Abstract: Disclosed is a developing apparatus including: a developer bearing member that bears a developer; a developing frame body that rotatably supports the developer bearing member; a one-end side end member that supports one-end side in an axis direction of the developer bearing member of the developing frame body; and another-end side end member that supports the other-end side in the axis direction of the developer bearing member of the developing frame body. Each of the one-end side end member and the other-end side end member is independently movable with respect to the developing frame body.

Abstract: A communication unit receives a message in a network. A first anomaly detector detects an anomalous message by detecting values of a plurality of monitoring items from the message received by the communication unit and determining whether each of the detected values of the plurality of monitoring items is inside a corresponding first reference range and a corresponding second reference range. The second reference range is narrower than the first reference range. The first anomaly detector detects the message as the anomalous message, when any of the detected values is outside the first reference range, and detects the message as the anomalous message, when any of the detected values is inside the first reference range and is outside the second reference range and when a predetermined rule is satisfied.

Abstract: An information processing device is provided. A first communication unit transmits and receives communication data through a network. The network is connected to a first gateway, a second gateway, and at least one electronic control unit. A monitoring unit determines whether the communication data is normal. A notification unit transmits, at least to the second gateway, a notification that brings the network to a state in which one of a transfer function of the first gateway and a transfer function of the second gateway is active and the other one of the transfer functions is inactive, when the monitoring unit determines that the communication data is not normal.

Abstract: An unauthorized activity detection method is provided in an onboard network system having multiple electronic units (ECU) that perform communication via a bus, such that an occurrence of an unauthorized state can be detected by monitoring frames transmitted over the bus. The unauthorized activity detection method determines, by a monitoring electronic control unit using unauthorized activity detection rule information indicating a first condition, whether or not a set of frames received from the bus satisfies the first condition. The first condition being a condition regarding a relation in content between a first frame having a first identifier and a second frame having a second identifier that differs from the first identifier. And the method further detects the occurrence of the unauthorized state in a case where the first condition is not satisfied.

Abstract: Disclosed is a developing cartridge in which a developer bearing member moves when a pressed part is pressed by a press member provided in a main body of an apparatus to move a developing frame in a state in which the developing cartridge is attached to the main body of the apparatus. The pressed part is provided with a positioning part that contacts and positions the press member. The press member is urged toward the positioning part by an urging member. The developing frame has a guiding part that moves the press member against an urging force of the urging member when the developing cartridge is attached to the main body of the apparatus.

Abstract: A main body (100A) includes a second movable member (110A) that is movable and that has a first recess portion (123). The second movable member (110A) is moved from a first position where a first projecting portion (80a) of a first cartridge (70a) can enter a first recess portion (123) to a second position by a movement of the first projecting portion (80a), thereby allowing a second cartridge (70A) to be moved to an attachment position of the main body (100A). The second movable member (110A) also allows a third projecting portion (80A) of a second cartridge (70A) to enter the first recess portion (123) at the first position. The second movable member (110A) is moved to the second position when the third projecting portion (81A) enters the first recess portion (124), thereby allowing the second cartridge (70A) to be moved to the attachment position.

Abstract: A second unit includes a restricted portion that comes into contact with a restricting portion provided to a body of an apparatus, the restricted portion coming into contact with the restricting portion, in order to restrict the movement of a developer carrier in a direction to make contact with an image carrier, when a developing cartridge has not reached a predetermined attachment position, and not coming into contact with the restricting portion when the developing cartridge is in the predetermined attachment position.

Abstract: A monitoring apparatus includes a storage unit, a reception unit, a collation information generation unit, and a response unit. The storage unit stores a criterion for determining normality of a frame transmitted from a first electronic device. The reception unit receives the frame from a bus network. The collation information generation unit generates, when the reception unit receives a frame of a first identifier (ID) transmitted from the first electronic device, collation information which is information for collation with the criterion stored in the storage unit, based on the frame. The response unit transmits, when the reception unit receives a frame of a second ID transmitted from the second electronic device, information which is based on the criterion stored in the storage unit and the collation information generated by the collation information generation unit and which enables a check whether the first electronic device is valid, to the second electronic device.

Abstract: A communication system includes a first electronic device, and a second electronic device that monitors a state of the first electronic device. The first electronic device includes a transmitter that transmits a first frame including a first verification value forming a Hash chain to a bus network. The second electronic device includes a storage unit that stores the first verification value included in the first frame received from the bus network. The transmitter transmits, after transmission of the first frame, a second frame including a second verification value forming the Hash chain to the bus network. The second electronic device further includes a determination unit that determines that the state of the first electronic device is normal when the second verification value included in the second frame received from the bus network and the first verification value stored in the storage unit construct the Hash chain.

Abstract: A security apparatus is provided that is connected to a bus. The security apparatus includes a receiver that receives a first frame from the bus, a memory that stores an examination parameter defining a content of an examination on the first frame, and processing circuitry that performs operations. The performed operations include first determining whether a predetermined condition is satisfied for the first frame. The performed operations also include, in a case where the first determining determined that the predetermined condition is satisfied, updating the examination parameter stored in the memory. The performed operations further include second determining whether the first frame is an attack frame based on the updated examination parameter stored in the memory.

Abstract: A process cartridge including a photosensitive drum; a developing roller; a rotatable roller having a rotation shaft in a position deviated from an axis of the developing roller; an Oldham coupling member at an end portion of the shaft of the rotatable roller; an urging member for urging the drive receiving portion; a supporting portion supporting the drive receiving portion; an abutting portion receiving the supporting portion urged by the urging member, an elastic sheet positioned to contact at least part of the Oldham coupling member, wherein the abutting portion is positioned outside an outer periphery of the drum on a plane perpendicular to the shaft of the rotatable roller.

Abstract: A main body includes a second movable member that is movable and that has a first recess portion. The second movable member is moved from a first position where a first projecting portion of a first cartridge can enter the first recess portion to a second position by a movement of the first projecting portion, thereby allowing a second cartridge to be moved to an attachment position of the main body. The second movable member also allows a third projecting portion of the second cartridge to enter the first recess portion at the first position. The second movable member is moved to the second position when the third projecting portion enters the first recess portion, thereby allowing the second cartridge to be moved to the attachment position.

Abstract: A process cartridge including a photosensitive drum; a developing roller; a rotatable roller having a rotation shaft in a position deviated from an axis of the developing roller; an Oldham coupling member at an end portion of the shaft of the rotatable roller; an urging member for urging the drive receiving portion; a supporting portion supporting the drive receiving portion; an abutting portion receiving the supporting portion urged by the urging member, an elastic sheet positioned to contact at least part of the Oldham coupling member, wherein the abutting portion is positioned outside an outer periphery of the drum on a plane perpendicular to the shaft of the rotatable roller.

Abstract: A gateway serving as a security apparatus connected to one or a plurality of buses includes a receiver that receives a frame from a bus, a parameter storage that stores an examination parameter defining a content of an examination of the frame, an updater configured to, in a case where a predetermined condition is satisfied for the frame received by the receiver, update the examination parameter stored in the parameter storage, and an examiner that performs an examination, based on the examination parameter stored in the parameter storage, in terms of judgment of whether or not the frame received by the receiver is an attack frame.

Abstract: A communication device includes: a communication section that transmits and receives a message in a network; an acquisition unit that acquires state information on a state of an object for which the network is provided; an estimation unit that estimates the state of the object based on the state information acquired in the acquisition unit; a setting unit that sets a filtering rule based on the state estimated in the estimation unit; and a filter unit that executes filtering processing for the message in accordance with the filtering rule set in the setting unit.

Abstract: A process cartridge includes: a photosensitive drum; a rotatable developing roller for developing an electrostatic latent image formed on the photosensitive drum; a rotatable roller having a rotation shaft in a position deviated from an axis of the developing roller, for transmitting a driving force to the developing roller; a coupling member disposed at an end portion of the shaft of the developing roller; a driving force receiving portion, provided on the coupling member and movable in a direction crossing the shaft of the rotatable roller, for receiving a driving force to be transmitted to the developing roller; an urging member for urging the drive receiving portion in the direction crossing the shaft of the rotatable roller; a supporting portion for rotatably supporting the drive receiving portion so as to be movable together with the drive receiving portion toward the rotatable roller in the direction crossing the shaft of the rotatable roller; and an abutting portion for receiving the supporting portio

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a first pressing member configured to press a unit that has a second rotating member that can come into contact with a first rotating member, and a supporting member rotatably supporting the second rotating member. The first pressing member moves the supporting member so that the second rotating member moves from the contact position to the separated position. Also provided is a second pressing member that presses the supporting member. The second pressing member is capable of moving between a mounting/detaching restriction position where mounting/detaching of the cartridge to/from the apparatus main body is restricted, and a mounting/detaching allowing position where mounting/detaching of the cartridge to/from the apparatus main body is allowed.

Abstract: An erroneous insertion preventing system includes a first cartridge including a first frame provided with a first engaging portion and a first discrimination portion, a second cartridge including a second frame provided with a second discrimination portion, and a main assembly of an image forming apparatus. The main assembly includes a movable member provided with a portion-to-be-engaged engageable with the first engaging portion and a regulating portion having a configuration corresponding to the first discrimination portion. The first cartridge is mounted in the main assembly without movement of the first discrimination portion being limited by the regulating portion. In a case that the second cartridge is attempted to be inserted into the main assembly, by insertion of the second cartridge into the main assembly, the regulating portion and the second discrimination portion interfere with each other to prevent mounting of the second cartridge in the main assembly.

Abstract: A developing device includes a developing unit including a developer bearing member and a developing frame member configured to support the developer bearing member. The developing unit is supported to be pivotable about a first shaft and a second shaft. A biasing member configured to bias the first shaft is provided.

Abstract: Disclosed is a developing cartridge in which a developer bearing member moves when a pressed part is pressed by a press member provided in a main body of an apparatus to move a developing frame in a state in which the developing cartridge is attached to the main body of the apparatus. The pressed part is provided with a positioning part that contacts and positions the press member. The press member is urged toward the positioning part by an urging member. The developing frame has a guiding part that moves the press member against an urging force of the urging member when the developing cartridge is attached to the main body of the apparatus.