Abstract: After treated in a solution containing ozone, a plating material is brought into contact with a solution containing at least one of an anionic surface active agent and a nonionic surface active agent, and an alkaline component. Ozone acts to locally break unsaturated bonds on a surface of the plating material to form C—OH bonds or C?O bonds, thereby activating the surface of the plating material, and since a surface active agent 1 is adsorbed thereon, a catalyst 2 is adsorbed on hydrophilic groups of the surface active agent 1 which has been adsorbed on the above-described functional groups. Consequently, no etching treatment is required, and an electroless plated coating having excellent adhesion can be formed without roughening the surface of the resin material.

Abstract: A proton conducting polymer is formed by the copolymerization of a plurality of compounds, including a silicon compound comprising an organic chain, and a compound including at least one acid group. The polymer comprises a hybrid organic-inorganic matrix having acid groups linked through a linking group. The linking group may include one or more electron withdrawing groups. The electron withdrawing group may be a halogen.

Abstract: A proton conducting polymer is formed by the copolymerization of a plurality of compounds, including a silicon compound comprising an organic chain, and a compound including at least one acid group. The polymer comprises a hybrid organic-inorganic matrix having acid groups linked through a linking group. The linking group may include one or more electron withdrawing groups. The electron withdrawing group may be a halogen.

Abstract: After treated in a solution containing ozone, a plating material is brought into contact with a solution containing at least one of an anionic surface active agent and a nonionic surface active agent, and an alkaline component. Ozone acts to locally break unsaturated bonds on a surface of the plating material to form C—OH bonds or C═O bonds, thereby activating the surface of the plating material, and since a surface active agent 1 is adsorbed thereon, a catalyst 2 is adsorbed on hydrophilic groups of the surface active agent 1 which has been adsorbed on the above-described functional groups. Consequently, no etching treatment is required, and an electroless plated coating having excellent adhesion can be formed without roughening the surface of the resin material.

Abstract: A friction material exhibiting a great coefficient of friction, as compared to that of the conventional friction material, which is produced with the use of an organic paper-like substrate. The friction material is composed of the paper-like substrate of a fibrous material, and an inorganic binder with which said substrate is impregnated. When friction is produced, the inorganic binder exhibits friction characteristics so that a great coefficient of friction can be effected, as compared to the cases organic binders such as phenol resin are used.

Abstract: An improved method of preparing embossed metallic flakelets for a hologram pigment improves productivity through a simpler process. A metallic foil 12 is first pressed between a cooperative pair of dies 10 having mutually complementary embossed patterns to thereby transfer to the surfaces of the metallic foil 12 the embossed pattern of the dies 10. Finally, the pulverized metallic flakelets are mixed with predetermined other ingredients to make a hologram pigment.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for evaluating a liquid repellent film on parts subjected to liquid repellent treatment, particularly to a method for evaluating the quality of a liquid repellent film comprising a substance absorbing or emitting electromagnetic waves, wherein the transmittance or reflectance ratio of electromagnetic waves, or fluorescence intensity is measured, and the characteristics of the liquid repellent film is evaluated from the graph of the relationship between a film thickness and a contact angle with a liquid having been determined in advance.

Abstract: Disclosed are water repellent glass having an improved durability and an optimum process for producing the same. The water repellent glass includes a glass substrate, and a water repellent film coated integrally on the glass substrate and including ceramics. The ceramics includes SiO.sub.2 at least, and part of nonmetallic atoms of the ceramics are substituted with a fluoroalkyl group. Hence, the water repellent film is cross-linked with the glass substrate mainly by the siloxane bonds. Consequently, the water repellent film is excellent in terms of the adhesion to the glass substrate, it is less likely to be adversely affected by the alkali components of the glass substrate, and it is less likely to come off. As a result, the water repellent glass comes to have an improved durability.

Abstract: Carbon film coated glass is disclosed which includes a glass substrate, an intermediate layer formed on a surface of the glass substrate in a thickness of 50 angstroms or more and including metallic oxide in an amount of 5% or more by mole and balance of carbon at least, and a carbon film formed on a surface of the intermediate layer in a thickness of 10 angstroms or more. The intermediate layer closely binds the glass substrate and the carbon film together, and thereby it inhibits the carbon film from coming off. The carbon film coated glass is thus improved in the durability. Additionally, the carbon film can include fluorine which is combined with its surface at least, and thereby it improves the repellency of the carbon film coated glass as well as the transparency thereof.