Abstract: There is provided an amplifier for combining outputs of a plurality of amplifying circuits to generate an amplifier output. The amplifier includes a first amplifying circuit for operating a first amplifying device in class-AB, wherein the first amplifying circuit is one among the plurality of the amplifying circuits; a second amplifying circuit for operating a second amplifying device in class-B or class-C, wherein the second amplifying circuit is one among the plurality of the amplifying circuits; and a summing node at which an output of the first amplifying circuit is combined with an output of the second amplifying circuit via a first impedance transformer containing a transmission line of an electrical length other than ?/4. The second amplifying device is connected to the summing node via an output matching circuit and a second impedance transformer containing a transmission line.

Abstract: The performance of an amplifying system is improved by achieving adequate matching. The amplifying system for amplifying signals includes distributing means 1 that distribute a signal, a carrier amplifier 2 that amplifies the distributed first signal in Class AB, a peak amplifier 4 that amplifies the distributed second signal in Class B or Class C, a first transmission line having a given electric length and being connected to an output of the carrier amplifier, a second transmission line having a given electric length and being connected to an output of the peak amplifier, and a combining end 18 for combining an output of the first transmission line and an output of the second transmission line.

Abstract: An object is to provide a method for teaching the position of a semiconductor wafer automatically and accurately without relying on the sight of an operator as well as a teaching jig that is used for the above method. To this end, in the invention, a teaching jig 11 is detected by a first transmission-type sensor 6 that is provided at the tips of a wafer gripping portion 5 of a robot. The teaching jig 11 is composed of a large disc portion 12 that is the same in outer diameter as a semiconductor wafer and a small disc portion 13 that is concentric with the large disc portion 12. The teaching jig 21 is detected by a second transmission-type sensor 18 that is provided on the wafer gripping portion 5. The second transmission-type sensor 18 is mounted on a sensor jig 15 so as to be detachable form the wafer gripping portion 5.

Abstract: There is provided an amplifier for combining outputs of a plurality of amplifying circuits to generate an amplifier output. The amplifier includes a first amplifying circuit for operating a first amplifying device in class-AB, wherein the first amplifying circuit is one among the plurality of the amplifying circuits; a second amplifying circuit for operating a second amplifying device in class-B or class-C, wherein the second amplifying circuit is one among the plurality of the amplifying circuits; and a summing node at which an output of the first amplifying circuit is combined with an output of the second amplifying circuit via a first impedance transformer containing a transmission line of an electrical length other than ?/4. The second amplifying device is connected to the summing node via an output matching circuit and a second impedance transformer containing a transmission line.

Abstract: In the wafer position teaching method for a wafer carrying system, a teaching tool is mounted at a position of the container or the processing equipment where the semiconductor wafer is to be set. The teaching tool is sensed by a sensor provided at a wafer gripping portion of the robot. Prior to sensing the teaching tool by the sensor, external teaching tools mounted on a front external wall of the processing equipment are sensed by the sensor to roughly estimate the position of the teaching tool. Based on the estimated position, the sensor approaches and senses the teaching tool to obtain the position of the semiconductor wafer. Thus, the wafer position can be taught precisely and automatically without causing interference, even when the frontage of processing equipment is narrow.

Abstract: The performance of an amplifying system is improved by achieving adequate matching. The amplifying system for amplifying signals includes distributing means 1 that distribute a signal, a carrier amplifier 2 that amplifies the distributed first signal in Class AB, a peak amplifier 4 that amplifies the distributed second signal in Class B or Class C, a first transmission line having a given electric length and being connected to an output of the carrier amplifier, a second transmission line having a given electric length and being connected to an output of the peak amplifier, and a combining end 18 for combining an output of the first transmission line and an output of the second transmission line.

Abstract: A first control unit controls a bias applied to the peak amplifier to (a) make a peak amplifier operate as class C when the level of the input signal is lower than a first threshold value, to (b) make the peak amplifier operate as class AB with a second conduction angle substantially equal to a first conduction angle, when the level of the input signal is higher than a second threshold value higher than the first threshold value, and to (c) make the peak amplifier operate as class AB with a third conduction angle smaller than the first conduction angle, when the level of the input signal is not less than the first threshold value and not more than the second threshold value.

Abstract: A conventional power amplifying device has a problem that when a signal band is widened, sampling frequency for distortion detection is increased and an FFT calculation amount of a distortion compensation unit is increased, which increase a circuit size and power consumption. The present invention provides a non-linear distortion detection method and a distortion compensation amplifying device capable of suppressing increase of the circuit size and the power consumption even if the signal band is widened. A signal obtained by feeding back an output of a power amplifier is sampled by an A/D converter. An equalizer of a distortion detection unit uses an input signal d(n) of a predistorter as a reference symbol to detect an equalization error e(n) of the orthogonal demodulation signal u(n). An absolute value averaging unit outputs an absolute value of the equalization error e(n) which has been temporally averaged to E(n) as a distortion value to a control unit.

Abstract: An error correction encoding rate selection table is provided in an error correction processing unit of a packet transfer apparatus, and the table stores an error correction encoding rate preset to maintain a desired QoS in correspondence with a protocol type and an application type. When a transmission packet is transferred to a wireless transmission path, an encoding control unit judges the protocol type and application type of a transmission packet from a header of the transmission packet, in accordance with a judgment result and the error correction encoding rate selection table, an error correction encoding rate is selected, and the transmission packet is subjected to error correction encoding and transferred.

Abstract: In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, a method of performing calibration of an optical axis of a sensor installed on a hand of an arm of a robot by obtaining misalignment of the optical axis of the sensor relative to the hand or by obtaining misalignment of the hand relative to the arm is provided. A method of performing calibration by detecting a teaching tool 11 disposed at a semiconductor wafer placing position of a storage container or a carrying device by a sensor 6 installed on a hand 5 of a robot 1 to teach the position of the semiconductor wafer to the robot 1 includes a step of placing the teaching tool 11 at specified position with the robot 1, a step of predicting the position of the teaching tool 11 detecting the teaching tool 11 with the sensor 6, and a step of obtaining a difference between the position of the teaching tool 11 and the predicted value.

Abstract: A mobile communication system, and method, having, in an operational area of the base station, a plurality of mobile stations each capable of operating in an arbitrary one of two kinds of communication mode, i.e., a base station dependent mode for conducting communication via a base station and a direct communication mode for conducting direct communication between mobile stations. Information containing an important message to be received by all mobile stations is transmitted from the base station in the base station dependent mode. Upon receiving the information containing the important message, a mobile station placed in the base station dependent mode transmits the information containing the important message in the direct communication mode. As a result, all mobile stations placed in the direct communication mode receive the important message.

Abstract: In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, a method of performing calibration of an optical axis of a sensor installed on a hand of an arm of a robot by obtaining misalignment of the optical axis of the sensor relative to the hand or by obtaining misalignment of the hand relative to the arm is provided. A method of performing calibration by detecting a teaching tool 11 disposed at a semiconductor wafer placing position of a storage container or a carrying device by a sensor 6 installed on a hand 5 of a robot 1 to teach the position of the semiconductor wafer to the robot 1 includes a step of placing the teaching tool 11 at specified position with the robot 1, a step of predicting the position of the teaching tool 11 detecting the teaching tool 11 with the sensor 6, and a step of obtaining a difference between the position of the teaching tool 11 and the predicted value.

Abstract: There is provided an amplifier for combining outputs of a plurality of amplifying circuits to generate an amplifier output. The amplifier includes a first amplifying circuit for operating a first amplifying device in class-AB, wherein the first amplifying circuit is one among the plurality of the amplifying circuits; a second amplifying circuit for operating a second amplifying device in class-B or class-C, wherein the second amplifying circuit is one among the plurality of the amplifying circuits; and a summing node at which an output of the first amplifying circuit is combined with an output of the second amplifying circuit via a first impedance transformer containing a transmission line of an electrical length other than ?/4. The second amplifying device is connected to the summing node via an output matching circuit and a second impedance transformer containing a transmission line.

Abstract: An error correction encoding rate selection table is provided in an error correction processing unit of a packet transfer apparatus, and the table stores an error correction encoding rate preset to maintain a desired QoS in correspondence with a protocol type and an application type. When a transmission packet is transferred to a wireless transmission path, an encoding control unit judges the protocol type and application type of a transmission packet from a header of the transmission packet, in accordance with a judgement result and the error correction encoding rate selection table, an error correction encoding rate is selected, and the transmission packet is subjected to error correction encoding and transferred.

Abstract: An object is to provide a method for teaching the position of a semiconductor wafer automatically and accurately without relying on the sight of an operator as well as a teaching jig that is used for the above method. To this end, in the invention, a teaching jig 11 is detected by a first transmission-type sensor 6 that is provided at the tips of a wafer gripping portion 5 of a robot. The teaching jig 11 is composed of a large disc portion 12 that is the same in outer diameter as a semiconductor wafer and a small disc portion 13 that is concentric with the large disc portion 12. The teaching jig 21 is detected by a second transmission-type sensor 18 that is provided on the wafer gripping portion 5. The second transmission-type sensor 18 is mounted on a sensor jig 15 so as to be detachable form the wafer gripping portion 5.

Abstract: When an input screen for inputting points regarding each of the 28 teeth in total is displayed on the display unit (40), the operator inputs points for each tooth upon referring to the assessment criterion which associates the condition of the dental framework and periodontal framework with the points corresponding to the respective frameworks. Points regarding each input tooth are stored in the main memory (20). When the input of points for all teeth is completed, the CPU (10) reads the points regarding each tooth from the main memory (20) and calculates the total number of points from the points of each tooth, and further calculates the tooth age by diving such total number of points by three. The calculated tooth age is displayed on the display unit (40). Accordingly, the tooth age is provided to the operator as effective auxiliary information upon such operator judging the intraoral condition.

Abstract: A mobile communication system, and method, having, in an operational area of the base station, a plurality of mobile stations each capable of operating in an arbitrary one of two kinds of communication mode, i.e., a base station dependent mode for conducting communication via a base station and a direct communication mode for conducting direct communication between mobile stations. Information containing an important message to be received by all mobile stations is transmitted from the base station in the base station dependent mode. Upon receiving the information containing the important message, a mobile station placed in the base station dependent mode transmits the information containing the important message in the direct communication mode. As a result, all mobile stations placed in the direct communication mode receive the important message.

Abstract: A multi-carrier modulation apparatus to which transmultiplexers are applied. A multiplexing signal is treated as a synthesis of a plurality of multiplexed signals which are separated by a wider interval than the multiplexing frequency interval. Signals of channels 1 to M continuously frequency-multiplexed at a channel interval fB are treated as a synthetic signal of signals of channel 1 to channel 2N−1 and signals of channel 1 to channel 2N which are frequency-multiplexed at a channel interval 2fB. Individual multiplexed signals are synthesized by a plurality of transmultiplexers of less multiplexing number to make characteristics of polyphase filters required for the transmultiplexers less sharp.

Abstract: In a radio communication device which includes at least a modulator, a power amplifier, a demodulator, and a carrier oscillator wherein an input signal to the radio communication device is corrected with a feedback demodulated signal to compensate for possible non-linear distortions in the power amplifier, a phase shift quantity for correction of the phase of the carrier which demodulates the feedback modulated signal in the demodulator is separated into a fixed phase quantity and a variable phase quantity smaller than the fixed phase quantity. The carrier is phase-corrected such that a phase shifter shifts the phase of the carrier by the fixed phase quantity and a second phase shifter shifts the phase of the carrier by the variable phase quantity smaller than the fixed phase quantity.

Abstract: A communication system of a time division multiple access method in which transmission data are transmitted in a unit of a frame having a predetermined number of symbols in which a pilot symbol is periodically inserted in a series of data symbols for compensation of fading distortion and a carrier is reset at each frame. A phase correction circuit for correcting phase variation due to the reset of carrier phase at each frame is provided. When pilot symbols except a frame in which fading distortion is to be compensated are used in a receiving side, the pilot symbols corrected by the phase correction circuit can be selected to thereby compensate fading distortion exactly regardless of an insertion position of pilot symbols in the frame even by using the interpolation method.