Abstract: A digital-analog converter circuit includes: a first digital-analog conversion part that obtains an analog output signal in response to a value of a digital input signal; and a second digital-analog conversion part that generates a control signal in response to a value of a digital gain control input signal externally input, wherein the first digital-analog conversion part adjusts a start voltage or end voltage of the analog output signal based on the digital gain control input signal for controlling the second digital-analog conversion part.

Abstract: A timing adjustment circuit includes at least one data line; a phase synchronization circuit that includes a plurality of oscillation delay elements which oscillate an oscillation signal, and that is configured to oscillate the oscillation signal by synchronizing a phase of a feedback clock with a phase of a reference clock; at least one delay circuit that includes a delay element which is disposed on the data line and which is equivalent to one of the plurality of oscillation delay elements, and that is configured to delay data which is to be transmitted on the data line; and a delay adjustment unit configured to adjust an amount of delay of the delay element of the delay circuit in accordance with a signal associated with oscillation of the phase synchronization circuit.

Abstract: A timing adjustment circuit includes at least one data line; a phase synchronization circuit that includes a plurality of oscillation delay elements which oscillate an oscillation signal, and that is configured to oscillate the oscillation signal by synchronizing a phase of a feedback clock with a phase of a reference clock; at least one delay circuit that includes a delay element which is disposed on the data line and which is equivalent to one of the plurality of oscillation delay elements, and that is configured to delay data which is to be transmitted on the data line; and a delay adjustment unit configured to adjust an amount of delay of the delay element of the delay circuit in accordance with a signal associated with oscillation of the phase synchronization circuit.

Abstract: In a reference signal comparison AD conversion scheme, a reference signal SLP_ADC and each of P and D phases of a pixel signal voltage Vx are compared. A count clock CKcnt1 is counted based on the comparison result. The counting result data is converted into signal data Dsig, i.e., the difference between the P and D phases, which is also subjected to CDS. At this time, the n-bit AD conversion is performed on each of the P and D phases of the pixel signal voltage Vx, followed by summation for digital integration. This prevents any possible detrimental effects that may be caused by summation in the analog domain. Although the signal data becomes W times greater, noise will likely become ?W times greater. This alleviates the problem of random noise resulting from AD conversion such as quantizing noise and circuit noise that do not exist in the analog domain, thus reducing the noise.

Abstract: A solid-state imaging apparatus includes: a pixel array section in which pixels including photoelectric conversion elements are two-dimensionally arranged in a matrix form, and a plurality of systematic pixel drive lines to transmit drive signals to read out signals from the pixels are arranged for each pixel row; and a row scanning section to simultaneously output the drive signals through the plurality of systematic pixel drive lines to a plurality of pixel rows for different pixel columns.

Abstract: A timing adjustment circuit includes at least one data line; a phase synchronization circuit that includes a plurality of oscillation delay elements which oscillate an oscillation signal, and that is configured to oscillate the oscillation signal by synchronizing a phase of a feedback clock with a phase of a reference clock; at least one delay circuit that includes a delay element which is disposed on the data line and which is equivalent to one of the plurality of oscillation delay elements, and that is configured to delay data which is to be transmitted on the data line; and a delay adjustment unit configured to adjust an amount of delay of the delay element of the delay circuit in accordance with a signal associated with oscillation of the phase synchronization circuit.

Abstract: A digital-analog converter circuit includes: a first digital-analog conversion part that obtains an analog output signal in response to a value of a digital input signal; and a second digital-analog conversion part that generates a control signal in response to a value of a digital gain control input signal externally input, wherein the first digital-analog conversion part adjusts a start voltage or end voltage of the analog output signal based on the digital gain control input signal for controlling the second digital-analog conversion part.

Abstract: A solid-state imaging apparatus includes comparing means for comparing a pixel signal obtained by a pixel section and a reference signal the value of which varies in a stepwise manner, analog-digital converting means for outputting, as a digital value, the amount of time when the pixel signal and the reference signal change levels by the comparing means, reset signal generating means for generating a reset signal that triggers a reset operation to be input to the comparing means in order to adjust the reference in the analog-digital converting means, and waveform processing means provided between the reset signal generating means and the comparing means for increasing the degree of dullness of a waveform of the reset signal.

Abstract: A solid-state imaging device includes plural photoelectric conversion means arranged along light receiving surfaces, readout means for reading out signal charge generated in the photoelectric conversion means, a voltage supply means for supplying various levels of voltages to respective units including the photoelectric conversion means and the readout means, a detection means for detecting level change of a prescribed supply voltage in supply voltages by the voltage supply means and a control means for controlling so that the level change is converged when level change of the prescribed supply voltage is detected by the detection means.

Abstract: A color filter manufacturing apparatus can manufacture a color filter with less color unevenness in a short period of time. The color filter manufacturing apparatus forms an array of colored portions of a color filter by discharging a plurality of inks from a plurality of discharge orifices at a predetermined density by using an ink-jet head having a plurality of discharge orifices, an ink chamber connected to the plurality of discharge orifices, an ink supply opening for supplying ink to the ink chamber, and an ink exit opening for exiting ink from the ink chamber. The color filter manufacturing apparatus comprises an ink flow generating device for generating a flow of ink from the ink supply opening to the ink exit opening in the ink chamber while discharging ink from the discharge orifices for coloring. The colored portions are formed when a variation rate of ink volume discharged from the plurality of discharge orifices for forming the array of colored portions is ±3% or less.

Abstract: This invention relates to a microcapsule having a particle diameter of 2.about.300 .mu.m and comprising a substance acting to improve physiological conditions of human skin, for example, substances exhibiting such effects as skin whitening, aging preventive, humidity preservable, itch suppressive, pain-killing, or antiphlogistic ones, and/or aromatic agents contained within the filmy coating of synthetic high molecular substance. The microcapsule is not broken when making, processing, or laundering the textile structure, but is gradually broken when the textile structure is put on the human body, used for another purpose, or subjected to intentional application of friction or pressure thereto, and sustainedly releases acting substances contained therein.

Abstract: Aluminum or aluminum alloy scraps or wastes are broken into chips and extruded under a high temperature to produce extruded structural profiles. The method is characterized by the fact that the interior of the extruder is evacuated prior to or simultaneously with the extrusion step so as to exhaust air entrapped in the body of the chips. There is also disclosed apparatus suitable for performing the method.

Abstract: Aluminum or aluminum alloy scraps or wastes are broken into chips and extruded under a high temperature to produce extruded structural profiles. The method is characterized by the fact that the interior of the extruder is evacuated prior to or simultaneously with the extrusion step so as to exhaust air entrapped in the body of the chips. There is also disclosed apparatus suitable for performing the method.

Abstract: An aluminum alloy consising essentially of 0.65 to 0.75% by weight of magnesium and 0.50 to 0.60% by weight of silicon or 0.47 to 0.57% by weight of magnesium and 0.75 to 0.85% by weight of silicon, 0.15% to 0.25% by weight of iron, less than 0.05% of an impurity selected from the group consisting of copper, manganese, zinc, chromium, and titanium and the balance aluminum, the aluminum alloy being subjected to aging treatment at a temperature below 200.degree. C for 20 to 50 minutes to obtain 0.2% proof stress larger than 11 kg/mm.sup.2, ultimate tensile strength larger than 20 kg/mm.sup.2 and elongation more than 8%. Aluminum alloy shapes are formed of the above aluminum alloy by extrusion forming of the aluminum alloy to obtain an extrusion, coating a film on the surface of the extrusion with a water-soluble paint after forming thereon a ground film, heating the extrusion at a temperature below 200.degree.

Abstract: Method for producing extruded structural profiles from aluminum or aluminum alloy scrap materials. The scrap materials are compacted under room temperature or under heat suitable for hot extrusion into a cylindrical body which is of such a dimension that is suitable for insertion into an extruder. The compacted body has an average density which is 70 to 86 percent of that of aluminum, and includes longitudinal air passages. Suction pressure is applied to the interior of the extruder during extruding process for removing air entrapped in the body, which may otherwise cause voids in the extruded products.

Abstract: Aluminum or aluminum alloy scraps or wastes are broken into chips and converted into a cylindrical body to be extruded under a temperature suitable to produce extruded structural profiles. The method is characterized by the fact that the interior of the extruder is evacuated prior to or simultaneously with the extrusion step so as to exhaust air entrapped in the cylindrical body.

Abstract: A proportional electromagnetic-type direction-and throttle-controlling valve comprising a spring centered valve spool in a valve body, a pressure reducing valve, two flow restricting orifices, two DC solenoid controlled poppet valves and a vent port in each pressure chamber. Supply flow reduced to a fixed low pressure is divided into two branch lines with flow restricting orifices. The pilot pressure in each restricted flow passage with vent port is controlled by a DC solenoid-controlled poppet valve. The pilot pressure acting on the main spool end moves the spool against the spool centering spring force proportionally to the input DC current. Therefore, the flow rate through the throttling gap between the spool land and the mating valve body is controlled proportionally to input DC current. Vent ports are provided for rapid action of the spool.