Abstract: An electronic control apparatus configured to control electric power steering and provided integrally with an electric motor is electrically connected to an ignition switch and which assists a rotation operation of a steering column by rotation of the electric motor. A first magnetism detecting element configured to operate using power supplied via the ignition switch to output a first set of rotation angle signals of the electric motor. A second magnetism detecting element configured to operate continuously using continuously supplied power to output a second set of rotation angle signals of the electric motor. A controller configured or programmed to generate rotation angle information about the electric motor based on the first set of rotation angle signals and the second set of rotation angle signals outputted while the ignition switch is stopped and to calculate a position of a steering wheel from the generated rotation angle information.

Abstract: An electronic control apparatus configured to control electric power steering and provided integrally with an electric motor is electrically connected to an ignition switch and which assists a rotation operation of a steering column by rotation of the electric motor. A first magnetism detecting element configured to operate using power supplied via the ignition switch to output a first set of rotation angle signals of the electric motor. A second magnetism detecting element configured to operate continuously using continuously supplied power to output a second set of rotation angle signals of the electric motor. A controller configured or programmed to generate rotation angle information about the electric motor based on the first set of rotation angle signals and the second set of rotation angle signals outputted while the ignition switch is stopped and to calculate a position of a steering wheel from the generated rotation angle information.

Abstract: A platen for a thermal transfer printer includes a support and a platen body mounted on the support and made of an elastic material. The platen body has a first layer located on a thermal printer head side and having a high hardness and a second layer having a hardness lower than that of the first layer. The hardness of the first layer is a JIS A hardness of 60 to 100. The front layer is treated such that a surface roughness of the first layer is not more than 30 .mu.m and a friction coefficient of a surface thereof is small.

Abstract: A thermal transfer printer includes a head holding member for holding a printing head and for applying an urging force for urging the printing head against a platen and separating the printing head from the platen. An elastic member biases the head holding member to urge the printing head against the platen. A regulating member regulates displacement of the elastic member to change the urging force of the printing head against the platen. A driving unit drives the regulating member. A detecting unit detects either one or both of the type of ink ribbon or the surface roughness of recording paper. A control unit controls the driving unit in accordance with the result of the detecting unit. The urging force of the printing head is thus changed in accordance with either one or both of the type of ink ribbon or the surface roughness of the recording paper.

Abstract: A thermal transfer printer capable of variably setting a printing density and a printing speed, includes a test printing mechanism for performing test printing by changing combinations of the printing density and the printing speed. The test printing mechanism includes a memory for storing a plurality of combinations of the printing density and the printing speed, and a CPU for controlling a rotational speed of a carriage motor and an application voltage of a printing head on the basis of the plurality of combinations stored in the memory.

Abstract: A platen for a thermal transfer printer includes a support and a platen body mounted on the support and made of an elastic material. The platen body has a first layer located on a thermal printer head side and having a high hardness and a second layer having a hardness lower than that of the first layer. The hardness of the first layer is a JIS a hardness of 60 to 100. The front layer is treated such that a surface roughness of the first layer is not more than 30 .mu.m and a friction coefficient of a surface thereof is small.

Abstract: A process for forming a printing plate use a specific electrophotographic material for obtaining a toner image which comprises a support and a layer for obtaining an electrostatic latent image coated thereon, said layer being composed mainly of a phenol resin containing a phthalocyanine pigment and having a specific repeating unit.

Abstract: Disclosed is a multilayered electrophotographic recording material comprising a charge transfer layer and a charge generating layer on a substrate. The layers are comprised of essentially amorphous silicon. At least 1 atomic percent of nitrogen is present in the charge transfer layer.

Abstract: A photoreceptor comprising a photoconductive layer composed of hydrogenated and/or fluorinated amorphous silicon, a surface modifying layer formed on the above photoconductive layer and composed of hydrogenated and/or fluorinated amorphous silicon carbide and a charge transport layer formed below the above photoconductive layer and composed of hydrogenated and/or fluorinated amorphous silicon carbide wherein the thickness "t" of the above surface modifying layer is selected in a range 400 .ANG..ltoreq.t<2,000 .ANG..

Abstract: Disclosed is a photosensitive member, or an electrophotographic photosensitive member, characterised by having a photoconductive layer comprising at least one of an amorphous hydrogenated and/or fluorinated silicon germanium and an amorphous hydrogenated and/or fluorinated silicon germanium carbide, a first amorphous hydrogenated and/or fluorinated silicon carbide layer formed on the photoconductive layer and a second amorphous hydrogenated and/or fluorinated silicon carbide layer formed beneath said photoconductive layer.

Abstract: A photosensitive composition useful for making a photosensitive lithographic printing plate are made from a condensation product of sulfonylchloride of o-benzoquinone diazide or o-naphthoquinone diazide and a polyhydric phenol resin obtained by condensing a polyhydric phenol such as resorcinol with a benzaldehyde, an acetophenone, or a benzophenone.

Abstract: A photosensitive composition useful for making a photosensitive lithographic printing plate are made from a condensation product of sulfonyl chloride of o-benzoquinone diazide or o-naphthoquinone diazide and a polyhydric phenol resin obtained by condensing a polyhydric phenol such as 2-methyl resorcinol with an aldehyde or ketone.

Abstract: The method for forming an electrostatic image according to the present invention comprises the steps of charging an electrophotographic photoreceptor, which is subjected to dark decay after the charging step, and effecting an exposure by activation light and an imagewise exposure on the electrophotographic photoreceptor. The exposure by activation light is effected prior to the imagewise exposure and in a step including at least a portion of the charging step or dark decay. This causes a remarkable sensitization effect in the electrophotographic photoreceptor, suitably adapted for use in an electrophotographic copying machine of a repeated transfer type.