Abstract: A method of generating a 4D model includes capturing imagery of a catheter and a vessel as the catheter is directed through the vessel to a location of interest, wherein the catheter is disposed on a guidewire, constructing a 3D time varying reference curve describing a trajectory of the guidewire, and constructing a time varying 3D model of the artery using the reference curve.

Abstract: A method including generating a 3-D model of an unstenosed geometry of a blood vessel responsive to a 3-D model of an actual geometry of the blood vessel, establishing a parametric description of a stent that is expanded from a collapsed configuration to a final configuration that apposes the unstenosed geometry, developing a design for the stent by varying parameters of the parametric description responsive to a design heuristic that includes risk of stent strut breakage during a plastic deformation between the collapsed configuration and the final configuration, embodying the stent according to the design for the stent, inserting the stent into a blood vessel in its collapsed configuration, maneuvering the stent through the blood vessel to a stenosis, and expanding the stent to its final configuration.

Abstract: A catheter including a monitoring body and a pair of markers disposed on the monitoring body, each marker of the pair of markers encircling the monitoring body, wherein the pair of markers are configured to indicate, through their appearance from a given point of view, an orientation of the monitoring body.

Abstract: A method including generating a 3-D model of an unstenosed geometry of a blood vessel responsive to a 3-D model of an actual geometry of the blood vessel, establishing a parametric description of a stent that is expanded from a collapsed configuration to a final configuration that apposes the unstenosed geometry, developing a design for the stent by varying parameters of the parametric description responsive to a design heuristic that includes risk of stent strut breakage during a plastic deformation between the collapsed configuration and the final configuration, embodying the stent according to the design for the stent, inserting the stent into a blood vessel in its collapsed configuration, maneuvering the stent through the blood vessel to a stenosis, and expanding the stent to its final configuration.

Abstract: A method including generating a 3-D model of an unstenosed geometry of a blood vessel responsive to a 3-D model of an actual geometry of the blood vessel, establishing a parametric description of a stent that is expanded from a collapsed configuration to a final configuration that apposes the unstenosed geometry, developing a design for the stent by varying parameters of the parametric description responsive to a design heuristic that includes risk of stent strut breakage during a plastic deformation between the collapsed configuration and the final configuration, embodying the stent according to the design for the stent, inserting the stent into a blood vessel in its collapsed configuration, maneuvering the stent through the blood vessel to a stenosis, and expanding the stent to its final configuration.

Abstract: A method including generating a 3-D model of an unstenosed geometry of a blood vessel responsive to a 3-D model of an actual geometry of the blood vessel, establishing a parametric description of a stent that is expanded from a collapsed configuration to a final configuration that apposes the unstenosed geometry, developing a design for the stent by varying parameters of the parametric description responsive to a design heuristic that includes risk of stent strut breakage during a plastic deformation between the collapsed configuration and the final configuration, embodying the stent according to the design for the stent, inserting the stent into a blood vessel in its collapsed configuration, maneuvering the stent through the blood vessel to a stenosis, and expanding the stent to its final configuration.

Abstract: A method of generating a 4D model includes capturing imagery of a catheter and a vessel as the catheter is directed through the vessel to a location of interest, wherein the catheter is disposed on a guidewire, constructing a 3D time varying reference curve describing a trajectory of the guidewire, and constructing a time varying 3D model of the artery using the reference curve.

Abstract: A method of generating a 4D model includes capturing imagery of a catheter and a vessel as the catheter is directed through the vessel to a location of interest, wherein the catheter is disposed on a guidewire, constructing a 3D time varying reference curve describing a trajectory of the guidewire, and constructing a time varying 3D model of the artery using the reference curve.

Abstract: Data relating to fluid dynamics is obtained using a flow field sensor that measures acceleration and angular velocity of the sensor on three axes. Ballast control allows the sensor to obtain neutral buoyancy within the fluid. The sensor is effective in opaque fluids and closed containers as data is stored in a removable memory. Froth flotation systems are among the applications for the sensor. The small size, the geometry, and the center of mass of the sensor allow it to follow the flow field in a vessel without material disruption of the flow field or weight-induced angular displacement.

Abstract: A method of generating a 4D model includes capturing imagery of a catheter and a vessel as the catheter is directed through the vessel to a location of interest, wherein the catheter is disposed on a guidewire, constructing a 3D time varying reference curve describing a trajectory of the guidewire, and constructing a time varying 3D model of the artery using the reference curve.

Abstract: A method including generating a 3-D model of an unstenosed geometry of a blood vessel responsive to a 3-D model of an actual geometry of the blood vessel, establishing a parametric description of a stent that is expanded from a collapsed configuration to a final configuration that apposes the unstenosed geometry, developing a design for the stent by varying parameters of the parametric description responsive to a design heuristic that includes risk of stent strut breakage during a plastic deformation between the collapsed configuration and the final configuration, embodying the stent according to the design for the stent, inserting the stent into a blood vessel in its collapsed configuration, maneuvering the stent through the blood vessel to a stenosis, and expanding the stent to its final configuration.

Abstract: A method including generating a 3-D model of an unstenosed geometry of a blood vessel responsive to a 3-D model of an actual geometry of the blood vessel, establishing a parametric description of a stent that is expanded from a collapsed configuration to a final configuration that apposes the unstenosed geometry, developing a design for the stent by varying parameters of the parametric description responsive to a design heuristic that includes risk of stent strut breakage during a plastic deformation between the collapsed configuration and the final configuration, embodying the stent according to the design for the stent, inserting the stent into a blood vessel in its collapsed configuration, maneuvering the stent through the blood vessel to a stenosis, and expanding the stent to its final configuration.

Abstract: A method of generating a 4D model includes capturing imagery of a catheter and a vessel as the catheter is directed through the vessel to a location of interest, wherein the catheter is disposed on a guidewire, constructing a 3D time varying reference curve describing a trajectory of the guidewire, and constructing a time varying 3D model of the artery using the reference curve.

Abstract: A catheter including a monitoring body and a pair of markers disposed on the monitoring body, each marker of the pair of markers encircling the monitoring body, wherein the pair of markers are configured to indicate, through their appearance from a given point of view, an orientation of the monitoring body.

Abstract: A method of generating a 4D model includes capturing imagery of a catheter and a vessel as the catheter is directed through the vessel to a location of interest, wherein the catheter is disposed on a guidewire, constructing a 3D time varying reference curve describing a trajectory of the guidewire, and constructing a time varying 3D model of the artery using the reference curve.

Abstract: Translocation events are sensed using composite nanopore assemblies including nanopores formed in graphene sheets. Single molecule detection and characterization and multi-molecule characterization and identification are provided using such assemblies. Multiple electrodes associated with nanofluidic sensors facilitate detection of ionic current through a nanopore as well as tunneling currents. Current signals of individual molecules are estimated from the combination of an ionic current signal through the nanopore and tunneling current signals obtained at specific locations within the nanopore.

Abstract: Translocation events are sensed using composite nanopore assemblies including nanopores formed in graphene sheets. Single molecule detection and characterization and multi-molecule characterization and identification are provided using such assemblies. Multiple electrodes associated with nanofluidic sensors facilitate detection of ionic current through a nanopore as well as tunneling currents. Current signals of individual molecules are estimated from the combination of an ionic current signal through the nanopore and tunneling current signals obtained at specific locations within the nanopore.

Abstract: A mechanism is provided for utilizing a nanodevice to distinguish molecules with different structure. The molecules translocate through or across a nanochannel filled with a electrolyte solution. An electrical signal through the nanochannel is measured for every translocation event. Inner surfaces of the nanochannel include a functional layer, which is a coating to functionalize the nanochannel, in which the functional layer is configured to interact with predetermined ones of the molecules during translocation events. It is determined that a combination of at least two different molecules is formed based on predetermined ones of the molecules interacting with the functional layer to change the electrical signal and/or change a translocation time for the translocation event.

Abstract: Data relating to fluid dynamics is obtained using a flow field sensor that measures acceleration and angular velocity of the sensor on three axes. Ballast control allows the sensor to obtain neutral buoyancy within the fluid. The sensor is effective in opaque fluids and closed containers as data is stored in a removable memory. Froth flotation systems are among the applications for the sensor. The small size, the geometry, and the center of mass of the sensor allow it to follow the flow field in a vessel without material disruption of the flow field or weight-induced angular displacement.

Abstract: Translocation events are sensed using composite nanopore assemblies including nanopores formed in graphene sheets. Single molecule detection and characterization and multi-molecule characterization and identification are provided using such assemblies. Multiple electrodes associated with nanofluidic sensors facilitate detection of ionic current through a nanopore as well as tunneling currents. Current signals of individual molecules are estimated from the combination of an ionic current signal through the nanopore and tunneling current signals obtained at specific locations within the nanopore.