Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions for and methods of treating an animal, including a human, and methods of preparing such compositions. The pharmaceutical compositions contain nonabsorbable compositions and may be used, for example, to treat diseases or other metabolic conditions in which removal of protons, the conjugate base of a strong acid and/or a strong acid from the gastrointestinal tract would provide physiological benefits such as normalizing serum bicarbonate concentrations and the blood pH in an animal, including a human.

Abstract: A heat-transfer system is provided for conveying heat from a heat source, the heat-transfer system generally including a frame for coupling to the heat source, wherein the frame is insertable into a first slot of a cooling chassis, and a heat-transfer rail extending parallel to the frame at an offset distance, wherein the offset distance is dimensioned such that the heat-transfer rail is insertable into a second slot of the cooling chassis. At least one heat-transfer device couples the heat-transfer rail to the frame.

Abstract: A liquid-cooled heat sink is provided having a cooling housing including a peripheral side wall extending from the perimeter of a bottom wall and a lid sized to engage the peripheral side wall so as to form a chamber. A fluid inlet port and a fluid outlet port are defined through the lid, and disposed in fluid communication with the chamber. In one embodiment, a plurality of pins project outwardly from the bottom wall so as to be positioned within the chamber and arranged in a staggered pattern. The pins include an end that engages the undersurface of the lid. In an alternative embodiment, a corrugated fin having a plurality of corrugations is positioned within the chamber so that at least one of the corrugations engages the bottom wall and at least one of the corrugations engages the under surface of the lid.

Abstract: A heat transfer device such as a heat sink has one or more heat pipe tubes mounted in a base plate. The heat pipe tubes have a working fluid in a vessel with a wicking material between an evaporator and condenser. The heat pipe traverses a through opening in the base plate and extends along a receptacle in the base plate facing the heat source, this portion preferably defining the heat pipe evaporator. The heat pipe has legs extending perpendicularly from the base plate, and preferably hold spaced heat transfer fins, the legs forming the condenser part of a stacked tower of fins on the base plate. Preferably two or more heat pipes are provided in the form of U-shaped or L-shaped tubes that are flattened along the underside of the base plate to bear against the heat source.

Abstract: A liquid-cooled heat sink is provided having a cooling housing including a peripheral side wall extending from the perimeter of a bottom wall and a lid sized to engage the peripheral side wall so as to form a chamber. A fluid inlet port and a fluid outlet port are defined through the lid, and disposed in fluid communication with the chamber. In one embodiment, a plurality of pins project outwardly from the bottom wall so as to be positioned within the chamber and arranged in a staggered pattern. The pins include an end that engages the undersurface of the lid. In an alternative embodiment, a corrugated fin having a plurality of corrugations is positioned within the chamber so that at least one of the corrugations engages the bottom wall and at least one of the corrugations engages the under surface of the lid.