Abstract: This edge light-type backlight device comprises a light guide plate, a light source disposed at one end part of the light guide plate, a light diffusion sheet and a prism sheet on a light emission face of the light guide plate. The refractive index of the prism sheet exceeds 1.60, a peak of emitted light distribution of the light emission face in a plane parallel to the one end part of the light guide plate and orthogonal to the light emission face is within an angle ranges of 30°˜45° and ?30°˜?45° with respect to a normal direction of the light emission face. The emitted light of the light emission face diminishes toward an emission angle ?90° or 90° with respect to the normal line from the angle ranges of the peak of the emitted light distribution. High frontal brightness and diffusion are realized.

Abstract: There is provided a scattering film that can be used in organic EL light emitting devices and that not only improves efficiency for light utilization and improves viewing angle dependency, which have conventionally been problems, but also can solve the problem of reflection when lights-off. This scattering film for organic EL is used in organic EL light emitting devices. The scattering film comprises a scattering layer that includes a binder resin and particles having a refractive index different from the binder resin. The average particle size of the particles is 10 ?m or less, and the coefficient of variation of the average particle size for the particles is 30% or greater.

Abstract: Disclosed is a scattering film which can be used in an organic EL light-emitting device, in which the light utilization efficiency and field-of-view dependence, which have been problems so far in organic EL light-emitting devices, can be improved without interfering the two properties with each other. Specifically disclosed is a scattering film for an organic EL, which can be placed on the light emission surface side of an organic EL light-emitting device for use, and involves a scattering layer, wherein the scattering layer comprises a binder resin, microparticles having a different refractive index from that of the binder resin, and resin particles having a larger average particle diameter than that of the microparticles. The content of the microparticles is preferably 5 to 90 parts by weight relative to 100 parts by weight of the binder resin, and the content of the resin particles is preferably 100 to 300 parts by weight relative to 100 parts by weight of the binder resin.

Abstract: This edge light-type backlight device comprises a light guide plate, a light source disposed at one end part of the light guide plate, a light diffusion sheet and a prism sheet on a light emission face of the light guide plate. The refractive index of the prism sheet exceeds 1.60, a peak of emitted light distribution of a light emission face of the light diffusion sheet in a plane orthogonal to a direction along the one end part of the light guide plate is within an angle range of 48°-58° with respect to a normal direction of the light emission face, and the emitted light of the light emission face of the light diffusion sheet diminishes toward ?90° or 90° with respect to the normal line from the angle range of the peak of the emitted light distribution. High frontal brightness and diffusion are realized.

Abstract: This edge light-type backlight device comprises a light guide plate, a light source disposed at one end part of the light guide plate, a light diffusion sheet and a prism sheet on a light emission face of the light guide plate. The refractive index of the prism sheet exceeds 1.60, a peak of emitted light distribution of the light emission face in a plane parallel to the one end part of the light guide plate and orthogonal to the light emission face is within an angle ranges of 30°˜45° and ?30°˜?45° with respect to a normal direction of the light emission face. The emitted light of the light emission face diminishes toward an emission angle ?90° or 90° with respect to the normal line from the angle ranges of the peak of the emitted light distribution. High frontal brightness and diffusion are realized.

Abstract: There is provided a scattering film that can be used in organic EL light emitting devices and that not only improves efficiency for light utilization and improves viewing angle dependency, which have conventionally been problems, but also can solve the problem of reflection when lights-off. This scattering film for organic EL is used in organic EL light emitting devices. The scattering film comprises a scattering layer that includes a binder resin and particles having a refractive index different from the binder resin. The average particle size of the particles is 10 ?m or less, and the coefficient of variation of the average particle size for the particles is 30% or greater.

Abstract: Disclosed is a scattering film which can be used in an organic EL light-emitting device, in which the light utilization efficiency and field-of-view dependence, which have been problems so far in organic EL light-emitting devices, can be improved without interfering the two properties with each other. Specifically disclosed is a scattering film for an organic EL, which can be placed on the light emission surface side of an organic EL light-emitting device for use, and involves a scattering layer, wherein the scattering layer comprises a binder resin, microparticles having a different refractive index from that of the binder resin, and resin particles having a larger average particle diameter than that of the microparticles. The content of the microparticles is preferably 5 to 90 parts by weight relative to 100 parts by weight of the binder resin, and the content of the resin particles is preferably 100 to 300 parts by weight relative to 100 parts by weight of the binder resin.

Abstract: There is provided a light diffusive plate and a light guide plate, in which the generation of deflection, a cause of defective imaging, can be prevented. On both surfaces and/or end surfaces of a light diffusive plate 1 made of synthetic resin, a moisture proof layer 2 made of a material having lower vapor permeability than that of the light diffusive plate 1 is formed to produce a light diffusive plate 3. On both surfaces and/or end surfaces of a light guide plate 1 made of synthetic resin, which has at least on end as a light incident surface and a surface almost orthogonal with it as a light emergent surface, a moisture proof layer 2 made of a material having lower vapor permeability than that of the light guide plate 1 is formed to produce a light guide plate 3.

Abstract: There are provided an optical member which does not degrade image quality even if it undergoes changes of temperature and humidity with time inside a liquid crystal display etc. and a backlight device using the same. The optical member 1 of the present invention is constituted by forming a functional resin layer formed from a composition containing a resin having a glass transition temperature of 45° C. or higher on a base material, and curving the optical member 1 to protrude on the base material side. The backlight device 10 of the present invention is constituted by incorporating such an optical member 1. Preferably, curved surface of the optical member 1 is constituted to have a curvature radius in the range of 1.5 to 9.0 m.

Abstract: Because light diffusing plates constituting backlight units have high moisture absorbency, light diffusing plates cause deformation such as warp, swell and flexure and adversely affect other members such as liquid crystal cells to cause defective images. A backlight unit that does not generate defective images due to such deformation of light diffusing plate is provided. This backlight unit is a backlight unit 1 comprising light sources 13, a light diffusing plate 14 comprising a synthetic resin and disposed on the light sources, and one or more kinds of optical members 15 and 16 for backlight unit disposed on the light diffusing plate, wherein both surfaces of the light diffusing plate 14 shall have an arithmetical mean deviation (Ra) of 0.1 ?m or less according to JIS B0601:1994.

Abstract: A light diffusive sheet of the present invention comprises a transparent polymer sheet provided with a light diffusion layer 3 on one side and an uneven surface 4a having arithmetical mean deviation of 0.5 ?m or less and mean spacing of 80 ?m or narrower on the opposite side. Such an uneven surface can be made by forming a backcoat layer 4 including a mixture of particles having particular mean diameters in a particular proportion to a binder resin on the transparent polymer sheet. An area light source element 7 of the present invention is produced by laminating a prism sheet 6 on a light guide plate 5 so that the prism surface 61 of the prism sheet 6 is opposed to the light-emitting surface 51 of the light guide plate 5 and laminating the light diffusive sheet on the prism sheet 6 so that the uneven surface (backcoat layer) of the light diffusive sheet is opposed to the surface opposite of the prism surface.

Abstract: A power steering system capable of giving a driver no discomfort even when an incoming current instruction value sharply decreases. The power steering system comprises a controller C for determining a solenoid current instruction value SI on the basis of a current instruction value I1 in accordance with a steering angle supplied from a steering angle sensor, a current instruction value I2 in accordance with a steering angular velocity, and a current instruction value in accordance with a vehicle speed. The controller C comprises a delay control section for reducing the rate of decrease only when the incoming current instruction value sharply decreases and outputting the resulting current instruction value.

Abstract: Provision of a power steering system capable of giving a driver no discomfort during high-speed travel. A controller calculates or stores a current instruction value I1 in accordance with a steering angle supplied from a steering angle sensor and a current instruction value I2 in accordance with a steering angular velocity; performs multiplication of the steering angle base current instruction value I1 and the steering angular velocity base current instruction value I2 by current instruction values I5, I6 set based on a vehicle speed, respectively; applies current instruction values I7, I8 in accordance with the vehicle speed serving as limit values to the corresponding steering angle base and steering angular velocity base current instruction values resulting from the multiplication; selects a larger value of the two current instruction values below the limit values; and determines the selected value as a solenoid current instruction value SI.

Abstract: A power steering system capable of preventing an unnecessary standby flow produced in high speed travel. A controller C determines a basic current instruction value Id based on a current instruction value I1 in accordance with a steering angle detected by a steering angle sensor 14, a current instruction value I2 in accordance with a steering angular velocity and current instruction values I5, I6 in accordance with a vehicle speed, and adds a standby current instruction value Is to the basic current instruction value Id, and outputs the resultant value of the addition as a solenoid current instruction value SI, and changes the standby current instruction value Is on the basis of the vehicle speed.

Abstract: Provision of a power steering system which is capable of preventing a delay in response for outputting a solenoid current instruction value SI. A controller C stores a table of basic current instruction values I1 corresponding to combinations of steering angles and steering angular velocities. The controller C obtains a basic current instruction value I1 from the table, and multiplies the obtained basic current instruction value I1 by a current instruction value I2 determined on the basis of a vehicle speed, and then determines the multiplied value as a solenoid current instruction value SI.

Abstract: For an energy-saving type control, a value of a control low rate QP controlled by a flow control valve V is closer to a value of a flow rate required by an output side such as a power cylinder 8, a steering valve 9 or the like, to suppress a driving torque of a pump P. An excitation current I of a solenoid SOL is specified on the basis of a solenoid current instruction value IT based on a steering torque and a solenoid current instruction value IS defining a standby flow rate.

Abstract: A light diffusive sheet of the present invention comprises a transparent polymer sheet provided with a light diffusion layer 3 on one side and an uneven surface 4a having arithmetical mean deviation of 0.5 &mgr;m or less and mean spacing of 80 &mgr;m or narrower on the opposite side. Such an uneven surface can be made by forming a backcoat layer 4 including a mixture of particles having particular mean diameters in a particular proportion to a binder resin on the transparent polymer sheet. An area light source element 7 of the present invention is produced by laminating a prism sheet 6 on a light guide plate 5 so that the prism surface 61 of the prism sheet 6 is opposed to the light-emitting surface 51 of the light guide plate 5 and laminating the light diffusive sheet on the prism sheet 6 so that the uneven surface (backcoat layer) of the light diffusive sheet is opposed to the surface opposite of the prism surface.

Abstract: A power steering system capable of preventing an unnecessary standby flow produced in high speed travel. A controller C determines a basic current instruction value Id based on a current instruction value I1 in accordance with a steering angle detected by a steering angle sensor 14, a current instruction value I2 in accordance with a steering angular velocity and current instruction values I5, I6 in accordance with a vehicle speed, and adds a standby current instruction value Is to the basic current instruction value Id, and outputs the resultant value of the addition as a solenoid current instruction value SI, and changes the standby current instruction value Is on the basis of the vehicle speed.

Abstract: Provision of a power steering system capable of giving a driver no discomfort during high-speed travel. A controller calculates or stores a current instruction value I1 in accordance with a steering angle supplied from a steering angle sensor and a current instruction value I2 in accordance with a steering angular velocity; performs multiplication of the steering angle base current instruction value I1 and the steering angular velocity base current instruction value I2 by current instruction values I5, I6 set based on a vehicle speed, respectively; applies current instruction values I7, I8 in accordance with the vehicle speed serving as limit values to the corresponding steering angle base and steering angular velocity base current instruction values resulting from the multiplication; selects a larger value of the two current instruction values below the limit values; and determines the selected value as a solenoid current instruction value SI.

Abstract: Provision of a power steering system which is capable of preventing a delay in response for outputting a solenoid current instruction value SI. A controller C stores a table of basic current instruction values I1 corresponding to combinations of steering angles and steering angular velocities. The controller C obtains a basic current instruction value I1 from the table, and multiplies the obtained basic current instruction value I1 by a current instruction value I2 determined on the basis of a vehicle speed, and then determines the multiplied value as a solenoid current instruction value SI.