Abstract: A cooling apparatus for a hot rolled steel strip comprising: top surface cooling means provided above a hot rolled steel strip which is transferred with transfer rollers; and a bottom surface cooling means provided below the hot rolled steel strip, each of the top surface cooling means and the bottom surface cooling means comprising: a protective member having at least one cooling water passage hole; at least one cooling water header opposing the hot rolled steel strip separated by the protective member; and cooling water jetting nozzles protruding from the cooling water header, wherein the tips of the cooling water jetting nozzles are disposed farther from the hot rolled steel strip than the surface, opposing the hot rolled steel strip, of the protective member.

Abstract: In a photoelectric encoder, each of light receiving elements (33a-33d) has a parallelogram shape formed by adjoining two congruent triangular light receiving regions (B), which each have a height dx1 with a dy1-long base edge, where one light receiving region (B) is adjacent to another with their base edges being coincident with each other. The base edge extends in a Y direction, while the height direction against the base edge is an X direction. Trailing and leading edges of detection signals from comparators (34, 36) are made abrupt to reduce jitter. A total light reception area of 4×(dx1)×(dy1) is obtained from regions whose total area is 4×(dx1)×(dy1+?), so that setting ‘?’ (?>0) to a small one allows the light efficiency to be greatly improved.

Abstract: In the photoelectric encoder of the invention, as a light passing zone PZ of a movable object 21 travels by one pitch P, an output signal OUT2 of a second logical operation unit 26b comes to be delayed in phase by 45° with respect to an output signal OUT1 of a first logical operation unit 26a. Therefore, an output having a resolution two times higher than that of the movable object having a phase difference of 90° can be obtained, where the width of each of light receiving elements 22a-22d is (¼)P. Accordingly, the width of each of the light receiving elements can be made two times larger, compared with the case where the width of each of the light receiving elements is (?)P as in conventional optical encoders. Thus, the output strength of the detection signal can be increased, so that the S/N ratio can be improved.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for anodizing a component. The component is placed in a container having first and second seal members that seal an annular surface of the component to be anodized. The first and second seal members, the annular surface of the component, and an inner surface of the container form a reaction chamber that holds a reaction medium therein. The reaction medium is supplied to the reaction chamber through a supply passage formed in the container. The reaction medium is drained from the reaction chamber through a drain passage formed in the container.

Abstract: In the photoelectric encoder of the invention, as a light passing zone PZ of a movable object 21 travels by one pitch P, an output signal OUT2 of a second logical operation unit 26b comes to be delayed in phase by 45° with respect to an output signal OUT1 of a first logical operation unit 26a. Therefore, an output having a resolution two times higher than that of the movable object having a phase difference of 90° can be obtained, where the width of each of light receiving elements 22a-22d is (¼)P. Accordingly, the width of each of the light receiving elements can be made two times larger, compared with the case where the width of each of the light receiving elements is (?)P as in conventional optical encoders. Thus, the output strength of the detection signal can be increased, so that the S/N ratio can be improved.

Abstract: An insulation box unit and a refrigerator of the present invention employs i) rigid urethane foam with a 8.0 MPa-or-greater bending modulus, and a 60 kg/m3-or-lower density, and ii) a vacuum insulation material. The proper bending modulus provides the insulation box unit with a substantial strength, even in the case that the coverage of the vacuum insulation material with respect to the surface of the outer box exceeds 40%. The proper density prevents the insulation box unit from poor insulation efficiency due to undesired solid thermal conductivity. Despite of an extended use of the vacuum insulation material, the insulation box unit offers an excellent insulation efficiency and therefore accelerates energy saving. According to the recycling method of the present invention, rigid urethane foam formed of tolylene di-isocyanate composition, which was separated from refrigerator wastes, is recycled as a material of rigid urethane foam.

Abstract: A reflection encoder is disclosed having a light emitting element in a light receiving element that are separated by a light shielding body that prevents unwanted light from entering the light receiving element. In variations of the invention, the light shielding body may be integrally formed with a mold resin portion that holds the light emitting element and light receiving element, formed by a sheet or plate, or formed using an opaque liquid resin that is poured between transparent resin bodies that encapsulate the light emitter and receiver. In operation, light radiated from the light emitting element is reflected by a code wheel and then received by a light receiving element. Other variations include varying the height at which the light receiving and detecting elements are disposed relative to the code wheel and tilting these elements towards each other so as to increase light efficiency.

Abstract: Frozen products requiring cold insulation are housed inside of the cold-insulating container structured of a vacuum heat-insulating material, and the cold-insulating containers are loaded in a refrigerator vehicle, cold-insulating vehicle, or room-temperature vehicle other than a freezer vehicle for delivery. Each of the peripheral walls, lids, and bottom faces of this container is made of a sheet material enveloping the vacuum heat-insulating material therein. In each of the peripheral walls adjacent to the peripheral walls connected to the lids, the vacuum heat-insulating material is divided along folding line so as to be foldable.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cooling apparatus for hot rolled steel strip comprising: top surface cooling means provided above a hot rolled steel strip transferred with transfer rollers after hot rolling to cool the top surface of the hot rolled steel strip; and bottom surface cooling means provided below the hot rolled steel strip to cool the bottom surface of the hot rolled steel strip, each of the top surface cooling means and the bottom surface cooling means comprising: a protective member disposed close to the surface of the hot rolled steel strip, having at least one cooling water passage hole; at least one cooling water header opposing the hot rolled steel strip separated.

Abstract: In an embodiment of a reflective encoder, the reflective encoder is provided with a light emitting portion having a light emitting element capable of irradiating light and a light emitting side transparent resin body for covering and protecting the light emitting element, a light detecting portion having a light receiving element for detecting light that is irradiated from the light emitting element and that is reflected by a reflecting region of a code wheel, and a light receiving side transparent resin body for covering and protecting the light receiving element, and a light shielding body arranged between the light emitting side transparent resin body and the light receiving side transparent resin body for separating the light emitting portion and the light detecting portion.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for anodizing a component. The component is placed in a container having first and second seal members that seal an annular surface of the component to be anodized. The first and second seal members, the annular surface of the component, and an inner surface of the container form a reaction chamber that holds a reaction medium therein. The reaction medium is supplied to the reaction chamber through a supply passage formed in the container. The reaction medium is drained from the reaction chamber through a drain passage formed in the container.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for anodizing a component. The component is placed in a container having a supply port, a drain port and a supply passage. The supply passage faced on a surface of the component to be anodized. A reaction medium is supplied from the supply port to the drain port. An electric current is supplied from an electrode provided on the drain port side of the surface. The apparatus prevents any hydrogen gas created by the electrode from recirculating to the surface of the component.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for anodizing a component. The component is placed in a container having first and second seal members that seal an annular surface of the component to be anodized. The first and second seal members, the annular surface of the component, and an inner surface of the container form a reaction chamber that holds a reaction medium therein. The reaction medium is supplied to the reaction chamber through a supply passage formed in the container. The reaction medium is drained from the reaction chamber through a drain passage formed in the container.

Abstract: An insulation box unit and a refrigerator of the present invention employs i) rigid urethane foam with a 8.0 MPa-or-greater bending modulus, and a 60 kg/m3-or-lower density, and ii) a vacuum insulation material. The proper bending modulus provides the insulation box unit with a substantial strength, even in the case that the coverage of the vacuum insulation material with respect to the surface of the outer box exceeds 40%. The proper density prevents the insulation box unit from poor insulation efficiency due to undesired solid thermal conductivity. Despite of an extended use of the vacuum insulation material, the insulation box unit offers an excellent insulation efficiency and therefore accelerates energy saving. According to the recycling method of the present invention, rigid urethane foam formed of tolylene di-isocyanate composition, which was separated from refrigerator wastes, is recycled as a material of rigid urethane foam.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for anodizing a component. The component is placed in a container having a supply port, a drain port and a supply passage. The supply passage faced on a surface of the component to be anodized. A reaction medium is supplied from the supply port to the drain port. An electric current is supplied from an electrode provided on the drain port side of the surface. The apparatus prevents any hydrogen gas created by the electrode from recirculating to the surface of the component.

Abstract: A piston of an internal combustion engine comprises a crown portion constructed of an aluminum alloy. The crown portion has a bowl in a top surface thereof. The bowl serves as a combustion chamber. Boss portions are projected downward from the crown portion. The boss portions have aligned piston pin holes respectively which have a common axis. A generally annular reinforced zone is provided on the top surface of the crown and extends around a peripheral edge of the bowl. The mechanical strength of the reinforced zone gradually lowers as the distance from the common axis increases.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for anodizing a component. The component is placed in a container having first and second seal members that seal an annular surface of the component to be anodized. The first and second seal members, the annular surface of the component, and an inner surface of the container form a reaction chamber that holds a reaction medium therein. The reaction medium is supplied to the reaction chamber through a supply passage formed in the container. The reaction medium is drained from the reaction chamber through a drain passage formed in the container.

Abstract: There is disclosed a resin-sealed semiconductor device in which plural terminal portions each integrally having an inner terminal on a surface and an outer terminal on a rear face are arranged two-dimensionally substantially in a plane electrically independent of one another. A die pad is electrically independently disposed in a substantially middle portion in the plane where the terminal portions are arranged two-dimensionally. A semiconductor element is mounted on the die pad. The inner terminals of the terminal portions are electrically connected via wires to terminals of the semiconductor element, and the entirety is sealed with a resin in such a manner that the outer terminals of the terminal portions are partially exposed to the outside. Therefore, an occupancy ratio of the semiconductor element in the semiconductor device is increased. The semiconductor device can be miniaturized. The mounting density onto a circuit substrate can be enhanced.

Abstract: Disclosed are a circuit member, which can cope with an ever-increasing demand for multiple terminals and is advantageous in productivity, cost, and quality, a semiconductor device using the circuit member, a process for producing the circuit member, and a process for producing a semiconductor device using the circuit member. The circuit member for a semiconductor device comprises: a conductive substrate; and a circuit section two-dimensionally formed using a conductive metal by plating on the conductive substrate, a part of the conductive metal constituting the circuit section being provided by plating on one side of the conductive substrate after subjecting the one side of the conductive substrate to surface treatment to create irregularities and to release treatment to impart releasability.

Abstract: There is disclosed a resin-sealed semiconductor device which comprises plural terminal portions integrally having inner terminals on surfaces and outer terminals on back surfaces and being disposed electrically independent of one another in such a manner that inner terminal surfaces are positioned on substantially the same plane; a die pad integrally provided with plural inner terminals on a surface and plural outer terminals on a back surface and being disposed electrically independently in a substantially center portion of the plane in which the plural terminal portions are arranged two-dimensionally; a semiconductor element electrically insulated and mounted on a surface of the die pad; and wires for connecting the inner terminals of the terminal portions and terminals of the semiconductor element. The whole is sealed with a resin in such a manner that the outer terminals of the terminal portions are partially exposed to the outside.