Abstract: Compounds and compositions are provided that comprise selective b-glucuronidase inhibitors. The compounds and compositions can ameliorate the side effects of chemotherapeutic agents and can improve the efficacy of such agents, including irinotecan and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.

Abstract: This invention relates generally to compounds that are glucuronidase inhibitors. The glucuronidase inhibitors include phenoxy thiophene sulfonamides, and other compounds such as pyridine sulfonyls, benzene sulfonyls, thiophene sulfonyls, thiazole sulfonyls, thiophene carbonyls, and thiazole carbonyls. These compounds include nialamide, isocarboxazid, phenelzine, amoxapine, loxapine and mefloquine. Also compositions including one or more of such compounds for use in inhibiting glucuronidase and methods of using one or more of such compounds for selective inhibition of bacterial ?-glucoronidase. These compounds may be used as a co-drug in combination with the anticancer drug CPT-11. Also a method for screening compounds to determine their usefulness in reducing diarrhea associated with irinotecan chemotherapy.

Abstract: Methods utilizing compounds and compositions are provided that comprise selective ?-glucuronidase inhibitors. The methods can ameliorate the side effects of chemotherapeutic agents and can improve the efficacy of such agents, including irinotecan and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The methods comprise administering the compounds in combination with agents or administering the compounds in a monotherapy for the treatment of cancer and gastrointestinal conditions.

Abstract: Compounds and compositions are provided that comprise selective b-glucuronidase inhibitors. The compounds and compositions can ameliorate the side effects of chemotherapeutic agents and can improve the efficacy of such agents, including irinotecan and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.

Abstract: Polynucleotides encoding a secreted mutant human carboxylesterase enzyme and polypeptides encoded by the polynucleotides which are capable of metabolizing a prodrug and inactive metabolites thereof to active drug are provided. Compositions and methods for sensitizing cells to a prodrug agent, inhibiting cell growth, treating drug addiction, and facilitating the metabolism of an organophosphate with this enzyme are also provided. In addition, a screening assay for identification of drugs activated by this enzyme is described.

Abstract: This invention relates generally to compounds that are glucuronidase inhibitors. The glucuronidase inhibitors include phenoxy thiophene sulfonamides, and other compounds such as pyridine sulfonyls, benzene sulfonyls, thiophene sulfonyls, thiazole sulfonyls, thiophene carbonyls, and thiazole carbonyls. These compounds include nialamide, isocarboxazid, phenelzine, amoxapine, loxapine and mefloquine. Also compositions including one or more of such compounds for use in inhibiting glucuronidase and methods of using one or more of such compounds for selective inhibition of bacterial ?-glucoronidase. These compounds may be used as a co-drug in combination with the anticancer drug CPT-11. Also a method for screening compounds to determine their usefulness in reducing diarrhea associated with irinotecan chemotherapy.

Abstract: Compounds, compositions and methods are provided that comprise selective ?-glucuronidase inhibitors for both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, especially enteric bacteria normally associated with the gastrointestinal tract. The compounds, compositions and methods can be for inhibiting bacterial ?-glucuronidase and for improving efficacy of camptothecin-derived antineoplastic agents or glucuronidase-substrate agents or compounds by attenuating the side effects caused by reactivation by bacterial ?-glucuronidases of glucuronidated metabolites of camptothecin-derived antineoplasatic agents or glucuronidase-substrate agents or compounds.

Abstract: Polynucleotides encoding a mutant human carboxylesterase enzyme and polypeptides encoded by the polynucleotides which are capable of metabolizing a prodrug and inactive metabolites thereof to active drug are provided. Compositions and methods for sensitizing cells to a prodrug agent, inhibiting cell growth, treating drug addiction, and facilitating the metabolism of an organophosphate with this enzyme are also provided. In addition, a screening assay for identification of drugs activated by this enzyme is described.

Abstract: Polynucleotides encoding a secreted mutant human carboxylesterase enzyme and polypeptides encoded by the polynucleotides which are capable of metabolizing a prodrug and inactive metabolites thereof to active drug are provided. Compositions and methods for sensitizing cells to a prodrug agent, inhibiting cell growth, treating drug addiction, and facilitating the metabolism of an organophosphate with this enzyme are also provided. In addition, a screening assay for identification of drugs activated by this enzyme is described.

Abstract: Compounds, compositions and methods are provided that comprise selective ?-glucuronidase inhibitors for both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, especially enteric bacteria normally associated with the gastrointestinal tract. The compounds, compositions and methods can be for inhibiting bacterial ?-glucuronidase and for improving efficacy of camptothecin-derived antineoplastic agents or glucuronidase-substrate agents or compounds by attenuating the side effects caused by reactivation by bacterial ?-glucuronidases of glucuronidated metabolites of camptothecin-derived antineoplasatic agents or glucuronidase-substrate agents or compounds.

Abstract: Compounds, compositions and methods are provided that comprise selective ?-glucuronidase inhibitors for both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, especially enteric bacteria normally associated with the gastrointestinal tract. The compounds, compositions and methods can be for inhibiting bacterial ?-glucuronidases and for improving efficacy of camptothecin-derived antineoplastic agents or glucuronidase-substrate agents or compounds by attenuating the side effects caused by reactivation by bacterial ?-glucuronidases of glucuronidated metabolites of camptothecin-derived antineoplastic agents or glucuronidase-substrate agents or compounds.

Abstract: Compounds, compositions and methods are provided that comprise selective ?-glucuronidase inhibitors for both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, especially enteric bacteria normally associated with the gastrointestinal tract. The compounds, compositions and methods can be for inhibiting bacterial ?-glucuronidases and for improving efficacy of camptothecin-derived antineoplastic agents or glucuronidase-substrate agents or compounds by attenuating the side effects caused by reactivation by bacterial ?-glucuronidases of glucuronidated metabolites of camptothecin-derived antineoplastic agents or glucuronidase-substrate agents or compounds.

Abstract: Polynucleotides encoding a mutant human carboxylesterase enzyme and polypeptides encoded by the polynucleotides which are capable of metabolizing a prodrug and inactive metabolites thereof to active drug are provided. Compositions and methods for sensitizing cells to a prodrug agent, inhibiting cell growth, treating drug addiction, and facilitating the metabolism of an organophosphate with this enzyme are also provided. In addition, a screening assay for identification of drugs activated by this enzyme is described.

Abstract: Polynucleotides encoding a mutant human carboxylesterase enzyme and polypeptides encoded by the polynucleotides which are capable of metabolizing a prodrug and inactive metabolites thereof to active drug are provided. Compositions and methods for sensitizing cells to a prodrug agent, inhibiting cell growth, treating drug addiction, and facilitating the metabolism of an organophosphate with this enzyme are also provided. In addition, a screening assay for identification of drugs activated by this enzyme is described.

Abstract: Polynucleotides encoding a mutant human carboxylesterase enzyme and polypeptides encoded by the polynucleotides which are capable of metabolizing a prodrug and inactive metabolites thereof to active drug are provided. Compositions and methods for sensitizing cells to a prodrug agent, inhibiting cell growth, treating drug addiction, and facilitating the metabolism of an organophosphate with this enzyme are also provided. In addition, a screening assay for identification of drugs activated by this enzyme is described.

Abstract: Polynucleotides encoding a mutant human carboxylesterase enzyme and polypeptides encoded by the polynucleotides which are capable of metabolizing a prodrug and inactive metabolites thereof to active drug are provided. Compositions and methods for sensitizing cells to a prodrug agent, inhibiting cell growth, treating drug addiction, and facilitating the metabolism of an organophosphate with this enzyme are also provided. In addition, a screening assay for identification of drugs activated by this enzyme is described.

Abstract: Methods of treating a microbial infection in a subject by administering to the subject an effective amount of a compound that modulates an enzymatic activity of a relaxase polypeptide is provided. Methods of inhibiting bacterial conjugation by modulating activity of a relaxase polypeptide in a bacterium are also provided. Novel compounds that modulate relaxase enzymes and assays for measuring kinetics of relaxase enzymes and selecting for modulators of relaxase enzyme activity are further provided.

Abstract: Solved three-dimensional crystal structures of mammalian carboxylesterases (CEs) are disclosed. A solved three-dimensional crystal structure of a rabbit CE polypeptide co-crystallized with 4PP is disclosed. Solved three-dimensional structures of a human CE polypeptide co-crystallized with tacrine and a human CE polypeptide co-crystallized with homatropine are disclosed. The disclosed structures can be employed in the design of CE modulators. Methods of designing modulators of the biological activity of rabbit CE, human CE and other CE polypeptides, are also disclosed.