, sample-spreading layer (c).

Abstract: A device for maintaining a constant temperature for chemical analysis performed with slides having at least one layer adapted to absorb a substance to be analyzed. The slides are conveyed upon a lower conveying belt which may have projections or recesses formed therein for receiving the slides. The upper portions of the slides are sealed by a sealing guide belt which has a surface disposed parallel to and adjacent the conveying belt with the slides passing therebetween. A heater may be provided within the conveying belt and the guide member provided within the sealing guide belt which may itself perform a heating function.

Abstract: A method for quantitative determination of bilirubin is disclosed. The method comprises bringing a bilirubin-containing aqueous liquid sample into contact with a hydrophobic bilirubin extracting composition containing a hydrophobic amine capable of extracting bilirubin. The amine extracts the bilirubin in said aqueous liquid sample. Photometry is then used to determine the concentration of bilirubin extracted with the bilirubin extracting composition. A device for use in this method is also disclosed. The device has a layer containing a hydrophobic bilirubin extracting composition containing a hydrophobic amine capable of extracting bilirubin.

Abstract: A multilayer analytical element comprising a water-impermeable, light-transmissive support, a reagent layer containing at least a peroxidase, and a porous spreading layer, which are superposed in this order, in which at least one layer other than said support contains a water-soluble monocarboxylic acid or a salt thereof having solubility of not less than 1 g. in 100 g. of water at 25.degree. C.

Abstract: A multilayer analytical element comprising a water-impermeable, light-transmissive support, a reagent layer containing a color forming reagent composition for detection of hydrogen peroxide including at least combination of a chromogen and a coupler (a color indicator composition), and peroxidase, which produces a detectable change in the presence of peroxidase and hydrogen peroxide, and a porous spreading layer, which are superposed in this order,in which said chromogen is a 1,2,3-tri-substituted compound of 4-amino-3-pyrazolin-5-one having solubility in water at 25.degree. C. of lower than that of 4-amino-2,3-dimethyl-1-phenyl-3-pyrazolin-5-one.

Abstract: An ion selective electrode comprising a support having provided thereon, in sequence, a conductive layer and an ion selective layer, which is characterized by having at least one groove through the conductive layer and covering the surface of the groove with the ion selective layer is disclosed. Half cells or electrodes useful for the measurement of ionic activity of chlorine, sodium, potassium or, carbonate or hydrogen carbonate ions in blood or other aqueous sample liquids can be prepared in an extremely simple manner. The single ion selective electrode element comprising paired ion selective electrodes in accordance with the present invention are electrochemically equivalent. A process for forming the same is also disclosed.

Abstract: In a method for assaying an analyte comprising applying a liquid sample containing an analyte to a spreading layer of a multilayer analysis element comprising a support having laminated thereon at least one reagent layer containing a substrate capable of converting a detectable chemical species upon reaction with the analyte and a liquid sample-spreading layer and then detecting the chemical species, a wetting liquid is applied onto the spreading layer, prior to applying the liquid sample to the spreading layer. A liquid sample having a high analyte content can be measured with high accuracy.

Abstract: An ion selective electrode comprising a support having provided thereon, in sequence, a conductive layer and an ion selective layer, which is characterized by having at least one groove through the conductive layer and covering the surface of the groove with the ion selective layer is disclosed. Half cells or electrodes useful for the measurement of ionic activity of chlorine, sodium, potassium or, carbonate or hydrogen carbonate ions in blood or other aqueous sample liquids can be prepared in an extremely simple manner. The single ion selective electrode element comprising paired ion selective electrodes in accordance with the present invention are electrochemically equivalent. A process for forming the same is also disclosed.

Abstract: A thermal recording element comprising a support having formed thereon a recording layer, a first protective layer comprising an organic high molecular weight material having a softening point below about 70.degree. C. formed on the recording layer, and a second protective layer comprising an organic high molecular weight material having high mechanical strength.

Abstract: In a dry-type multilayer liquid analysis material for glucose determination composed of a transparent water-impermeable support having formed thereon in sequence at least a reagent layer containing a reactive component forming a detectable material by the action of hydrogen peroxide, a non-porous light-shielding layer, and a porous spreading layer, the coloring efficiency for colorimetry using the liquid analysis material is improved by incorporating a glucose oxidase enzyme in at least one layer disposed above the reagent layer.

Abstract: A device for determining ionic activity composed of, as essential components, plural pairs of ion-selective solid electrodes each pair having two electrodes (one electrode on each of two sides) and each pair having a different ion-selective layer; two liquid distribution porous members, each member disposed over all the electrodes of each said side of the plural pairs; and a porous capillary bridge disposed on or between the liquid distribution porous members. The bridge can be in liquid contact with all the electrodes through the liquid distribution porous members and achieve electrical conduction between two electrodes in each pair after spotting a test solution and a reference solution. The device preferably further comprises a support frame and a cover having two apertures for liquid spotting. The device can simultaneously determine ionic activities of a plurality of different ions in a test solution, such as whole blood, plasma, serum, urine, etc.

Abstract: A process for forming an image is disclosed wherein a photosensitive image-forming material comprising a diazonium compound or an azide compound is exposed and developed by a peeling development method wherein a development carrier sheet having thereon a layer of an adhesive composition is adhered to the image-forming material, before or after exposure, and, after exposure, peeled from the image-forming material whereby the exposed areas of the photosensitive layer are adhered to the carrier sheet thereby forming a relief image, and the unexposed areas remaining adhered to the support also forming a relief image.

Abstract: A chemical analysis slide frame assembly including first and second slide frames each having an opening whose area is smaller than the area of a chemical analysis film inserted therein and a third slide frame disposed between the first and second slide frames. The third slide frame has an opening which is adapted to receive the chemical analysis film and is shaped so as to substantially prevent the displacement of the chemical analysis film. The third slide frame has a thickness which is equal to or larger than the thickness of the chemical analysis film. The side wall of the opening in the first slide frame has a small optical reflection factor, preferably is dark so as to provide a small optical reflection factor.

Abstract: A multi-layer chemical analytical material comprising a support, a reagent layer on the support and a spreading layer on the reagent layer wherein the reagent layer is composed of a hydrophilic binder and fine hydrophobic particles dispersed in the hydrophilic binder, said hydrophobic particles containing a reagent capable of directly or indirectly reacting with the component being analyzed to produce a color change.

Abstract: A hematocrit value determining element comprising, in one embodiment, a water-impermeable planar support having integrally provided thereon a hydrophilic porous spreading layer, the porous spreading layer being such that blood spreads therethrough depending upon the viscosity of the blood and, in a second embodiment, a hematocrit value determining element as described above and a binder layer provided between the planar support and the porous spreading layer.

Abstract: A hemoglobin concentration-determining article comprising a water-impermeable support having integrally provided thereon, in sequence, a hydrophilic binder layer and a porous spreading layer which has a hydrophilic surface and in which the surface of the internal voids or the interior is hydrophilic and water-insoluble, said porous spreading layer being constituted so that an aqueous sample applied thereto can be spread and incorporated therein in a substantially definite volume per unit area.

Abstract: A process for forming an image is disclosed wherein a photo-sensitive material composed of a support and a layer of a photo-sensitive composition containing a diazonium compound, an o-quinonediazide compound or an aromatic azide is exposed and developed by heating in intimate contact with a peeling development carrier sheet, and subsequently, peeling the carrier sheet from the photo-sensitive material.

Abstract: A thermal recording element comprising a support, a recording layer formed thereon and a chlorinated polyolefin layer formed on said recording layer.