Abstract: A one-way clutch includes inner and outer races which define circumferentially arranged wedge-shaped spaces, and clutch-actuating rollers received in the respective wedge-shaped spaces. Load-bearing rollers are provided between the circumferentially adjacent clutch-actuating rollers. The biasing force applied to one of the clutch-actuating rollers from an elastic member is transmitted to the circumferentially adjacent clutch-actuating roller through the load-bearing roller disposed therebetween. The biasing force biases the respective clutch-actuating rollers toward the narrow ends of the respective wedge-shaped spaces, and biases the load-bearing rollers against a cylindrical surface of the outer race having its center located on the axis of the outer race. Because the biasing force is not transmitted through a retainer, no high dimensional accuracy is required for the retainer. Thus, the one-way clutch can be easily manufactured and assembled. Still, it shows high locking capacity.

Abstract: A digital broadcast receiving apparatus has two systems as a receiving system: a first receiving demodulation section including a first tuner 2 and the like; and a second receiving demodulation section including a second tuner 5 and the like. A controller 19 establishes either a first receiving mode or second receiving mode. In the first receiving mode, both the receiving systems receive the broadcasting waves of the same station to be viewed according to the signals from a vehicle speed detecting section 15 and receiving level detecting sections 16 and 17. In the second receiving mode, one of the two receiving systems receives the broadcasting wave of the station to be viewed, and the other of them receives the broadcasting wave of another station.

Abstract: A navigation apparatus includes an unregistered road detecting means for setting up a detection start point and a detection end point for an unregistered road on registered roads which are respectively located before and behind sections in which matching result data indicates a free state, respectively, the matching result data indicating a matching state when the vehicle is traveling each of the registered roads, for performing a coordinate transformation on a traveling path which is created from positioning data and which is extending between the two points so that the traveling path has coordinates which match with the coordinates of a registered road between them, and for detecting the coordinates of the unregistered road from a portion of the coordinate-transformed traveling path which does not overlap any registered road, and a road data generating means for creating road data about the unregistered road from the coordinates of the unregistered road.

Abstract: A receiving apparatus 10 receives a broadcasting wave to which service information indicating at least a channel number, a transmission broadcasting station name, and a broadcast target area are added. A control CPU 20 controls a tuner 11 so as to determine whether the broadcasting wave can be received in a predetermined region while changing the channel number, extracts the service information added to the broadcasting wave which is determined to be able to be received thereby, and registers the service information, as preset information, into one preset group in a memory 19. The control CPU then controls the tuner according to the preset information registered into the preset group so as to select the broadcasting wave.

Abstract: A pulse modulated signal (ei) output from a pulse modulator (1) and a feedback signal (ef) containing distortion caused by a power switch (3) are integrated in a first integrator (21) and a second integrator (24), respectively, and are input to input terminals of a comparator (25 or 29), respectively, so that a correction signal (Vc) is generated.

Abstract: A noise removal unit mounted on a car radio according to the invention removes multipath noise and pulse noise from FM demodulated signals. At this time, the noise removal unit removes all of the multipath noise. Also, in case where the generation density of noise is high, the noise removal unit reduces the detection sensitivity so as not to detect pulse noise, particularly of small level, as noise. Comparing to multipath noise, pulse noise is noise rendering a large correction error than multipath noise. Therefore, in case where the generation density of pulse noise is high, by adapting the unit not to remove pulse noise of small level, it is made possible to reduce distortion of the FM demodulated signals to a minimum. Accordingly, it is made to reduce deterioration of the quality of FM voices to a minimum.

Abstract: A pulse modulated signal (ei) output from a pulse modulator (1) and a feedback signal (ef) containing distortion caused by a power switch (3) are integrated in a first integrator (21) and a second integrator (24), respectively, and are input to input terminals of a comparator (25 or 29), respectively, so that a correction signal (Vc) is generated.

Abstract: A pulse modulated signal (ei) output from a pulse modulator (1) and a feedback signal (ef) containing distortion caused by a power switch (3) are integrated in a first integrator (21) and a second integrator (24), respectively, and are input to input terminals of a comparator (25 or 29), respectively, so that a correction signal (Vc) is generated.

Abstract: A pulse modulated signal (ei) output from a pulse modulator (1) and a feedback signal (ef) containing distortion caused by a power switch (3) are integrated in a first integrator (21) and a second integrator (24), respectively, and are input to input terminals of a comparator (25 or 29), respectively, so that a correction signal (Vc) is generated.

Abstract: A pulse modulated signal (ei) output from a pulse modulator (1) and a feedback signal (ef) containing distortion caused by a power switch (3) are integrated in a first integrator (21) and a second integrator (24), respectively, and are input to input terminals of a comparator (25 or 29), respectively, so that a correction signal (Vc) is generated.

Abstract: A stereo composite signal including a pilot signal is demodulated by processing input samples to obtain internal samples having variable sampling timings, synchronizing these sampling timings with the pilot signal, and digitally processing the internal samples to obtain stereo audio data. The internal samples may be obtained from the input samples by decimation or interpolation. Since the sampling frequency and sampling timing of the input samples do not have to be precisely controlled, no voltage-controlled oscillator is needed, and the demodulator can easily be incorporated into a monolithic integrated circuit.

Abstract: A multipath noise reducer extracts a high-frequency signal from a demodulated signal obtained from a frequency-modulated signal, and generates a noise reduction coefficient from the extracted high-frequency signal. The demodulated signal is also separated into high-frequency and low-frequency components, the high-frequency component is multiplied by the noise reduction coefficient, and the resulting product is added to the low-frequency component. An output signal is thereby obtained in which the spike noise that characterizes multipath reception of a frequency-modulated signal is reduced with relatively little distortion of other parts of the signal, including the parts between noise spikes. The distortion can be further reduced by replacing the demodulated signal with an interpolated signal during noise spikes before the low-frequency component is separated.

Abstract: An impulse noise reducer detects impulse noise in an audio signal by detecting and smoothing the high-frequency amplitude of the audio signal, attenuating the non-smoothed amplitude according to the smoothed amplitude, and comparing the attenuated amplitude with a threshold. Impulse noise is discriminated from high-frequency audio components because the latter tend to occur in longer-lasting bursts and are therefore attenuated more strongly. The impulse noise reducer is simplified because it does not have to perform intermediate-frequency signal processing, and its sensitivity is not affected by adjacent-channel signals because these signals are substantially absent from the audio signal. The impulse noise reducer can be implemented by digital signal processing, and is suitable for use in a medium-wave AM audio broadcast receiver.

Abstract: A noise reducer generates a gate signal by detecting noise in a demodulated signal, and changes the lengths the gate pulses indicating the presence of noise according to the electric-field strength of a radio signal from which the demodulated signal has been obtained. The demodulated signal is modified during intervals indicated by the gate pulses, to reduce the noise. The amount of change of the gate-pulse lengths is preferably increased as the electric-field strength decreases. Noise can then be removed satisfactorily under even weak electric-field conditions.

Abstract: A plurality of the recessed portions are formed in an array on the opposite surface side of the semiconductor substrate and a second conductive type semiconductor region composed of a second conductive type semiconductor is formed at bottoms of a plurality of the recessed portions to obtain photodiode arrays arranged in an array.

Abstract: A multipath noise reducer detects and removes the individual noise spikes occurring in an interval of multipath noise, thereby reducing the multipath noise with minimal distortion of the audio output signal. The multipath noise spikes are detected by comparing a rectified signal with a threshold signal derived from the rectified signal. When the multipath noise reducer is used in an FM stereo radio receiver, stereo separation may also be controlled according to the detection of multipath noise.

Abstract: A pulse modulated signal (ei) output from a pulse modulator (1) and a feedback signal (ef) containing distortion caused by a power switch (3) are integrated in a first integrator (21) and a second integrator (24), respectively, and are input to input terminals of a comparator (25 or 29), respectively, so that a correction signal (Vc) is generated.

Abstract: An audio signal noise reduction system comprises a noise detecting circuit 11 for detecting a noise from an audio signal and outputting a detection signal indicating a start time and an end time of a noise period of the noise, an LPF 12 for extracting a low frequency component of the audio signal, an HPF 14 for extracting intermediate and high frequency components of the audio signal, a polynomial interpolation circuit 13 for polynomial-interpolating the noise period of the low frequency component being extracted, a mute circuit 15 for muting an output level of the noise period of the intermediate and high frequency components being extracted, and a signal synthesizing circuit 16 for synthesizing the low frequency component whose noise period is polynomial-interpolated and the intermediate and high frequency components the level of whose noise period is suppressed to thus output the audio signal.

Abstract: A multipath noise reducer detects and removes the individual noise spikes occurring in an interval of multipath noise, thereby reducing the multipath noise with relatively little distortion of the output signal. The threshold signal used to detect multipath noise is varied depending on reception conditions. The gate pulses indicating the presence of multipath noise spikes are preferably expanded by variable amounts, depending on both reception conditions and the signal level. Multipath noise spikes are preferably replaced by a smoothed signal. These provisions further reduce perceived distortion of the audio output signal.

Abstract: A digital FM demodulator converts a digital FM input signal to a demodulated signal, detects the amplitude of the digital FM input signal, generates a corresponding amplitude signal, and adjusts the amplitude of the demodulated signal according to the amplitude signal, thereby compensating for variations in the amplitude of the digital FM input signal and removing amplitude distortion from the demodulated signal. This reduces the performance requirements of, for example, a low-pass analog filter preceding the digital FM demodulator in an FM radio broadcast receiver, permitting the analog filter to be implemented in a semiconductor integrated circuit.