Abstract: The objective of the present invention is to provide a control device for an engine that enables precise control of the equivalence ratio. The system from the fuel injection amount to the output from a LAF sensor is modeled as an injection amount-sensor output model by means of a model equation containing model parameters and a lag coefficient. The system from the equivalence ratio to the LAF sensor output is modeled as a port equivalence ratio-sensor output model by means of a model equation containing the lag coefficient. The control device is equipped with: a feedback-use identifier that successively identifies values for the model parameters; a LAF lag compensation-use identifier that successively identifies values for the lag coefficient; and a stoichiometric driving mode controller that determines the value of a fuel injection amount.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of efficiently producing an optically active 6-(3-aminopiperidin-1-yl)-2,4-dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine derivative. The optically active piperidine-3-carboxamide or a derivative thereof, which is obtained by subjecting 1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyridine-3-carboxamide or a derivative thereof to an asymmetric reduction in the presence of a catalyst, is used as an intermediate.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of efficiently producing an optically active 6-(3-aminopiperidin-1-yl)-2,4-dioxo -1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine derivative. The optically active piperidine-3-carboxamide or a derivative thereof, which is obtained by subjecting 1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyridine -3-carboxamide or a derivative thereof to an asymmetric reduction in the presence of a catalyst, is used as an intermediate.

Abstract: The objective of the present invention is to provide an exhaust purification system that is capable of purifying exhaust gas during both lean and stoichiometric driving. The exhaust purification system is equipped with: a feedback-use identifier, which identifies parameter values such that the error between the output value from a LAF sensor and the estimated value for the LAF sensor output as obtained from a model equation is minimized; and a stoichiometric driving mode controller. The controller performs feedback control and thereby determines the fuel injection amount such that in the stoichiometric driving mode the equivalence ratio value as calculated from the parameters reaches a target value which is set such that a three-way purification reaction occurs in an under-engine catalyst. The identifier identifies the model parameters before feedback control is initiated by the controller.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of efficiently producing an optically active 6-(3-aminopiperidin-1-yl)-2,4-dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine derivative. The optically active piperidine-3-carboxamide or a derivative thereof, which is obtained by subjecting 1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyridine-3-carboxamide or a derivative thereof to an asymmetric reduction in the presence of a catalyst, is used as an intermediate.

Abstract: [Problem] Provision of a superior rhodium catalyst and a production method of amine compound.

Abstract: A process cartridge includes an image holding body assembly that includes an image holding body, a developing assembly that includes a developer holding body, an urging member, a contacting and separating mechanism, and a gap forming mechanism. The image holding body assembly is inserted into and pulled from an assembly receiving portion. The urging member urges the developing assembly so that the developer holding body is pressed against the image holding body. The contacting and separating mechanism is disposed on the front side and operated to separate the image holding body assembly and the developing assembly from each other against an urging force. The gap forming mechanism forms a gap between the image holding body and the developer holding body on the rear side against the urging force. The size of the gap is larger than that existing before the image holding body assembly is pulled.

Abstract: A process cartridge includes an image holding body assembly that includes an image holding body, a developing assembly that includes a developer holding body, an urging member, a contacting and separating mechanism, and a gap forming mechanism. The image holding body assembly is inserted into and pulled from an assembly receiving portion. The urging member urges the developing assembly so that the developer holding body is pressed against the image holding body. The contacting and separating mechanism is disposed on the front side and operated to separate the image holding body assembly and the developing assembly from each other against an urging force. The gap forming mechanism forms a gap between the image holding body and the developer holding body on the rear side against the urging force. The size of the gap is larger than that existing before the image holding body assembly is pulled.

Abstract: The objective of the present invention is to provide a control device for an engine that enables precise control of the equivalence ratio. The system from the fuel injection amount to the output from a LAF sensor is modeled as an injection amount-sensor output model by means of a model equation containing model parameters and a lag coefficient. The system from the equivalence ratio to the LAF sensor output is modeled as a port equivalence ratio-sensor output model by means of a model equation containing the lag coefficient. The control device is equipped with: a feedback-use identifier that successively identifies values for the model parameters; a LAF lag compensation-use identifier that successively identifies values for the lag coefficient; and a stoichiometric driving mode controller that determines the value of a fuel injection amount.

Abstract: The objective of the present invention is to provide an exhaust purification system that is capable of purifying exhaust gas during both lean and stoichiometric driving. The exhaust purification system is equipped with: a feedback-use identifier, which identifies parameter values such that the error between the output value from a LAF sensor and the estimated value for the LAF sensor output as obtained from a model equation is minimized; and a stoichiometric driving mode controller. The controller performs feedback control and thereby determines the fuel injection amount such that in the stoichiometric driving mode the equivalence ratio value as calculated from the parameters reaches a target value which is set such that a three-way purification reaction occurs in an under-engine catalyst. The identifier identifies the model parameters before feedback control is initiated by the controller.

Abstract: A transfer assembly includes a support member having a side wall that extends in such a direction as to intersect a line extending from the rotation axis of a transfer roller and that has a hole through which a support shaft is inserted with some play being present. The hole has such a shape that, at the beginning of a period when a door is rotated from an open state to a closed state and a positioned portion is in contact with a positioning member, gaps are formed between the support shaft and a wall surface of the hole on both sides of the support shaft in a radial direction crossing an arc that is drawn from a center of the arc at the center line of rotation of the door and that passes through the support shaft.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel ligand represented by the following formula and a novel transition metal complex having the ligand, which shows superior enantioselectivity and catalytic efficiency, particularly high catalyst activity, in various asymmetric synthesis reactions. A transition metal complex having, as a ligand, a compound represented by the formula wherein R4 is a hydrogen atom or a C1-6 alkyl group optionally having substituent(s), and R5 and R6 are each a C1-6 alkyl group optionally having substituent(s), or the formula is a group represented by the formula wherein ring B is a 3- to 8-membered ring optionally having substituent(s).

Abstract: [Problem] Provision of a superior rhodium catalyst and a production method of amine compound.

Abstract: Database management includes processing a database object in accordance with a processing request, determining a mode of processing from the processing request, and, responsive to determining that the mode of processing satisfies an application condition, changing content of the processing in accordance with a rule associated with the application condition using a processor.

Abstract: A two-rear-wheel electric vehicle configured to lean its vehicle body frame when turning includes a vehicle body frame, a pair of right and left rear arms, a battery, and a shock absorber. The vehicle body frame includes a head pipe, a front inclined portion, a bottom portion, and a rear inclined portion. The front inclined portion extends obliquely downward and rearward from the head pipe. The bottom portion includes a front support portion that supports a front end portion of the shock absorber. The bottom portion extends rearward in a front-back direction of the vehicle from a rear end portion of the front inclined portion. The rear inclined portion includes a battery support portion, and extends obliquely upward and rearward from a rear end portion of the bottom portion. A swing shaft is positioned rearward of the front support portion and below the battery support portion.

Abstract: A developer collecting device includes a housing in which an opening disposed opposite to a developer holding member is formed, a collection member that is disposed to be capable of coming in contact with and being separated from the developer holding member and that detaches the developer and collects the detached developer in the housing, a sealing member that is disposed to be capable of coming in contact with and being separated from the developer holding member and that seals up a gap between the developer holding member and the housing, a suction passage to which a suction unit suctioning the developer into the housing is connected, a developer transport unit that transports the developer to one end of the housing, and a filtration member that is tilted so that at least an upper part thereof overlaps with the upside of the developer transport unit in a plan view.

Abstract: A two-rear-wheel electric vehicle configured to lean its vehicle body frame when turning includes a vehicle body frame, a pair of right and left rear arms, a battery, and a shock absorber. The vehicle body frame includes a head pipe, a front inclined portion, a bottom portion, and a rear inclined portion. The front inclined portion extends obliquely downward and rearward from the head pipe. The bottom portion includes a front support portion that supports a front end portion of the shock absorber. The bottom portion extends rearward in a front-back direction of the vehicle from a rear end portion of the front inclined portion. The rear inclined portion includes a battery support portion, and extends obliquely upward and rearward from a rear end portion of the bottom portion. A swing shaft is positioned rearward of the front support portion and below the battery support portion.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a body frame, a transport unit, an image carrier, a transfer device, a fixing device, a guide member assembly, a door, and a positioning member. The guide member assembly includes a guide member, a positioned portion, and a support member. The support member supports the guide member and has a side wall that extends in such a direction as to intersect a line drawn in the width direction and that has a hole through which a support shaft is inserted with some play being present. The guide member assembly is supported by the door with some play being present between the guide member assembly and a base plate and is urged by an urging member. The hole is a long hole having a major axis extending in an opening direction of the door away from a center line of rotation of the door.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel ligand represented by the following formula and a novel transition metal complex having the ligand, which shows superior enantioselectivity and catalytic efficiency, particularly high catalyst activity, in various asymmetric synthesis reactions. A transition metal complex having, as a ligand, a compound represented by the formula wherein R4 is a hydrogen atom or a C1-6 alkyl group optionally having substituent(s), and R5 and R6 are each a C1-6 alkyl group optionally having substituent(s), or the formula is a group represented by the formula wherein ring B is a 3- to 8-membered ring optionally having substituent(s).

Abstract: A developer collecting device includes a housing provided with an opening opposed to a developer carrying member, a collecting member provided along an edge of the opening at a downstream end of the opening in a transporting direction in which the developer carrying member transports the developer, a sealing member provided along an edge of the opening at an upstream end of the opening in the transporting direction, a suction path that extends along a longitudinal direction of the housing and that is connected to a suction unit for sucking the developer into the housing, a developer transporting unit that is provided between the opening and the suction path and that transports the developer collected in the housing, a filter member disposed between the developer transporting unit and the suction path, and a hood member disposed between the opening and the filter member and separated from the filter member.