Abstract: A method is disclosed of purifying a recycled or renewable organic material, wherein the recycled or renewable organic material contains one or more impurities selected from a group consisting of silicon compounds, phosphorous, Cl and sterols. Exemplary embodiments include (a) providing the recycled or renewable organic material; (c) heat treating the recycled or renewable organic material at 100 to 450° C.; and (f) hydrotreating the heat treated recycled or renewable organic material in a presence of a hydrotreating catalyst; to obtain purified hydrotreated recycled or renewable organic material.

Abstract: A plasma generator is provided for initiation of propellant charges in a weapons system, for example when launching projectiles from a barrel weapon, by electrical discharge between a rear electrode and a front electrode in a combustion chamber channel enclosed in a combustion chamber body and filled with filling gas, designed to ignite at least one propellant charge. An ammunition unit and a launching device including the plasma generator are also provided.

Abstract: A plasma generator is provided for initiation of propellant charges in a weapons system, for example when launching projectiles from a barrel weapon, by electrical discharge between a rear electrode and a front electrode in a combustion chamber channel enclosed in a combustion chamber body and filled with filling gas, designed to ignite at least one propellant charge. An ammunition unit and a launching device including the plasma generator are also provided.

Abstract: A modified token bucket algorithm in a rate shaper in a wireless communication network allows for the “borrowing” of tokens, creating the possibility of a token debt, or a token bucket with a negative Token Bucket Counter (TBC) value. In this modified token bucket algorithm, an incoming packet is passed along so long as the TBC is positive, even if the packet must “borrow” some tokens, driving the TBC negative. Subsequent incoming packets are stalled until the TBC reaches a positive value. The token bucket refills at a known rate; accordingly, the duration of traffic stalling, when the TBC is negative, is known. During this time, the UE is forced into DRX mode, saving battery power by not monitoring DPCCH for traffic that has been halted. The DRX, or sleep, mode may be invoked in several ways.

Abstract: A modified token bucket algorithm in a rate shaper in a wireless communication network allows for the “borrowing” of tokens, creating the possibility of a token debt, or a token bucket with a negative Token Bucket Counter (TBC) value. In this modified token bucket algorithm, an incoming packet is passed along so long as the TBC is positive, even if the packet must “borrow” some tokens, driving the TBC negative. Subsequent incoming packets are stalled until the TBC reaches a positive value. The token bucket refills at a known rate; accordingly, the duration of traffic stalling, when the TBC is negative, is known. During this time, the UE is forced into DRX mode, saving battery power by not monitoring DPCCH for traffic that has been halted. The DRX, or sleep, mode may be invoked in several ways.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for performing event-driven data transfer operations over a global computer network. Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) format data is extracted from a database stored on a first computer system connected to a global computer network. The transaction data extracted from the database is then monitored to determine whether the data is ready to be transmitted to a second computer system connected to the global computer network. When ready, the transaction data is transmitted to the second computer system. The second computer system, in turn, receives the transaction data, monitors the data to determine whether the data is ready to be merged into a database stored on the second computer system, and merges the data into the database. Embodiments of the invention allow for secure data transfer operations to be performed on-line and in real-time.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for performing secure data transfer operations over a global computer network. This is accomplished by extracting data from a database stored on a first computer system connected to the global computer network, translating the data extracted from the database into a standard format, encrypting the formatted data, and transmitting the encrypted data to a second computer system connected to the global computer network. The second computer system, in turn, receives the encrypted data, decrypts it, translates into a format compatible with the second computer system and merges the reformatted data into a database stored on the second computer system. Unlike prior art techniques, in which data transfers are performed in batch off-line, the method and apparatus of the present invention allow for secure data transfer operations to be performed on-line in real-time.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for performing bi-directional data transfer operations over a global computer network are provided. This is accomplished by extracting data from a database stored on a first computer system connected to the global network, transmitting the data extracted from the database to a second computer system connected to the global computer network, receiving on the first computer system data transmitted from the second computer system, and merging the data received from the second computer system into the database stored on the first computer system. These operations are performed in a substantially contemporaneous manner. Unlike prior art techniques, in which data transfers are performed in batch off-line, embodiments of the invention allow for secure data transfer operations to be performed on-line in real-time.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for performing reliable data transfer operations over a global computer network are provided. This is accomplished by transmitting data stored on a first computer system connected to the global computer network to a second computer system connected to the global computer network, sending a receipt acknowledgment signal to the first computer system when the data is received on the second computer system, monitoring acknowledgment signals received by the first computer system, and automatically transmitting the data via facsimile if the receipt of the data is not acknowledged within a predetermined time period. In addition, a paging signal is automatically transmitted to a the business partner to indicate that the data has been transferred by facsimile. Unlike prior art techniques, in which data transfers are performed in batch off-line, embodiments of the invention allow for secure data transfer operations to be performed on-line in real-time.