Abstract: In order to detect the amount of radiation received by or the temperature of air in the vicinity of each of body parts of an occupant in a vehicle, a radiation information calculating device includes: an acquisition unit that acquires member temperature information that reflects temperatures of members exposed to a cabin of a vehicle; a calculation unit configured to calculate plural radiation information corresponding to each of body parts of an occupant in the cabin based on the member temperature information acquired by the acquisition unit; and an output unit that outputs the plural radiation information calculated by the calculation unit. The radiation information represents an amount of radiation received by a corresponding body part of the occupant.

Abstract: Corrosion-resistant steel for chimney/flue use in natural gas-fired or liquefied petroleum gas-fired plants, containing C: 0.005% to 0.030%, Si: 0.18% to 0.50%, Mn: 1.50% to less than 3.00, P: 0.030% or less, S: 0.0050% or less, Cr: 4.0% to 9.0%, Al: 0.20% to 1.50%, and N: 0.020% or less and able to prevent advanced pitting or other localized corrosion and the resultant hole formation and rust aerial dispersal is provided.

Abstract: A system for controlling power transmission of a four-wheel drive vehicle having main driving wheels of the vehicle powered by an engine. A clutch transmits the power of the engine to auxiliary driving wheels of the vehicle so as to provide forward drive. A transmitter transmits a high frequency wave to a surface of a road in front of the vehicle and a receiver receives the reflected wave. A comparator is provided for comparing the received wave with the transmitted wave. When the difference between the amplitudes of both waves exceeds a reference value, a control circuit engages the clutch for the four-wheel drive.

Abstract: An overdrive system for a four-wheel drive vehicle has an automatic transmission the output of which is transmitted to front wheels and to rear wheels through a drive gear and a driven gear and a hydraulically operated four-wheel drive clutch. The system comprises an overdrive clutch for coupling an oil pump drive shaft of the automatic transmission to the driven gear. When the overdrive clutch is engaged, the rotation of the oil pump drive shaft is transmitted to the front wheels through the clutch and driven gear and drive gear for overdriving the vehicle.

Abstract: A four-wheel driving apparatus with an automatic transmission for a vehicle comprises an output shaft of the automatic transmission, a driving gear secured to a front end portion of the output shaft. A driving pinion shaft operatively connected to the driving gear by a driven gear and a pinion formed on one end of the driving pinion shaft is connected to a front final reduction device for driving front wheels of the vehicle. A rear drive shaft is rotatably supported and rearwardly extends along the outside of the automatic transmission. A driven gear is rotatably mounted on the rear drive shaft and connected to the driving gear through an intermediate gear. A clutch is provided on the rear drive shaft for transmitting the rotation of the driven gear to the rear drive shaft for driving rear wheels of the vehicle.

Abstract: An automatic transmission having a torque converter comprising an impeller connected to the crankshaft of an internal combustion engine and a turbine driven by the impeller by oil, an automatic transmission apparatus comprising a planetary gear device and a fluid operated brake and clutch devices connected to an output shaft of the turbine, an oil pump driven by the impeller through an oil pump drive shaft for producing pressure oil applied to the fluid operated brake and clutch devices, and a final reduction gear device connected to an output shaft of the automatic transmission apparatus. An overdrive device comprising an overdrive clutch and overdrive gears is connected between the oil pump drive shaft and an intermediate shaft. The intermediate shaft is connected between an output shaft of the overdrive gears and the final reduction gear device, and a valve is provided for applying the pressure oil to the overdrive clutch.

Abstract: A transmission apparatus for a motor vehicle having an internal combustion engine transversely disposed in the vehicle, a transmission transversely disposed and connected to the crankshaft of the engine through a clutch, a final reduction gear engaged with an output gear of the transmission, a differential secured to a side of the final reduction gear and disposed at a substantially central position of the vehicle, and an axle connected to the differential. A transfer device is connected to the final reduction gear and disposed adjacent the differential. The transfer device comprises a supporting shaft, a gear engaged with the final reduction gear, a clutch, and a first bevel gear. A second bevel gear is engaged with the first bevel gear, and a centrally located propeller shaft is operatively connected to the second bevel gear for driving another axle for the four-wheel drive.

Abstract: A transmission apparatus for motor vehicle in which the engine is positioned in front side of the front axle, a sub-transmission is provided in the space formed above the front axle, a main transmission is adapted to transmit the output of the sub-transmission to the front wheels and to the rear wheels through means for transmitting the output, and the means for transmitting the output includes a clutch means for selectively connecting the transmission to the rear axle.

Abstract: A transmission apparatus for motor vehicle in which the engine is positioned in front side of the front axle, a sub-transmission is provided in the space formed above the front axle, and a main transmission is adapted to transmit the ouptut of the sub-transmission to the front wheels through means for transmitting the output.

Abstract: A transmission apparatus for four-wheel drive motor vehicle comprising a sub-transmission adapted to transmit power of the engine to a main transmission, means for transmitting the output of the main transmission to the front axle and to the rear axle, clutch device provided in the means for transmitting the output of the main transmission for selectively connecting or disconnecting the transmission of the output to either of the front or rear axle, a shift rod shifting the clutch mechanism in the sub-transmission, an actuating rod slidably provided in parallel with the shift rod, a shift lever connected to the actuating rod, and a shift fork slidably mounted on the actuating rod and engaged with the clutch device.

Abstract: An emission control system for a motor vehicle equipped with an automatic transmission having a band servo system including switching means for detecting the state of the band servo system and two vehicle speed switches respectively susceptible to two different vehicle speeds V.sub.1 and V.sub.2 (V.sub.1 <V.sub.2). The emission control system includes means for enriching the air-fuel ratio of the air-fuel mixture in an intake passage of the engines and exhaust gas recirculating means are so arranged that the air-fuel ratio of the air-fuel mixture is normally set on the rich side and the EGR ratio is made high. Correspondingly in the high driving range with a vehicle speed of lower the V.sub.2 the EGR ratio is made low, and in the high driving range with a vehicle speed of at least V.sub.2 the EGR ratio is made low and the air-fuel ratio is released from being set on the rich side.

Abstract: A transmission includes a planetary gear unit, the carrier of which is connected to an outer race of a one-way brake. A member is constructed of a hub part formed with the inner race of the one-way brake, a cylindrical part splined to a transmission casing and means securing the parts with each other. The cylindrical part is made of the same material as that of the casing.