Abstract: The present invention relates to a Locking/unlocking system of superimposable elements, comprising a first element (2) or upper element, and a second element (3), or lower element, to be locked and unlocked, superimposed each other along a plane (4) of relative motion, and a operating device (1), said system being characterized in that said first element (2) and said second element (3) provide each one the same number of a plurality of housings (210, 310), and reciprocally positioned so as to form pairs of housings (210, 310), each one providing inside centering means (220, 320), said system being further characterized in that it provides a plurality of first magnetic elements (230?) having a first length, a plurality of second magnetic elements (230?) having a second length, lower than the length of said plurality of first magnetic elements (230?), and a plurality of third magnetic elements (230?).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fastening or unfastening system (1, 10) including: an actuating device (2, 20), which has a plurality of actuating elements (22, 220) made of magnetic, magneto-sensitive or magnetically inert material; and a device to unlock or lock (3, 30, 3?), which includes a first element (4, 40, 4?), a second element (5, 50, 5?) and a first plane (7, 70), between said first element (4, 40, 4?) and said second element (5, 50), and a second plane (8, 80=between the second element (5, 50, 5?) and the third element (6, 60, 6?). Said first element (40, 4, 4?) and said second element (5, 5? 50) present a plurality of housing couples (41, 51, 410, 510) corresponding to said plurality of actuating elements (22, 220) of said actuating device (2, 20), provided with centering means (9, 90) said centering means (9, 90) being made of magnetic, magneto-sensitive or magnetically inert material, able to lock or unlock the movement in respect to said first plane (7, 70).

Abstract: A method of determining a malfunction in a hydrocarbon injection system for an internal combustion engine having an exhaust system with a diesel particulate filter and a diesel oxidation catalyst, is provided. An efficiency of a diesel oxidation catalyst to convert hydrocarbons injected for regeneration of a diesel particulate filter into heat is estimated based upon an input temperature of the diesel oxidation catalyst, an output temperature of the diesel oxidation catalyst, and an output temperature of a diesel particulate filter. The estimated efficiency is compared to a predetermined stored efficiency value. An indication of a malfunction is generated when the comparison of the estimated efficiency to the predetermined stored efficiency exceeds a threshold amount.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fastening or unfastening system (1, 10) including: an actuating device (2, 20), which has a plurality of actuating elements (22, 220) made of magnetic, magneto-sensitive or magnetically inert material; and a device to unlock or lock (3, 30, 3?), which includes a first element (4, 40, 4?), a second element (5, 50, 5?) and a first plane (7, 70), between said first element (4, 40, 4?) and said second element (5, 50), and a second plane (8, 80=between the second element (5, 50, 5?) and the third element (6, 60, 6?). Said first element (40, 4, 4?) and said second element (5, 5? 50) present a plurality of housing couples (41, 51, 410, 510) corresponding to said plurality of actuating elements (22, 220) of said actuating device (2, 20), provided with centering means (9, 90) said centering means (9, 90) being made of magnetic, magneto-sensitive or magnetically inert material, able to lock or unlock the movement in respect to said first plane (7, 70).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a Locking/unlocking system of superimposable elements, comprising a first element (2) or upper element, and a second element (3), or lower element, to be locked and unlocked, superimposed each other along a plane (4) of relative motion, and a operating device (1), said system being characterized in that said first element (2) and said second element (3) provide each one the same number of a plurality of housings (210, 310), and reciprocally positioned so as to form pairs of housings (210, 310), each one providing inside centring means (220, 320), said system being further characterized in that it provides a plurality of first magnetic elements (230?) having a first length, a plurality of second magnetic elements (230?) having a second length, lower than the length of said plurality of first magnetic elements (230?), and a plurality of third magnetic elements (230?).

Abstract: A method of determining a malfunction in a hydrocarbon injection system for an internal combustion engine having an exhaust system with a diesel particulate filter and a diesel oxidation catalyst, is provided. An efficiency of a diesel oxidation catalyst to convert hydrocarbons injected for regeneration of a diesel particulate filter into heat is estimated based upon an input temperature of the diesel oxidation catalyst, an output temperature of the diesel oxidation catalyst, and an output temperature of a diesel particulate filter. The estimated efficiency is compared to a predetermined stored efficiency value. An indication of a malfunction is generated when the comparison of the estimated efficiency to the predetermined stored efficiency exceeds a threshold amount.

Abstract: A method for providing hydrocarbons to an engine exhaust for regenerating a diesel particulate filter within an exhaust system of a diesel engine is provided. The diesel engine comprises an electronic control module, at least one cylinder, and at least one fuel injector in fluid communication with the at least one cylinder, and a diesel oxidation catalyst within the exhaust system. Temperature of a diesel oxidation catalyst output is monitored with an electronic control module. A total amount of hydrocarbons required for diesel particulate filter regeneration is calculated based upon the monitoring of the temperature of the diesel oxidation catalyst output. The total amount of hydrocarbons is injected into an exhaust system upstream of a diesel oxidation catalyst and at least one cylinder with a fuel injector as a post injection.

Abstract: An algorithm or diagnostic for detecting and alarming unintended exothermic conditions in exhaust after treatment components selectively detects alarming temperature variations in exhaust after treatment components when caused by internal unintended exothermal events, rather than transient conditions that are externally driven. Not only are the output temperature and the delta temperature (T_out?T_in) across the component monitored in each after-treatment device, but also the input temperature is deeply analyzed through its recent history data in order to determine if any input variations caused the output changes.

Abstract: An algorithm or diagnostic for detecting and alarming unintended exothermic conditions in exhaust after treatment components selectively detects alarming temperature variations in exhaust after treatment components when caused by internal unintended exothermal events, rather than transient conditions that are externally driven. Not only are the output temperature and the delta temperature (T_out?T_in) across the component monitored in each after-treatment device, but also the input temperature is deeply analyzed through its recent history data in order to determine if any input variations caused the output changes.

Abstract: A magnetic system for the unlocking of padlocks and locks including, a lock-cover element which together with a component fixed to a fitting allows or disallows access to a keyhole. A unlocking-key element which has the function of blocking or unblocking the lock-cover element.

Abstract: A magnetic system for the unlocking of padlocks and locks (10) characterized by the fact that it includes: A lock-cover element (11) which together with a component fixed to a fitting, itself patented, allows or disallows access to a keyhole, A unlocking-key element (12) which has the function of blocking or unblocking the lock-cover element (11).