Abstract: An authoritative domain name system (DNS) server receives DNS requests for domains. The authoritative DNS server transmits DNS responses to the DNS requests with address records that include IP addresses that are selected from a larger pool of IP addresses, where a first DNS response can include IP addresses different from IP addresses included in a second DNS response for the same domain. Also, the same IP addresses may be returned for a first domain and a different, second domain. The authoritative DNS server may select the IP addresses to include in DNS responses to the DNS requests using a round-robin process.

Abstract: A request is received from a client device over a Virtual Private Network (VPN) tunnel. The request is received at a first one of a plurality of edge servers of a distributed cloud computing network. A destination of the request is determined and an optimized route for transmitting the request toward an origin server is determined. The optimized route is based at least in part on probe data between edge servers of the distributed cloud computing network. The request is transmitted to a next hop as defined by the optimized route.

Abstract: Described are methods, devices, and systems useful for adsorbing organometallic vapor onto solid adsorbent material to remove the organometallic vapor from a gas mixture that contains the organometallic vapor and other vapor, particulate materials, or both.

Abstract: An authoritative DNS server receives DNS requests for domains. The authoritative DNS server responds to the requests with address records that include IP addresses that are selected from a larger pool of IP addresses, where a first response to a DNS query for a domain can include IP addresses different from IP addresses included in a second response for the same domain. Also, the same IP addresses may be returned for a first domain and a different, second domain. The authoritative DNS server may randomly select the IP addresses to include in responses to the requests regardless of the domain.

Abstract: A proxy server receives, from multiple visitors of multiple client devices, a plurality of requests for actions to be performed on identified network resources belonging to a plurality of origin servers. At least some of the origin servers belong to different domains and are owned by different entities. The proxy server and the origin servers are also owned by different entities. The proxy server analyzes each request it receives to determine whether that request poses a threat and whether the visitor belonging to the request poses a threat. The proxy server blocks those requests from visitors that pose a threat or in which the request itself poses a threat. The proxy server transmits the requests that are not a threat and is from a visitor that is not a threat to the appropriate origin server.

Abstract: Described are methods, devices, and systems useful for adsorbing organometallic vapor onto solid adsorbent material to remove the organometallic vapor from a gas mixture that contains the organometallic vapor and other vapor, particulate materials, or both.

Abstract: A server establishes a secure session with a client device where a private key used in the handshake is stored in a different server. An encrypted connection is established between the first server and the second server. A message is received from the client device that initiates a procedure to establish the secure session between the client device and the first server. As part of this procedure, the first server transmits over the encrypted connection a request to the second server to use the private key. The first server receives, over the encrypted connection, a response to the request that includes a result of the use of the private key. The first server uses the result during the procedure to establish the secure session.

Abstract: A proxy server receives from a client network application a request for an action to be performed on an identified network resource of a domain of an origin server. The request is received at the proxy server as a result of a DNS request for the domain returning an IP address of the proxy server. The proxy server determines that the first request is indicative of being from a bot. Responsive to this determination, the proxy server transmits a block page to the client network application that includes a mechanism to allow a human user of the client network application to provide input that indicates that they are human and not a bot. If the proxy server does not receive input from the client network application through the mechanism in the block page that indicates that the first request is not from a bot, the proxy server blocks the request.

Abstract: A proxy server automatically includes web applications in web pages at the network level. The proxy server receives, from a client device, a request for a network resource at a domain and is hosted at an origin server. The proxy server retrieves the requested network resource. The retrieved network resource does not include the web applications. The proxy server determines that the web applications are to be installed within the network resource. The proxy server automatically modifies the retrieved network resource to include the web applications. The proxy server transmits a response to the client device that includes the modified network resource. The network resource may remain unchanged at the origin server.

Abstract: A first server receives a set of cryptographic parameters from a second server. The set of cryptographic parameters is received from the second server as part of a secure session establishment between a client device and the second server. The first server accesses a private key that is not stored on the second server. The first server signs the set of cryptographic parameters using the private key. The first server transmits the signed set of cryptographic parameters to the second server. The first server receives, from the second server, a request to generate a premaster secret using a value generated by the second server that is included in the request and generates the premaster secret. The first server transmits the premaster secret to the second server for use in the secure session establishment between the client device and the second server.

Abstract: An attack is detected on a first IP address and a determination is made that the first IP address is associated with a primary digital certificate that is bound with multiple different domains. For each of these domains, a secondary certificate is accessed that is bound only to that domain and that secondary certificate is associated with a unique IP address such that each of the different domains has a unique IP address associated with its secondary certificate respectively. The attack is isolated to the domain the attack follows.

Abstract: A request is received from a client device over a Virtual Private Network (VPN) tunnel. The request is received at a first one of a plurality of edge servers of a distributed cloud computing network. A destination of the request is determined and an optimized route for transmitting the request toward an origin server is determined. The optimized route is based at least in part on probe data between edge servers of the distributed cloud computing network. The request is transmitted to a next hop as defined by the optimized route.

Abstract: A proxy server receives from a client device a request for a network resource that is hosted at an origin server for a domain. The request is received at the proxy server as a result of a DNS request for the domain resolving to the proxy server. The origin server is one of multiple origin servers that belong to different domains that resolve to the proxy server and are owned by different entities. The proxy server retrieves the requested network resource. The proxy server determines that the requested resource is an HTML page, automatically modifies the HTML page, and transmits the modified HTML page to the client device.

Abstract: Described are methods, devices, and systems useful for removing gaseous ammonia from a gas mixture at a pressure in an ambient pressure range by allowing the ammonia to adsorb onto a solid adsorbent, as well as related systems and methods.

Abstract: A server establishes a secure session with a client device where a private key used in the handshake when establishing the secure session is stored in a different server. During the handshake procedure, the server receives a premaster secret that has been encrypted using a public key bound with a domain for which the client device is attempting to establish a secure session with. The server transmits the encrypted premaster secret to the different server for decryption along with other information necessary to compute a master secret. The different server decrypts the encrypted premaster secret, generates the master secret, and transmits the master secret to the server. The server receives the master secret and continues with the handshake procedure including generating one or more session keys that are used in the secure session for encrypting and decrypting communication between the client device and the server.

Abstract: A request is received from a client device over a Virtual Private Network (VPN) tunnel. The request is received at a first one of a plurality of edge servers of a distributed cloud computing network. A destination of the request is determined and an optimized route for transmitting the request toward an origin server is determined. The optimized route is based at least in part on probe data between edge servers of the distributed cloud computing network. The request is transmitted to a next hop as defined by the optimized route.

Abstract: The present invention is embodied in a carbon dioxide compression and delivery device that uses a plurality of reversible thermoelectric devices and to a method to operate such carbon dioxide compression and delivery device.

Abstract: An authoritative DNS server receives DNS requests for domains. The authoritative DNS server responds to the requests with address records that include IP addresses that are selected from a larger pool of IP addresses, where a first response to a DNS query for a domain can include IP addresses different from IP addresses included in a second response for the same domain. Also, the same IP addresses may be returned for a first domain and a different, second domain. The authoritative DNS server may randomly select the IP addresses to include in responses to the requests regardless of the domain.

Abstract: A proxy server receives, from multiple visitors of multiple client devices, a plurality of requests for actions to be performed on identified network resources belonging to a plurality of origin servers. At least some of the origin servers belong to different domains and are owned by different entities. The proxy server and the origin servers are also owned by different entities. The proxy server analyzes each request it receives to determine whether that request poses a threat and whether the visitor belonging to the request poses a threat. The proxy server blocks those requests from visitors that pose a threat or in which the request itself poses a threat. The proxy server transmits the requests that are not a threat and is from a visitor that is not a threat to the appropriate origin server.

Abstract: A proxy server for limiting Internet connection speed of visitors that pose a threat. The proxy server receives from a client device a request to perform an action on an identified resource that is hosted at an origin server for a domain. The proxy server receives the request as a result of a DNS request for the domain resolving to the proxy server. The origin server is one of multiple origin servers that belong to different domains that resolve to the proxy server and are owned by different entities. The proxy server analyzes the request to determine whether a visitor belonging to the request poses a threat. If the proxy server determines that the visitor poses a threat, the proxy server reduces the speed at which the proxy server processes the request while keeping a connection to the client device open.