Abstract: A data storage device includes a memory device and a controller coupled to the memory device. The memory device is arranged into at least a first super device and a second super device, each of the super devices having a plurality of active zones. The controller is configured to determine that each of the super devices includes both cold zones and hot zones, where a cold zone is a zone that is overwritten less than a hot zone. The controller is further configured to move cold zones from one super device to another super device upon determining that the another super device is below a threshold limit, where the threshold limit is a minimum free space to be maintained in a super device. The controller is further configured to move cold zones between super devices, such that the cold zones are concentrated in at least one super device.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates to writing data to streams. A host device can instruct a data storage device to operate in implied streams mode such that the host device does not need to tell the data storage device the specific stream in which to write data. The data storage device would maintain a list of open append points of specific streams. Upon receiving a write command, the data storage device determines whether the write command is for an already open stream, and if so, write to the specific stream. If not, then the data storage device opens a new stream or write the data to an overflow stream.

Abstract: A data storage device includes a memory device and a controller coupled to the memory device. The memory device includes at least a first super device and a second super device. Each of the super devices includes a plurality of active zones and a threshold value for a number of cold zones. The controller classifies zones as either a cold zone or hot zone depending the number of resets to the zone. If the number of resets to the zone is greater than a threshold reset value, then the zone is classified as a hot zone, otherwise the zone is classified as a cold zone. The controller is configured to determine that the number of cold zones is greater than the threshold value for a super device and move data from at least one cold zone from the super device to a zone of another super device.

Abstract: EGs may be combined with ZNSs to offer greater control of how, where and under what configurations, data is stored to various user-defined sections on a SSD. In embodiments, this exposure of control functionalities to an SSD host provides improved performance to data center and other hyperscale users and their clients. In embodiments, larger SSDs may be partitioned into groups of zones for better usage by host devices. In embodiments, the groups may comprise, for example, EGs, sets and MUs, each containing a defined number of zones. In one or more embodiments, hosts may use different EGs to access the device and thereby manage die or channel conflicts in the SSD.

Abstract: A data storage device includes a memory device and a controller coupled to the memory device. The memory device includes a plurality of super devices. The controller is configured to set a free space threshold value for amount of free space that each super device of the plurality of super devices can have, determine that at least one super device of the plurality of super devices is at or above the free space threshold, determine that cold zones are disposed in more than one super device of the plurality of super devices, move data from the cold zones to a first super device of the plurality of super devices wherein after moving the data, all super devices are below the free space threshold, and allocate all new super blocks among the plurality of super devices without allocating any new super blocks to the first super device.

Abstract: A data storage device includes a memory device and a controller coupled to the memory device. The memory device includes a plurality of super devices. The controller is configured to set a free space threshold value for amount of free space that each super device of the plurality of super devices can have, determine that at least one super device of the plurality of super devices is at or above the free space threshold, determine that cold zones are disposed in more than one super device of the plurality of super devices, move data from the cold zones to a first super device of the plurality of super devices wherein after moving the data, all super devices are below the free space threshold, and allocate all new super blocks among the plurality of super devices without allocating any new super blocks to the first super device.

Abstract: A data storage device includes a memory device and a controller coupled to the memory device. The memory device includes a plurality of super devices. The controller is configured to set a free space threshold for an amount of free space for each super device of the plurality of super devices, determine that a first super device has reached the free space threshold value, and allocate all new super blocks among the plurality of super devices without allocating any new super blocks to the first super device. The super blocks are distributed or allocated to each of the super devices that are below the free space threshold value round robin.

Abstract: A data storage device includes a memory device and a controller coupled to the memory device. The memory device includes at least a first super device and a second super device. Each of the super devices includes a plurality of active zones and a threshold value for a number of cold zones. The controller classifies zones as either a cold zone or hot zone depending the number of resets to the zone. If the number of resets to the zone is greater than a threshold reset value, then the zone is classified as a hot zone, otherwise the zone is classified as a cold zone. The controller is configured to determine that the number of cold zones is greater than the threshold value for a super device and move data from at least one cold zone from the super device to a zone of another super device.

Abstract: A data storage device includes a memory device and a controller coupled to the memory device. The memory device is arranged into at least a first super device and a second super device, each of the super devices having a plurality of active zones. The controller is configured to determine that each of the super devices includes both cold zones and hot zones, where a cold zone is a zone that is overwritten less than a hot zone. The controller is further configured to move cold zones from one super device to another super device upon determining that the another super device is below a threshold limit, where the threshold limit is a minimum free space to be maintained in a super device. The controller is further configured to move cold zones between super devices, such that the cold zones are concentrated in at least one super device.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates to effectively and efficiently writing data to streams. A host device can instruct a data storage device to operate in implied streams mode such that the host device does not need to tell the data storage device the specific stream in which to write data. The data storage device would maintain a list of open append points of specific streams. Upon receiving a write command, the data storage device determines whether the write command is for an already open stream, and if so, write to the specific stream. If not, then the data storage device opens a new stream or write the data to an overflow stream.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates to data storage devices, such as solid state drives. The data storage device includes a controller that includes a compression engine. The controller receives a ZNS append command to write data to a media, such as a non-volatile memory. The compression engine compresses data from a first number of logical blocks to second number of logical blocks. The compressed data is programmed to the media. The compressed data has a media logical block address and a host logical block address, where the media logical block address is the actual LBA where the ZNS append places the data on the media and the host logical block address is the location of the data stored on the media from the host's point of view. The host generates an index of the location of the stored data and the controller programs the index to the relevant location in the media.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates to methods of operating storage devices. A controller of the storage device is configured to retrieve a first command to write data to one or more first logical blocks of a first zone, and direct memory access (DMA) read and write the data associated with the first command to the first logical blocks. The first logical blocks are between a zone starting point of the first zone and a zone capacity of the first zone. The controller is configured to retrieve a second command to write data to one or more second logical blocks of the first zone, and DMA read and write the data associated with the second command to the second logical blocks. The second logical blocks are between the zone starting and the zone capacity of the first zone, and the first logical blocks are non-sequential to the second logical blocks.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates to methods of operating storage devices. The storage device comprises a controller and a media unit. The capacity of the media unit is divided into a plurality of zones. The controller is configured to make informed use of errors by update zone metadata to indicate one or more first logical block addresses were skipped and to indicate the next valid logical block address is available to store data. The controller is further configured to update zone metadata to recommend to the host device to reset one or more full zones, to recommend to the host device to transition one or more open zones to a full state, to alert the host device that one or more open zones have been transitioned to the full state, and to notify the host device of the writeable zone capacity of each of the plurality of zones.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates to data storage devices, such as solid state drives. The data storage device includes a controller that includes a compression engine. The controller receives a ZNS append command to write data to a media, such as a non-volatile memory. The compression engine compresses data from a first number of logical blocks to second number of logical blocks. The compressed data is programmed to the media. The compressed data has a media logical block address and a host logical block address, where the media logical block address is the actual LBA where the ZNS append places the data on the media and the host logical block address is the location of the data stored on the media from the host's point of view. The host generates an index of the location of the stored data and the controller programs the index to the relevant location in the media.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates to methods of operating storage devices. The storage device comprises a controller and a media unit. The capacity of the media unit is divided into a plurality of zones. The controller is configured to make informed use of errors by update zone metadata to indicate one or more first logical block addresses were skipped and to indicate the next valid logical block address is available to store data. The controller is further configured to update zone metadata to recommend to the host device to reset one or more full zones, to recommend to the host device to transition one or more open zones to a full state, to alert the host device that one or more open zones have been transitioned to the full state, and to notify the host device of the writeable zone capacity of each of the plurality of zones.

Abstract: EGs may be combined with ZNSs to offer greater control of how, where and under what configurations, data is stored to various user-defined sections on a SSD. In embodiments, this exposure of control functionalities to an SSD host provides improved performance to data center and other hyperscale users and their clients. In embodiments, larger SSDs may be partitioned into groups of zones for better usage by host devices. In embodiments, the groups may comprise, for example, EGs, sets and MUs, each containing a defined number of zones. In one or more embodiments, hosts may use different EGs to access the device and thereby manage die or channel conflicts in the SSD.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates to methods of operating storage devices. The storage device comprises a controller and a media unit. The capacity of the media unit is divided into a plurality of zones. The controller is configured to make informed use of errors by update zone metadata to indicate one or more first logical block addresses were skipped and to indicate the next valid logical block address is available to store data. The controller is further configured to update zone metadata to recommend to the host device to reset one or more full zones, to recommend to the host device to transition one or more open zones to a full state, to alert the host device that one or more open zones have been transitioned to the full state, and to notify the host device of the writeable zone capacity of each of the plurality of zones.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates to methods of operating storage devices. A controller of the storage device is configured to retrieve a first command to write data to one or more first logical blocks of a first zone, and direct memory access (DMA) read and write the data associated with the first command to the first logical blocks. The first logical blocks are between a zone starting point of the first zone and a zone capacity of the first zone. The controller is configured to retrieve a second command to write data to one or more second logical blocks of the first zone, and DMA read and write the data associated with the second command to the second logical blocks. The second logical blocks are between the zone starting and the zone capacity of the first zone, and the first logical blocks are non-sequential to the second logical blocks.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention includes a method of operating a solid-state storage device, comprising a storage device controller in the storage device receiving a set of one or more rules, each rule comprising (i) one or more request conditions to be evaluated for a storage device action request received from a host computer, and (ii) one or more request actions to be performed on a physical address space of a non-volatile storage unit in the solid-state storage device in case the one or more request conditions are fulfilled; the method further comprises: the storage device receiving a storage device action request, and the storage device evaluating a first rule of the one or more rules by determining if the received request fulfills request conditions comprised in the first rule, and in the affirmative the storage device performing request actions comprised in the first rule. A corresponding solid-state storage device is also provided.